Hat trick

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Under a hat trick (. English hat trick ) is understood in some sports - primarily for football and hockey - the achievement of three consecutive goals by the same player in one game. Depending on the type of sport and the language area, it is sometimes necessary for the same player to score three goals within one game time (e.g. half time, third of the game).

The expression is often used in sports reporting when an individual athlete or a team wins a championship, trophy or other sports competition three times in a row ("title hat trick"), has achieved a special sporting performance three times in a row (e.g. B. "Medal Hat Trick") or a special award three times in a row.

In international football, scoring three goals by a player in a game counts as a hat trick, which is why, for example, the three English goals in the final of the 1966 World Cup by Geoff Hurst are rated as a hat trick. In order to differentiate the “German” hat trick from the international definition, the term “flawless hat trick” or “classic hat trick” is often used colloquially. In German football, a hat trick means that the three goals have been scored in a single half of the game, which is why the attributes “flawless”, “classic” or “golden” are not necessary, but are usually used anyway.

In motorsport - especially in Formula 1 - a "hat trick" is the performance when a driver in a race as the best in qualifying reaches first place on the grid ( pole position ), wins the race and achieves the fastest lap time of all participants in the race.

In addition, the term “hat trick” is now also used in many other areas of life and culture in a figurative sense, such as winning a film prize three times , a music or other cultural competition, or a reader or viewer vote.

The term is also used in computer games. For example, in Capture the Flag , a popular mode that is integrated in many online shooter games, scoring three consecutive points by the same player is considered a “hat trick”.

Word origin

The term has its origins in cricket . As far as today, succeeded in 1858 Heathfield Harman ( "HH") Stephenson on the Hyde Park Ground in Sheffield became the first pitcher ( bowler ) three consecutive throws in three wickets convert. As a special award for this sporting achievement, he was presented with a hat ( English hat ). In connection with the word for a trick ( English trick ), the phrase hat trick developed , which was taken over as a foreign word in German usage.

Cricket

So far there have been 45 hat tricks in Test Cricket and 49 in One-Day Internationals . There have been 13 hat tricks in Twenty20s so far (as of February 21, 2020).

Four wickets in four consecutive balls is sometimes referred to as a double hat-trick , as it contains, in a sense, two runs of three consecutive wickets. Although there have been several cases in first-class cricket , it has only occurred once in international cricket, during the 2007 Cricket World Cup in the match between Sri Lanka and South Africa. Sri Lanka's almost bowler Lasith Malinga achieved this feat when he threw out Shaun Pollock and Andrew Hall one after the other and with the first two balls of his next overs, Jacques Kallis and Makhaya Ntini .

