Elías Lafertte Gaviño
Elías Lafertte Gaviño (born December 19, 1886 in Salamanca , Coquimbo Province , † February 17, 1961 in Santiago de Chile ) was a personality of the Chilean labor movement. He was a co-founder and chairman of the Communist Party of Chile .
Life
Lafertte Gaviño was already working in a saltpeter mine at the age of eleven. In 1911 he met Luis Emilio Recabarren . With him and other members of the Democratic Party ( Spanish Partido Demócrata ) Lafertte Gaviño founded the Socialist Workers' Party ( Spanish Partido Obrero Socialista ) in June 1912 , which was renamed the Communist Party of Chile ( Spanish Partido Comunista de Chile ) in 1922.
He was imprisoned for the first time after a strike in Antofagasta in 1914. In 1917 he worked for La Vanguardia (The Avant-garde) in Valparaíso . Since 1923 member of the board, Lafertte Gaviño was treasurer of the union Federación Obrera de Chile (FOCh) from 1924 to 1926 , from 1926 its general secretary (confirmed in 1931 and 1933). In 1929 he was elected to the Central Committee and in 1936 to the Politburo of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Chile. During the dictatorship of Carlos Ibáñez del Campo (1927-1931) Lafertte Gaviño was arrested and banished several times (1927 to Isla Más Afuera , 1930 to Easter Island and in the south of the country to Calbuco, Chiloé ). In 1927, 1931 and 1932 he was a presidential candidate of the Communist Party. From 1939 to 1961 he was chairman of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Chile. From 1937 to 1953 he was a member of the Senate for Tarapacá and Antofagasta .
Lafertte Gaviño wrote the autobiography La vida de un comunista . Lafertte Gaviño is also the protagonist of the novel Hijo del salitre (Son of Saltpeter, 1952) by Volodia Teitelboim . With the poem Corona para mi maestro (wreath for my teacher), Pablo Neruda wrote a homage to Lafertte Gaviño, which he recited at his funeral.
literature
- Article Elías Lafertte Gaviño in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia (BSE) , 3rd edition 1969–1978 (Russian)
- Olga Ulianova, Alfredo Riquelme Segovia (eds.): Chile en los archivos soviéticos 1922–1991 . Volume 2: Comintern y Chile 1931-1935 . Lom Ediciónes, Santiago de Chile 2009, p. 25 and passim.
- Elías Lafertte Gaviño: La vida de un comunista (Páginas Autobiográficas). SANTIAGO DE CHILE 1961. ( online (part 1) ); ( online part 2 )
Web links
- Elías Lafertte Gaviño, Fundador del Partido Obrero Socialista on the Biografía de Chile page(Spanish)
- Short biography on the website of the Communist Party of Chile (Spanish)
- Short biography on the website of the Portal del socialismo chileno (Spanish)
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Lafertte Gaviño, Elías |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Lafertte, Elías |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Chilean politician and trade unionist |
| DATE OF BIRTH | December 19, 1886 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Salamanca (Chile) |
| DATE OF DEATH | 17th February 1961 |
| Place of death | Santiago de Chile |