Elephant pharmacy (Memmingen)
The Elefantenapotheke is a listed building in the Upper Swabian town of Memmingen in Bavaria . The pharmacy has been located in the rooms of the 12th century building, which probably used to house the Curia , since 1845.
location
The house stands at the eastern exit of the Welfenstadt and forms the eastern end of the herb market . The former Kreuzherrenkloster adjoins to the east, where the Apothekengässle runs south between the pharmacy and the neighboring Fugger-Booser-Haus .
Building description
The elephant pharmacy is a three-story corner house with a hipped roof , which consists of seven to four axes. The basement with about two meters thick walls is probably the remainder of the city wall that ran there in the 12th century. The ground floor is divided by arched windows and doors. Two of these doors on the west and north sides lead to the pharmacy's sales rooms. The house entrance is at the eastern end of the north facade. There are small rectangular lattice windows on the upper floors. An octagonal bay window adorns the north-western corner of the house. It has a tall, narrow window on each of the six sides at the level of the second floor. The also octagonal tent roof , from which a rod with a ball protrudes, is made of copper. To the east of the building is a walled garden plot.
history
The house was built in the 12th century. At that time it was still within the old Guelph city on the city wall. Parts of the basement and the garden wall date from this time. The house was the seat of Ammann and could have been a forerunner of the town hall . In 1299 the Ministerial and Ammann Konrad Motz lived in the property, in which documents were also signed by the lords, abbots and ministerials, so that one can assume that there were representative rooms there. The house was first mentioned in documents in 1394, when it was owned by the Fainagg family from Ulm .
Large parts of the house date from the 16th century. On the first floor there is a room with wall paneling from around 1560 and a fireplace. The Memmingen patrician David Wachter acquired the house in 1716, which remained in the family until 1845. In 1826, the investor Tobias Eberhart and the pharmacist Franz Appinger submitted an application to the city council to establish a pharmacy in house number 190. The request was rejected. The application made eleven years later by pharmacist F. Mayr and that by pharmacist Julius Rehm in 1842 also received no approval. Rehm was not discouraged, however, and in 1845 submitted another application, which the city council approved. The pharmacist bought the house of the Wachter family and set up the elephant pharmacy there. After his death, his sons continued to run the pharmacy until 1893 and then sold them to the pharmacist Frickhinger. In 1894 he had the medieval facade redesigned in the style of historicism with elements of neoclassicism . The Memminger Zeitung wrote in 1894: "... in the noblest Renaissance style, with tower and bay window ...". Almost the entire outer wall from the first floor was demolished, only the basement and ground floor and the roof remained. The bay window in the western corner of the north facade was also removed. The hipped roof received several dormers . The windows of the first floor were segment and triangle gables provided. The west facade received a balcony on the first floor, the northwest corner a new bay window. Pharmacist Frickhinger sold the house with the pharmacy license in 1899 to Karl zum Tobel. Three years later the property went to Fritz Rauch, whose heirs are still the owners of the house. In 1916, Dr. Rauch, who manufactured folk remedies and sold them in southern Germany. From 1916 to 1918, various pharmacists managed the pharmacy on a temporary basis. Pharmacist Karl Fischer received the license in 1919, but died that same year. His colleague, the pharmacist Heinz Wagner, continued to run the pharmacy until 1931, then leased it and ran it until the beginning of the Second World War . The widow of the pharmacist Fischers leased the pharmacy to Otto Widenmayer in 1939. In 1950 he had the house rebuilt. He doubled the sales area, had the entrance door relocated and two new round arch openings for shop windows created on the west side. The modernization of 1894, which in 1929 was already considered "not very advantageous under the simple surroundings", was reversed in 1962. Only the bay window was preserved in a simple form. The home nurse and city councilor Walter Braun wrote: "We are very grateful for the radical renewal ...". The pharmacist Jochen Bohn leased the pharmacy in 1972, had the interior expanded in 1983 and further renovations carried out in 1992. His son is the tenant of the premises and continues to run the pharmacy.
owner
The house belonged to some well-known Memmingen patrician families , in the 14th century the Fainagg, then the Neidhart, Ehinger, Hyrus Engler, Zoller, Ruepprecht and Wachter families (1416–1845). From 1845 to 1899 the house belonged to the pharmacist Frickhinger, then to the pharmacist Karl zum Tobel. In 1902 Fritz Rauch acquired the pharmacy, whose descendants still own the building today.
literature
- Tilmann Breuer: City and District of Memmingen . Bavarian art monuments. Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich 1959, p. 40 .
- Jochen Bohn: 150 years of Elefanten-Apotheke Memmingen . Memmingen 1995 (printing: Memminger Zeitung Verlagsdruckerei GmbH).
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Joachim Jahn : From the Guelph market settlement to the imperial city. Memmingen in the Middle Ages up to the middle of the 14th century. In: ders .: The history of the city of Memmingen. From the beginning to the end of the imperial city. Theiss, Stuttgart 1997, ISBN 3-8062-1315-1 , pp. 75–161, here p. 95.
- ^ Joachim Jahn: From the Guelph market settlement to the imperial city. Memmingen in the Middle Ages up to the middle of the 14th century. In: ders .: The history of the city of Memmingen. From the beginning to the end of the imperial city. Theiss, Stuttgart 1997, ISBN 3-8062-1315-1 , pp. 75–161, here p. 115.
- ↑ Dehio, Bayern III: Schwaben, page 719
- ↑ Memmingen - when the world still seemed whole. Maximilian-Dietrich, Memmingen 1987, ISBN 3-87164-122-7 , p. 41; Memmingen - in the oldest photographs. Maximilian-Dietrich, Memmingen 1987, ISBN 3-87164-125-1 , p. 25.
- ^ Julius Miedel : Guide through Memmingen and the surrounding area. 3rd, revised edition. Publishing and printing cooperative, Memmingen 1929, p. 108 f.
- ↑ Internet presence of the elephant pharmacy. Retrieved December 26, 2010 .
- ^ Julius Miedel: Guide through Memmingen and the surrounding area. 3rd, revised edition. Publishing and printing cooperative, Memmingen 1929, p. 109.
- ↑ 150 Years of the Elephant Pharmacy , p. 3.
Coordinates: 47 ° 59 ′ 9.8 ″ N , 10 ° 10 ′ 56.4 ″ E