Test match hat tricks
No. bowler country opponent place season
1 Fred Spofforth Australia England Melbourne Cricket Ground 1878/79
2 Billy Bates England Australia Melbourne Cricket Ground 1882/83
3 John Briggs England Australia Sydney Cricket Ground 1891/92
4th George Lohmann England South Africa St George's Park , Port Elizabeth 1895/96
5 Jack Hearne England Australia Headingley , Leeds 1899
6th Hugh Trumble Australia England Melbourne Cricket Ground 1901/02
7th Hugh Trumble Australia England Melbourne Cricket Ground 1903/04
8th Jimmy Matthews 1 Australia South Africa Old Trafford , Manchester 1912
9 Jimmy Matthews 1 Australia South Africa Old Trafford, Manchester 1912
10 Maurice Allom 2 England New Zealand Lancaster Park , Christchurch 1929/30
11 Tom Goddard England South Africa Johannesburg 1938/39
12 Peter Loader England West Indies Headingley, Leeds 1957
13 Lindsay Kline Australia South Africa Newlands Cricket Ground , Cape Town 1957/58
14th Wesley Hall West Indies Pakistan Lahore Stadium , Lahore 1958/59
15th Geoff Griffin South Africa England Lord's Cricket Ground , London 1960
16 Lance Gibbs West Indies Australia Adelaide oval 1960/61
17th Peter Petherick 2 New Zealand Pakistan Gaddafi Stadium, Lahore 1976/77
18th Courtney Walsh 3 West Indies Australia Brisbane Cricket Ground 1988/89
19th Mervyn Hughes 3 Australia West Indies WACA Ground , Perth 1988/89
20th Damien Fleming 2 Australia Pakistan Rawalpindi Cricket Stadium 1994/95
21st Shane Warne Australia England Melbourne Cricket Ground 1994/95
22nd Dominic Cork England West Indies Old Trafford, Manchester 1995
23 Darren Gough England Australia Sydney Cricket Ground 1998/99
24 Wasim Akram 4 Pakistan Sri Lanka Gaddafi Stadium, Lahore 1998/99
25th Wasim Akram 4 Pakistan Sri Lanka Bangabandhu National Stadium , Dhaka 1998/99
26th Nuwan Zoysa Sri Lanka Zimbabwe Harare Sports Club 1999/00
27 Abdur Razzaq Pakistan Sri Lanka Galle International Stadium 2000
28 Glenn McGrath Australia West Indies WACA Ground, Perth 2000/01
29 Harbhajan Singh India Australia Eden Gardens , Calcutta 2000/01
30th Mohammed Sami Pakistan Sri Lanka Gaddafi Stadium, Lahore 2001/02
31 Jermaine Lawson 3 West Indies Australia Kensington Oval , Bridgetown, Barbados 2003
32 Alok Kapali Bangladesh Pakistan Arbab Niaz Stadium , Peshawar 2003
33 Andy Blignaut Zimbabwe Bangladesh Harare 2003/04
34 Matthew Hoggard England West Indies Kensington Oval, Bridgetown, Barbados 2003/04
35 James Franklin New Zealand Bangladesh Bangabandhu National Stadium, Dhaka 2004/05
36 Irfan Pathan 5 India Pakistan National Stadium , Karachi 2005/06
37 Ryan Sidebottom England New Zealand Seddon Park , Hamilton 2007/08
38 Peter Siddle 6 Australia England Brisbane Cricket Ground 2010/11
39 Stuart Broad England India Trent Bridge , Nottingham 2011
40 Sohag Gazi Bangladesh New Zealand Zohur Ahmed Chowdhury Stadium , Chittagong 2013/14
41 Stuart Broad England Sri Lanka Headingley, Leeds 2014
42 Ranga Herath Sri Lanka Australia bile 2016
43 Moeen Ali England South Africa The Oval , London 2017
44 Jasprite Bumrah India West Indies Sabina Park, Kingston 2019
45 Naseem Shah Pakistan Bangladesh Rawalpindi Cricket Stadium 2019/20
1A hat trick in both innings of the game
2 In his first test match
3 Not all in the same innings
4th In consecutive games
5With the last three throws of the first overs of the match
6th On his 26th birthday

Soccer

A flawless hat trick

In the German-speaking world, hat trick means that special conditions must be met, namely that a player scores three goals in one half and no other player (not even his own team) scores a goal between the first and third goal. This is often referred to as a "flawless" or "classic" hat trick, in order to get a distinction in sports reporting, in which it is often referred to as a hat trick when the same player scores three goals in the entire game (also in different halves) shoots, regardless of whether other players from your own or the opposing team have scored a goal between the individual goals.

In the Anglo-Saxon language area, it is already considered a hat trick if the same player scores three goals in a game - the expression “ flawless hat trick” describes a hat trick according to the narrower definition used in Germany. Likewise, some understand by a “real” or “perfect hat trick” that a player in a match scores the three goals once with his right or left foot and once with his head, or also: a goal with his foot (from the game out), one with the head and one from a free kick or penalty (both variants are very rare combinations).

Statistics and special hat tricks

National team

The British-born Charles Stansfield , who played for Austria, scored the first hat trick in an international match with three out of five goals in the 5-4 victory of the Austrian national soccer team over Hungary on October 9, 1904.

