Ice hockey terminology

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

As with most other sports, ice hockey has developed extensive terminology over the decades . A large part of it comes from North America or is based on terms used in German-speaking countries. The most important terms and expressions are listed in alphabetical order below.

As a rule, for terms used in German and English, reference is made to the respective German term. Words in italics refer to explanations elsewhere in this article.

A.

  • Offside : the entering of the attack zone by an attacking player in front of the puck. An offside results in an interruption and a face-off in the neutral zone .
  • All Star Game : a show game played with the best players in a league chosen by the public or experts
  • Attack zone : also known as the opponent's zone , that third of the playing field in which the opponent's goal is. The opposite is the defense zone
  • Assist : a pass that leads to a goal
  • Attacking Zone : see attack zone
  • Setup pass : the initial turn of an attack, is usually played out by a defender from his own zone

B.

  • Backhand shot or backhander : see backhand shot
  • Backcheck or backchecking : a part of the defense work with fast counter-attacks ( rushes ), in which a player tries to disturb an opposing player on his way into his own defense zone
  • Backup or backup goalie : see substitute goalkeeper
  • Gang : the boundary of the playing field. It usually consists of wood or plastic in the lower part, on which a wall made of Plexiglas is built for additional protection. The lower part of the gang is formed by the kick plate .
  • Bench penalty : a small or large bench penalty (two or five minutes) results in a penalty period during which the team of the penalized player in shorthanded acts. Large bank penalties automatically result in a game time penalty .
  • Trembling : illegal attack against the legs of an opposing player with a stick or one's own leg.
  • Big Save : a goal-threatening shot held by the goalkeeper, often in a crucial game situation
  • Blade : 1.) the lower, angled part of the hockey stick that is in contact with the puck and the ice surface.
    2.) the blade of the skate
  • Blue line : playing field marking running across the ice surface, which separates the middle third and the two defensive and attack zones.
  • Blue Liner : a player (usually a defender), which is positioned at the blue line of attack third order from there slapshots deliver on target. Sometimes such a shot is also called a blueliner .
  • Breakaway : a quick counterattack, usually after carelessness or after the opposing team has lost a puck
  • Faceoff : the face-off in ice hockey at the beginning of the third or after interruptions.
  • Butterfly style : the most common style of play among goalkeepers today , which is characterized by the leg guards spreading away from the body, which effectively protects the lower part of the goal from flat shots.

C.

  • Catch glove : see mitt
  • Center (or Striker ): an attacking player, which is usually the bully executes and builds up the moves, see Striker
  • Check or checking : any kind of disturbance of an attacking an opponent by jostling or similar procedure. Only the player in charge of the disc may be checked. However, checks against the head or against the gang are prohibited.
  • Clearing the zone or clearing : the removal of the target from one's own defensive zone to relieve pressure during an opposing attack, for example in a power play . The opponent must then set up a new attack to prevent an offside.
  • Coast to coast (about Coast to Coast ): this is called an attack in which a player with the puck out of the defensive zone runs (mostly from the baseline or behind the goal) into the attacking zone and comes to scoring.
  • Corner : the playing field in the area of ​​the four curves at an angle behind the goals
  • Crease : The semicircular area in front of the goal ( goal area ) is called crease . There is also the Referee's Crease on the board at the center line, in which the referee announces his decisions.
  • Crosscheck : an illegal check with a high stick in which no part of the club touches the ice. It usually results in a bank fine. In the event of injury, the offense can also result in a match penalty.

D.

