Elophila
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| Huebner , 1822 |
Elophila is a genus of butterflies from the family of Crambiden (Crambidae).
features
The moths of the genus have clearly pronounced ocelles . The antennae of the males are scaly on the top and ciliate on the underside. The maxillary palps are short. The trunk is rolled up and moderately long. There are protruding scales on the underside of the labial palps . The legs are relatively long. The coxa of the foreleg is about the same length as the femur . On the fore wing, the R 2 vein arises directly from the cell , but it appears to be petiolate because it is very close to the trunk of R 3 + R 4 . The base of the wire M 1 is closer to R 5 than to M 2 , CuP is missing. On the hind wing, M 1 is exposed and is only connected to the trunk of SC + R 1 + RS by a cross vein . In females, the frenulum consists of three bristles. The praecinctorium is bilobed distally . The costal edge of the Valven is covered with more or less strong bristles. There are cornuti on the phallus. In females, the colliculum is indistinct and the ductus bursae often has heavily sclerotized areas. The seminal duct is wide and forms a sack to the corpus bursae . There are usually no signs on the corpus bursae, only rarely one or two signs are formed.
The caterpillars have no tracheal gills .
distribution
The species of the genus are widespread in the Holarctic and are also found in the Afrotropic , Oriental and Australis . A few species are native to the Neotropic .
biology
The caterpillars first mine on the leaves of aquatic plants. They later feed on the leaves and live in leaf housings that consist of two oval plant parts.
Systematics
The following synonyms are known:
- Hydrocampus Berthold [in Latreille], 1827
- Hydrocampa Stephens , 1829
- Hydrocampe Latreille , 1829
- Synclita Lederer , 1863
- Munroessa Lange , 1956
- Cyrtograms Yoshiyasu , 1985
The type species of the genus is Elophila nymphaealis .
The following list of species is based on the GloBiz database and has been supplemented with additional literature. The type locality is given in brackets.
- Elophila acornutus Agassiz , 2012 (Uganda, Kampala)
- Elophila africalis ( Hampson , 1906) (Nyasaland, Chiromo)
- Elophila aristodora ( Turner , 1908) (Australia, Queensland, Brisbane)
- Elophila atlantica ( Munroe , 1972) (Canada, Nova Scotia, Round Hill)
- Elophila bourgognei Leraut , 2001 (France, Vienne, Usson-du-Poitou)
- Elophila difflualis ( Snellen , 1880) (Sulawesi, Celebes, Makassar)
- Elophila ealensis ( Agassiz , 2012) (Democratic Republic of the Congo, Tshuapa Province, Eala)
- Elophila ekthlipsis ( Grote , 1876) (USA, New York, Albany; Canada, Ontario, Middlesex, London)
- Elophila faulalis ( Walker , 1859)
- Elophila feili Speidel , 2002 (Spain, Seville, El Ronquillo)
- Elophila fengwhanalis ( Pryer , 1877) (Feng Whan Shan)
- Elophila fluvialis ( Schaus , 1912) (Costa Rica, Sixola)
- Elophila fulvalis ( Hampson , 1899) (Brazil, Castro Parana)
- Elophila gurgitalis ( Lederer , 1863) (Venezuela)
- Elophila gyralis ( Hulst , 1886) (USA, Georgia; Florida)
- Elophila icciusalis ( Walker , 1859) (USA)
- Elophila interruptalis ( Pryer , 1877) (China, Shanghai)
- Elophila manilensis ( Hampson , 1917) (Philippines, Manila)
- Elophila maralis ( Schaus , 1920) (Cuba, Matanzas)
- Elophila melagynalis ( Agassiz , 1978) (Sri Lanka, Colombo)
- Elophila melanolepis ( Hampson , 1919) (Peru, Río Pacaya )
- Elophila minima Agassiz , 2012 (Nigeria, Oyo State, Gamburi Forest)
- Elophila minimalis ( Saalmüller , 1880) (Madagascar)
- Elophila miurai Yoshiyasu , 1985
- Elophila nebulosalis ( Fernald , 1887)
- Elophila nigralbalis ( Caradja , 1925) (China, Guangdong, Lianping)
- Elophila nigrolinealis ( Pryer , 1877) (China, Shanghai)
- Elophila nuda Chen, Wu & Xue , 2010 (China, Yunnan)
- Elophila nymphaeata ( Linnaeus , 1758)
- Elophila obliteralis ( Walker , 1859) (USA)
- Elophila occidentalis ( Lange , 1956) (USA, California, Yolo County, Elkhorn Ferry)
- Elophila orientalis ( Filipjev , 1933) (Russia)
- Elophila palliolatalis ( Swinhoe , 1890) (Myanmar, Rangoon)
- Elophila radiospinula Chen, Wu & Xue , 2010 (China, Sichuan)
- Elophila responsalis ( Walker , 1866) (Australia, Moreton Bay)
- Elophila rivulalis ( Duponchel , 1833) (France, Corsica)
- Elophila roesleri Speidel , 1984 (China, Yunnan, Lijiang)
- Elophila rosetta ( Meyrick , 1938) (Indonesia, Java, Yogyakarta)
- Elophila separatalis ( Leech , 1889) (Wonsan)
- Elophila sinicalis ( Hampson , 1897) (China, Chekiang)
- Elophila tenebralis ( Lower , 1902) (Australia, Queensland)
- Elophila tinealis ( Munroe , 1972) (USA, Monroe County, New York)
- Elophila turbata ( Butler , 1881) (Japan, Yokohama)
supporting documents
- ↑ a b c d e Barry Goater, Matthias Nuss, Wolfgang Speidel: Pyraloidea I (Crambidae, Acentropinae, Evergestinae, Heliothelinae, Schoenobiinae, Scopariinae) . In: P. Huemer, O. Karsholt, L. Lyneborg (eds.): Microlepidoptera of Europe . 1st edition. tape 4 . Apollo Books, Stenstrup 2005, ISBN 87-88757-33-1 , pp. 41 (English).
- ↑ Global Information System on Pyraloidea (GlobIZ). Retrieved October 11, 2012 .
- ↑ Fuqiang Chen, Chunsheng Wu, Dayong Xue (2010): A review of the genus Elophila Hübner, 1822 in China (Lepidoptera: Crambidae: Acentropinae). Aquatic Insects 32 (1): pp. 35-60
- ^ Agassiz (2012): The Acentropinae (Lepidoptera: Pyraloidea: Crambidae) of Africa. Zootaxa 3494: page 1-73
Web links
- Elophila at Fauna Europaea. Retrieved October 12, 2012