World Championship

So far, there have been eight hat-tricks at soccer World Cups :

  • Edmund Conen , Germany, May 27, 1934 against Belgium, final score 5: 2, 66th, 70th, 87th minute
  • Gustav Wetterström , Sweden, June 12, 1938, against Cuba, final score 8: 0, 22nd, 27th, 44th minute ( Tore Keller also scored three goals in the game (9th, 80th and 81st minute).)
  • Erich Probst , Austria, June 19, 1954 against Czechoslovakia, final score 5: 0, 4th, 21st, 24th minute
  • Pelé , Brazil, June 24, 1958, v France, final score 5: 2, 53rd, 64th, 75th minutes
  • Gerd Müller , Germany, June 10, 1970 against Peru, final score 3: 1, 19th, 26th, 39th minute
  • Gary Lineker , England, June 11, 1986, vs. Poland, final 3-0, 9th, 14th, 34th minutes
  • Oleg Salenko , Russia, June 28, 1994, against Cameroon, final score 6: 1, 15th, 41st, 44th minute (he scored two more goals in this game)
  • Gabriel Batistuta , Argentina, June 21, 1998, v Jamaica, final score 5-0, 72nd, 80th, 83rd minutes

Note: FIFA also counts hat tricks in its statistics in which the goals were not scored as “flawless hat tricks”, and thus comes up with a higher number. Six hat tricks are counted for Germany.

Olympic games

So far there have been 15 hat tricks at the Olympic Games, with the first player succeeding one per half and one player contributing:

  • Sophus Nielsen , Denmark against France on October 22, 1908, final score 17: 1, 3rd, 4th, 6th minute and 46th, 48th, 52nd minute (plus four more goals)
  • Harold Stapley , United Kingdom on October 22, 1908 against the Netherlands, final score 4-0, 60th, 64th, 75th minute (also the goal to make it 1-0 in the 37th minute)
  • Harold Walden , United Kingdom on June 30, 1912 against Hungary, final score 7-0, 49th, 53rd, 55th, (85th) (also the goals to 1-0 and 2-0 in the 21st and 23rd Minute)
  • Herbert Karlsson , Sweden on August 28, 1920 against Greece, final score 9: 0, 15th, 20th, 21st minute (also two more goals in the 2nd half)
  • Kees Pijl , Netherlands on May 27, 1924 against Romania, final score 6: 0, 52nd, 66th, 68th minute (also a goal in the 1st half)
  • Mario Magnozzi , Italy against Egypt on June 9, 1928, final score 11: 3, 72nd, 80th, 88th minutes (the last three goals)
  • Ernest Pohl , Poland on August 26, 1960 against Tunisia, final score 6: 1, 7th, 40th, 42nd (also the last two goals in the 2nd half)
  • Ferenc Bene , Hungary on October 11, 1964 against Morocco, final score 6: 0, 70th, 74th, 78th, (87th) minute (also the goals to 1: 0 and 2: 0 in the 13th and 38th minute) Minute)
  • Ibrahim Riyadh , Egypt on October 16, 1964 against South Korea, final score 10: 0, 14th, 17th, 40th minute (also the goals to 4: 0, 8: 0 and 9: 0)
  • Ahmed Faras , Morocco against Malaysia on August 31, 1972, final score 6-0, 19th, 21st, 25th minutes
  • Oleh Blochin , USSR against Mexico on September 1, 1972, final score 4: 1, 7th, 13th, 14th minute
  • Bebeto , Brazil against Portugal on August 2, 1996, final score 5: 0, 47th, 54th (penalty), 75th minute
  • Cristiane , Brazil against Nigeria on August 12, 2008, final score 3: 1, 33rd, 35th, 45th + 3 minutes
  • Erick Gutiérrez , Mexico on August 7, 2016 against Fiji, 48th, 55th, 58th minute (also the goal for the 5-1 final score in the 73rd minute)

European championships

The first and so far only hat trick at a European Championship was achieved by Michel Platini , for France, on June 19, 1984 in the group game against Yugoslavia with goals in the 59th, 61st and 76th minutes.

German championship

In the Bundesliga there has been (as of 7 April 2019) 108 hat-tricks. So, statistically, a hat trick has been achieved every 160 games.

Otto Geisert from Karlsruher SC scored the first hat trick on October 5, 1963 in the Bundesliga match at 1. FC Nürnberg between the 55th and 90th minute of the game and was thus instrumental in the 4-2 away win for Karlsruhe.

Dieter Müller ( 1. FC Köln ) scored six goals in one game against Werder Bremen in August 1977 . Müller scored the 1-0, the 2-0 and the 3-0 in the first half; in the second half he scored three more goals.