  • Defensive zone : see defense zone
  • Deke : the pretending or feigning of moves by an attacking player with the aim of playing off the opposing defense
  • Delayed penalty : (about delayed penalty ): postponement of a displayed opposing penalty until that moment when the penalized team in possession of the puck enters. During this time, the punished team cannot score a goal, which is why the opponent can use a sixth field player instead of the goalkeeper in order to score a goal before the start of the power play .
  • Disciplinary penalty : in the case of serious offenses or criticism of the referee, a ten-minute misconduct penalty can also be imposed in addition to the small bank penalty , but this does not result in a short game for the team concerned. Disciplinary sanctions are entered on the scoresheet using the English term misconduct .
  • Dive or diving : see Schwalbe
  • Draft : player lottery commonly used in North American professional sports leagues in which teams secure the services of promising talent (see main article NHL Entry Draft )
  • Third : 1.) a period of 20 minutes in an ice hockey game
2.) part of the ice surface, see zone
  • Drop pass or dropping : the leaving of the puck in the attack movement for a subsequent player
  • Dump'n'Chase : an offensive strategy in which the puck is first shot into the opposing zone. The attacking team then tries to gain possession of the puck in the curves behind the goal. In German-speaking countries, this strategy is also known under the term Canadian , which refers to the origin of the maneuver.

E.

  • Freezing : the goalkeeper holding onto the puck, usually in a dangerous situation. It results in an interruption and a face-off in one's own defense zone
  • Ice Age : the total amount of time a player spends on the ice. Statistics are kept on this in some leagues such as the National Hockey League .
  • Enforcer or Goon : a player who usually stands out due to negligible playing skills but impressive body dimensions and is only brought into play to provoke fights or to attack opposing players with often illegal methods.
  • Empty Net Goal : a hit into the empty goal when the opponent has exchanged the goalkeeper for an additional field player in order to increase the chances of an equalization shortly before the end of the game
  • Substitute goalkeeper : the second or third goalkeeper of a team behind the number one, who usually receives less ice time.
  • Extra Attacker : in the event of a deficit shortly before the end of the game, your own goalkeeper is often replaced by another field player, called an Extra Attacker , in order to increase the chance of equalizing. The risk lies in the possibility of receiving an empty net goal .

F.

  • Catch glove or catch hand : part of the goalkeeper's equipment
  • Catch quota (English Save Percentage ): a part of the goalkeeper statistics, the percentage of the total number of shots fired at a goalkeeper, see catch quota
  • Field player (English skater ): the totality of all players on a team excluding the goalkeeper
  • Forechecking : early disruption of an opposing attack or hindrance of the build-up game (see main article Forechecking )
  • Freeze the puck or Freeze : see Freezing

G

  • Gamesheet : see scoresheet
  • Gametying Goal : the goal to a tie. Nowadays it normally does not appear in the statistics any more, since games that are tied after regular time are decided in overtime or in a shootout .
  • Game winning goal : the winning goal . In terms of statistics, it is equivalent to the goal that was ultimately scored more than the opposing team managed, regardless of how many goals were scored afterwards.
  • Conceded goals : a part of the goalkeeper statistic that shows the average number of goals scored in 60 minutes (see Goals Against Average )
  • Goals against average (GAA): see Gegentorschnitt
  • Gordie Howe Hattrick : special form of hattrick , which consists of a goal, an assist and a brawl (large bank penalty ) (see main article Gordie Howe Hattrick )
  • Large bank penalty : see bank penalty

H

  • Hook : holding or hindering an opposing player with a stick. It usually results in a small bank fine .
  • Holding : holding or hindering the opposing player. It usually results in a small bank fine .
  • Hand Pass : passing irregular or influencing of the puck with his hand that an interruption and a bully leads. Catching a flying puck is permitted as long as there is no further play and the puck is placed back on the ice immediately afterwards.
  • Hat trick : three goals by a single player in one game. If the three goals are scored in direct succession, this is called a natural hat trick
  • High sticking : see high stick
  • High stick : an attack on an opposing player with a raised stick, usually against the shoulder and head area. It is also used to describe an attempt to shoot a flying puck when the stick is higher than the crossbar of the goal.
  • Holding : see hold
  • Home team : the team playing on their own ice in contrast to the road team , the visiting team
  • Hooking : see hook

I.

  • Icing : unauthorized long-range shot in which the puck crosses the red center line and the opposing goal line without being touched by another player. An icing results in the game being interrupted and a face-off in the defensive zone of the offending team. In an in shorthanded playing team the icing rule is suspended for the duration of the penalty.