Dieter Hoeneß even managed the feat on February 25, 1984 in the Bundesliga match FC Bayern Munich against Eintracht Braunschweig , scoring five goals in a row in one half (final score 6: 0). He scored three times between the 68th and 76th minute.

Robert Lewandowski also scored five goals in a row in the Bundesliga match between Bayern Munich and VfL Wolfsburg (final score 5: 1) on September 22, 2015. He scored all five goals between the 51st and 60th minute of the game. He scored three goals within 3:22 minutes; thus he holds the record for the fastest hat trick in Bundesliga history.

Róbert Vittek from 1. FC Nürnberg is the first player to score six goals in two consecutive games in the German Bundesliga without conceding a goal in the meantime. On March 11, 2006, he shot the first hat trick of the 2005/06 season against 1. FC Köln within 16 minutes and thus set the "6-goal record". Nürnberg won the game 4: 3.

Conny Pohlers also managed to score a total of six goals in a row in two consecutive league games for her club 1. FFC Turbine Potsdam in the 2005/06 season without conceding a goal in the meantime: On December 7, 2005, Pohlers scored in 86. Minute the 7: 1 against SC 07 Bad Neuenahr , and on December 11, 2005 all five goals followed in the 0: 5 away win at the women's team of FC Bayern Munich , where they scored a hat trick in the second half.

The Finn Joel Pohjanpalo from Bayer 04 Leverkusen managed the 100th hat-trick in Bundesliga history on September 10, 2016 against Hamburger SV in the 2016/17 season . In the second half (79th, 91st and 94th minutes) he scored the only three goals of the Leverkusen team as a joker, so that the team could still achieve a 3-1 win.

The Frenchman Anthony Modeste from 1. FC Köln managed the special feat of rehabilitating himself after a penalty that was just missed in the 1st half with three goals in the 2nd half (61st, 81st and 86th minutes) and thus the 3rd : To seal the 0 victory of his team against the Hamburg sports club, which has been weakened by 10 players.

Play with two hat tricks

In the game between the English Amateurs and France on November 1, 1906, the English players Vivian Woodward and Stanley Harris each achieved a hat trick in a 15-0 win. Harris scored his goals in the 49th, 51st and 57th minutes and Woodward in the 63rd, 65th and 73rd minutes.

On September 14, 1980, Frank Mill and Matthias Herget in the jersey of Rot-Weiss Essen succeeded in the game against Holstein Kiel in the second division north, each achieving a hat trick. Mill scored goals in the 9th, 25th and 30th minutes. Herget's goals came in the 57th, 65th and 85th minutes. The additional specialty of Herget's hat trick was that it only consisted of penalties. The game ended 6-0, so apart from the two hat tricks there were no goals.

In the game between FC Sion and FC Basel (final score 8: 1) on July 4, 2001 in what was then National League A in Switzerland , the player Poueys Julien managed a hat-trick with goals in the 55th, 59th and 62nd minutes. The player was substituted in the 63rd minute and replaced by the player Ojong Samuel, who also scored a hat trick in minutes 79th, 81st and 86th.

Player with two hat tricks in one game

Internationally, on October 22, 1908 , Sophus Nielsen scored two hat-tricks in the game Denmark against France with goals in the 3rd, 4th and 6th minutes as well as in the 46th, 48th and 52nd minutes to 3-0 and 9-1 respectively. Overall, he scored 10 goals in the 17-1 win.

In the game Mexico against Martinique (9-0) for the CONCACAF Gold Cup on July 11, 1993, Mexican center forward Luis Roberto Alves also managed two flawless hat tricks in one game. In the first half, Alves shot his team 3-0 ahead between the 10th and 38th minutes; his team-mate Ramón Ramírez scored the 4-0 in the 40th minute. Between the 53rd and 88th minute, Alves scored four goals in a row (Quattrick) ; the game ended after a goal from Juan Hernández (89th minute) with 9-0.

After all, Archie Thompson even managed two hat-tricks in one half in the World Cup qualifier Australia - American Samoa on April 11, 2001 (27th, 29th and 32nd minutes and 37th, 42nd and 45th minutes). In total, he scored 13 goals in the 31-0 win.

In Germany, Dieter Müller from 1. FC Köln scored six goals in the Bundesliga game against Werder Bremen (final score 7: 2) on August 17, 1977 , three in the first and three in the second half.

The 19-year-old Osnabrück player Viktor Braininger managed two flawless hat tricks in one game in the league game VfL Osnabrück II against VfB Lübeck II on November 17, 2007: The 3-0 half-time lead of Osnabrück was achieved by himself within ten minutes (11th / 17./21.). After Lübeck scored a goal at the beginning of the second half and Nico Frommer was able to expand to 4-1 for VfL, Viktor Braininger scored another hat trick (62nd / 74th / 79th). The game ended 7-2.

On February 21, 2016, the Hanoverian Gerrit Peterat managed to score a total of six goals in the 8-1 away win against OSC Bremerhaven as SV Grohn player on the 18th matchday of the Bremen League (football) . Peterat scored three goals within the first 20 minutes (7th / 16th / 19th) and prepared the 4-0 for Steffen Züdel . After the goal by Ruben Kemper , Gerrit Peterat increased with his second hat trick (65th / 78th / 83rd) for SV Grohn. The game ended 8: 1 for SV Grohn.

Player with three hat tricks in one game

Chinese national player Wang Shanshan scored a triple hat-trick in the 16-0 win over Tajikistan at the 2018 Asian Games on August 20, 2018 .

The fastest hat tricks

The Swede Magnus Arvidsson holds the world record for the fastest hat trick with 89 seconds. He succeeded in this feat in November 1995 with the then Swedish second division club IFK Hässleholm and earned an entry in the Guinness Book of Records .

The Mexican Pablo González Saldaña scored one of the fastest hat tricks right at the start of the game on June 4, 1944 for Deportivo Guadalajara in a cup game against Club León . With his goals in the first, fifth and eighth minute, González had already set the course for the later 8-2 success of his team, to which he had contributed a total of six goals.

Michael Tönnies scored one of the fastest hat tricks in German professional football (1st and 2nd Bundesliga and 3rd league ) on August 27, 1991 (6th matchday of the 1991/92 Bundesliga season) for MSV Duisburg against Karlsruher SC in 11 ., 12th and 16th minutes of the game, so in just five minutes. Tönnies also scored the 5: 1 and the 6: 2 final score. In the goal stood the then 22-year-old Oliver Kahn . Helmut Hampl , who was only substituted in the 77th minute on August 20, 1983 (2nd Bundesliga, 4th matchday, 1983/84 season) was even faster than he was three times to the 1: 3 final in the game against 1. FC Saarbrücken KSV Hessen Kassel (78th, 79th and 82nd minute) scored. Gerd Müller also needed four minutes on June 7, 1975 (33rd matchday, 1974/75 season) in the 6-5 defeat of his FC Bayern Munich at Fortuna Düsseldorf with three goals in the 38th, 40th and 42nd minute of the game. However, Werner Kriegler scored a goal for Düsseldorf in the 41st minute of the game, so Müller's performance was only a hat trick from an English perspective. Robert Lewandowski has held the Bundesliga hat-trick record since the Bundesliga match FC Bayern Munich against VfL Wolfsburg (final score 5: 1) on September 22, 2015, when he scored five goals between the 51st and 60th minute of the game, three of them within 3:22 minutes.

Jacek Janiak ( VfL Osnabrück ) scored all three goals within four minutes (42nd, 43rd and 45th minutes) against Holstein Kiel in the Regionalliga Nord on October 15, 1999 .

On May 16, 2015, Southampton FC's Sadio Mané scored a hat trick in 176 seconds (minutes 13, 14 and 16) against Aston Villa, setting a new record for the fastest hat trick in a league game in the Premier League.

Inka Grings scored the fastest hat tricks in German women's football, as evidenced by match reports . On February 8, 2004, Grings scored three goals in a row for the German women's team in the European Championship qualifier Portugal against Germany between the 68th and 72nd minute of the game. In total, she contributed five goals to the 11-0 final score. She also only needed five minutes for her hat trick (31st, 33rd and 35th minutes) on February 27, 2005 in the women's Bundesliga match between SC 07 Bad Neuenahr and FCR 2001 Duisburg , which ended 8-0. In addition, she scored three more hits.