J

  • Jersey : the dress of an ice hockey player
  • Jersey number : see number on the back

K

  • Play Canadian or Canadian (in) : see Dump'n'Chase
  • Small bank penalty : see bank penalty
  • Short corner : the side of the opposing goal closer to the attacking or target player

L.

  • Long corner : the side of the opposing goal further away from the attacking or target-leading player
  • Crossbar : see crossbar
  • Legpads : the goalkeeper's leg guards
  • Long change : since the sides are changed in every third , the teams have the disadvantage in the second part of the game that the players bench is closer to the attack zone. The longer distance to the bank makes it difficult to change during game phases when a team has to do more defense work, such as being outnumbered, and therefore often results in excessively long shifts for players on the ice, which is known as long change .

M.

  • Major penalty : see bank penalty
  • Match penalty : a match penalty is imposed for particularly serious offenses and, in addition to a large bank penalty and immediate exclusion, results in the player concerned being suspended from the following games.
  • Minor penalty : see bank penalty
  • Misconduct : see Misconduct

N

  • Net : common name for the ice hockey goal in American-speaking countries
  • Neutral zone : the middle third of the playing field

O

  • Offside : see offside
  • Onetimer : a directly taken pass, usually executed as a slap shot
  • On the fly : for example while the game is in progress , e.g. a player change that does not take place during an interruption (on-the- fly change )
  • Open Ice Hit or Open Ice Check : a check on the open ice surface at a distance from the boards. Such checks often result in spectacular falls and in some cases also result in injuries, but are in themselves compliant with the rules, provided they are not directed towards the head or neck and are carried out with the arms folded and without the use of the club.
  • Overload system : a special type of power play in which an advantage is sought by means of an asymmetrical setup, i.e. one that tends to one side of the ice surface and the resulting bundling of forces.
  • Overtime : Extra time in the event of a tie after regular playing time, usually five minutes long with four against four field players, but also in conventional 20-minute units and five against five in playoff games. In any case, overtime ends with the first goal scored.

P

  • Pads : see leg pads
  • Playmaker ( e.g. playmaker ): the creative head of a team is often referred to as a playmaker , if a large part of the moves are initiated by him or handled by him as a pivot. As a rule, it is a center .
  • Penalty killers : players from a team that is outnumbered. There is no such thing as the obvious opposite of power players .
  • Penalty killing : the game in a minority after an imposed penalty time against your own team
  • Penalty shoot-out : in the event of a tie after overtime , the winner is usually determined by a penalty shoot-out, in which the players of both teams take turns taking a penalty shot, similar to the penalty shoot-out. See penalty shot
  • Period : see third
  • Posts : the two posts that mark the left and right ends of the goal
  • Post shot: a shot on goal that ricochets off one of the posts
  • Pipe : a common name for the post in English-speaking countries
  • Plus / Minus : Statistics that set off the presence of a player on the ice for own and opposing goals.
  • Power play : the game in excess with a penalty time imposed on the opposing team. The opportunity to score is particularly cheap here.

Q

  • Crossbar : the crossbar that marks the top of the gate

R.

  • Rebound : a shot that ricochets off in an uncontrolled manner and cannot be held by the goalkeeper. Rebounds provide a good opportunity for the attacking team to take more shots, especially if they rebound straight into the slot. Shots deliberately deflected by the goalkeeper into the curves behind the goal are not considered rebounds.
  • Road Team : the away team
  • Roster : the squad of a team
  • Red line : transverse pitch marking that marks the center of the ice surface.
  • Back number : a player's number printed on the back and sleeves of the jersey . All numbers between 1 and 99 are possible, although many clubs have blocked numbers that are no longer awarded to honor merited former players.
  • Backhand shot : a shot or pass made by a player with the back of their stick. It is less powerful and precise than a normal shot, but it is often used for surprising plays and shots on goal.
  • Roughing : see Exaggerated Hardness
  • Rush : see rapid attack

S.

  • Disc : common name in German-speaking countries for the puck , in Russian шайба
  • Slap shot ( English Slapshot ): a special shooting technique in which the shooter stretches the stick far back and puts all his weight into the shot. With this technique, the highest puck speeds are achieved (up to 170 km / h), but the associated reduction in accuracy is required. This shooting technique is often used by the Blueliners (see there).
  • Ice skate goal: an irregular hit obtained by deliberately moving the puck with the help of an ice skate
  • Rapid attack or counterattack : an attack carried out quickly, usually after the opponent has lost a puck.
  • Swallow ( English diving ): Theatrical dropping or feigning an irregularity after a check or other attack by an opposing player in order to enforce a penalty time. Conversely, diving can result in a penalty for unsportsmanlike conduct .
  • Score Sheet or Gamesheet : Run by the judges score sheet of the happenings game in which goals, penalties, shots and the like are recorded. It must be approved by the referee after the game and forms the basis for the statistics used in ice hockey .
  • Screening (about shielding to reduce the chance to increase the attempt to adjust the opposing goalkeeper in an attack the view of a scoring:)
  • Shift : the substitution of a player or his ice age until the next change. An average gamer has 15 to 25 shifts per game, each lasting around 30 to 60 seconds.
  • Shutout : a completely completed game by a goalkeeper without conceding a goal, not to be confused with the shootout , the English term for the penalty shootout
  • Slot : the space in front of the goal in which the chance of deflecting a shot, utilizing a ricochet or obstructing the goalkeeper's view is particularly good.
  • Game time penalty : In the event of major offenses, it is imposed by the referee along with a major bench penalty and is equivalent to the exclusion of the player concerned from the game in progress. The game time penalty is not the same as the match penalty , which also includes a ban from at least one further game.
  • Spin-o-rama : A movement in which the player carrying the puck turns quickly to get past an opponent.
  • Stay-at-Home or Stay-at-Home defender : a player, usually a defender, who acts primarily defensively and whose focus is on working in his own third of the defense.

T

  • Three-on-one (about three against one ): an attack, usually in the form of a breakaway , in which three players on a team drive against only one defender
  • Time Out : a 30-second interruption in the game that can be arranged by the coach of a team to discuss the tactical approach. Each team has a timeout per game.
  • Trapezoid : Name of the area beyond the goal line behind the goal in the North American National Hockey League . If the goalkeeper plays the puck outside of this area, he will be penalized for delayed play.
  • Trapper : see catch glove
  • Trash talk : exchange of words on the ice with the aim of provoking an opposing player and disturbing his concentration.
  • Tripping : see tripping

U

  • Excessive harshness : the use of inappropriate means, mostly in defense work. It usually results in a small bank fine .
  • Ugly Goal (about ugly gate ) so that doors are called, which are not achieved by the removal playing opportunities but due to unfortunate coincidences or Nachstochern when the goalkeeper does not bring the puck under control. Alternatively, as a garbage goal (such as waste-gate ), respectively.
  • Outnumbered game : see penalty killing

V

  • Defense zone : also known as your own zone , that third of the playing field in which your own goal is located

W.

  • Wayne's Office : the room behind the opposing goal, named after the ice hockey legend Wayne Gretzky , who launched many successful attacks from there
  • WLT : in statistics the short form for Wins - Losses - Ties or Siege - Loss - Ties . Records of this are part of the goalkeeper statistics and are assigned in each game to the goalkeepers of both teams who are on the ice at the time of the game winning goal . All the statistics are generally referred to as a record (in the sense of a record ).
  • Wrist shot: wrist shot ; Shot at the goal from the wrist with a very short backward movement.

Z

  • Zamboni : the ice cleaning machine. Zamboni is actually a manufacturer, but thanks to its pioneering work it is the market leader in this segment, so that the company name has become common property.
  • Zone : the playing field is divided into three sections, so-called zones , by the blue lines : starting from the goal of each team, a distinction is made between the defense zone, the neutral zone and the attack zone.

Web links