The fastest hat-trick in a men's international match for two and a half years until June 13, 2015 was the three goals by Australian Archie Thompson in a 9-0 win against Guam in qualifying for the 2013 East Asian Cup , which he won on December 7, 2012 according to FIFA 59th, 63rd and 65th minutes scored, so within six minutes. According to the Australian association, however, it was nine minutes. Then on June 13, 2015 , Robert Lewandowski scored a hat trick 2 minutes faster in the qualifying game for the 2016 European Championship against Georgia : 89th, 90th + 1 and 90th + 3 minutes.

The fastest hat trick in a women's international match was scored by Swiss Fabienne Humm in Switzerland's 10-1 win against Ecuador in the preliminary round of the 2015 Women's World Cup in Vancouver on June 12, 2015. Her goals in Switzerland's first World Cup victory came within just five Minutes in the 47th, 49th and 52nd minute.

Hockey and ice hockey

In hockey and ice hockey, a hat-trick generally counts when a player scores three goals in a single game - three goals in a row are called a natural hat-trick . The NHL also has the term Gordie Howe hat trick (named after ice hockey player Gordie Howe ) when a player scores a goal and an assist in a single game and has to serve a major bench penalty (5-minute) for a brawl.

The name has trick has an additional meaning in ice hockey (at least in North America): The fans celebrate such an event by throwing their headgear (if any) onto the playing surface.

Motorsport

In motorsport , reaching pole position , driving the fastest race lap and winning the same race is referred to as a hat trick, sometimes also as a triple . Michael Schumacher leads this ranking in Formula 1 , he managed 22 hat tricks in his career.

Various databases also keep statistics for teams, engines and tires.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Merriam Webster: "Has a trick". (No longer available online.) Britannica.com, formerly the original ; accessed on April 14, 2018 .  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www. britica.com
  2. ↑ Der Spiegel : English Football Vocabulary: Hat Trick for the Queen.
  3. ↑ “ It came into use after HH Stephenson took three wickets in three balls for the all-England eleven against the twenty-two of Hallam at the Hyde Park ground, Sheffield in 1858. A collection was held for Stephenson (as was customary for outstanding feats by professionals) and he was presented with a cap or hat bought with the proceeds. ”( Extended Oxford English Dictionary 1999 Edition , German:“ The term came into use after HH Stephenson in 1858 in a game for the "All-England Eleven" against a selection of 22 players from Hallem on the Hyde Park Ground in Sheffield with three Balls reached three wickets in a row. A collection was then made for Stephenson (as was the custom at that time after outstanding performance by professional players). A cap or hat was purchased from this income and presented to him. ")
  4. ↑ FIFA.com: 2010 FIFA World Cup South Africa ™ - Superlatives Statistical Kit 5 (Status as of before the 2010 FIFA World Cup ™), page 10 (PDF; 336 kB)
  5. ↑ spiegel.de
  6. ↑ koeln.de
  7. ↑ sueddeutsche.de
  8. ↑ zeit.de
  9. ↑ 01/11/1906 Equipe de France A - Amical Parc des Princes Paris - 1500 spectateurs ( Memento of July 28, 2012 in the Internet Archive )
  10. ↑ 22/10/1908 Equipe de France A - White City Londres - 1000 spectateurs ( Memento from July 29, 2012 in the Internet Archive )
  11. ↑ weltfussball.de: Chinese achieves triple hat trick at Asian Games
  12. ↑ Tajikistan vs. China PR 0 - 16
  13. ^ The Mexican season 1943/44 at RSSSF
  14. ↑ Match statistics 1. FC Saarbrücken - KSV Hessen Kassel 1: 3 (1: 0)
  15. ↑ zeit.de
  16. ↑ Southampton's Mane makes history with its lightning hat trick
  17. ↑ Hattrick in five minutes: World record for Thompson ( Memento from June 15, 2015 in the Internet Archive )
  18. ↑ The Australian Association names the 58th, 61st and 67th minutes as the time of the goals. Archive link ( Memento from April 11, 2013 in the Internet Archive )
  19. ^ Three- packs by Ronaldo and Lewandowski
  20. ↑ Switzerland drops records, Japan reaches the next round ( Memento from June 15, 2015 in the Internet Archive )
  21. ↑ nhl.com, Going inside the "Gordie Howe Hat Trick"