Elstar

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Elstar
Elstar three.jpg
Art Cultivated apple ( Malus domestica )
origin Wageningen , Netherlands
Institute Institute for Horticultural Plant Breeding, Wageningen
Breeding year 1955
Launch 1975
ancestry

Cross of
Golden Delicious × Ingrid Marie

List of apple varieties
View of the fruit

Elstar is a cultivar of the cultivated apple ( Malus domestica ). Elstar was bred in 1955 in the Netherlands at the Institute for Horticultural Plant Breeding in Wageningen and entered in the stud book in 1972. The cultivation of Golden Delicious and Ingrid Marie is the apple variety that was most commonly grown in Germany in 2012.

description

Elstar is an aromatic and juicy, finely sour apple variety with yellowish-white pulp .

Cultivation

In terms of yield and susceptibility to disease and pests, Elstar is advantageous and comparatively resistant. Nevertheless, it is susceptible to apple scab and is highly susceptible to powdery mildew and collar rot . The tendency to alternate is often not easy to control. The apple prefers cooler climates.

Harvest is from the beginning to the end of September. The apple only needs a short growing season; in cold stores it can be kept until around the end of November, in CA stores until February. Elstar is ready for consumption immediately after harvest.

Mutants

Red Elstar mutants PCP and van der Grift

The most common red Elstar mutant is Elshof. PCP (Peter and Christa Palm) is increasingly being used for new plantings.

Red Elstar and Elshof are more intense in color than the basic shape with streaky transitions, while Red Flame is almost entirely red. These are mainly grown under hail nets .

Allergies

According to a study by the German Allergy and Asthma Association , many apple allergy sufferers often react to younger apple varieties such as Elstar , Jonagold or Golden Delicious with allergic reactions such as tingling and swelling of the lips and itching in the mouth and throat. In extreme cases, it can also lead to shortness of breath and asthma attacks . The symptoms are particularly common in people who are also allergic to pollen from birch , alder and hazel . A certain protein found in apples is responsible for this so - called cross allergy . It's called Mal d 1 , after Malus domestica, the scientific name of the cultivated apple , and is so similar to a protein in birch pollen that the body's immune system cannot tell the two proteins apart and therefore responds to both with an allergic reaction.

In breeding

At the end of the 20th / beginning of the 21st century, Elstar was used comparatively often in the breeding of scab-resistant apple varieties. For example, crossing the Elstar and Priscilla varieties resulted in the new Santana variety . Dalinbel was created by crossing it with a cultivar in France .

Web links

Commons : Elstar  - collection of images, videos and audio files

literature

  • Willi Votteler: Directory of apple and pear varieties , Obst- und Gartenbauverlag, Munich 1993, ISBN 3-87596-086-6 , p. 125.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Bavarian State Institute for Horticulture and Viticulture: Apple - newer and proven varieties for commercial cultivation ( Memento from February 17, 2013 in the web archive archive.today )
  2. ↑ a b J. E. Jackson: The Biology of Apples and Pears Cambridge University Press ISBN 1139437054 , p. 43
  3. ^ Gerhard Baab: Elstar. Still a star with new mutants . In: European Fruit Magazine . tape 32 , no. 8 , 2011 ( PDF ).
  4. ↑ The apple season has started, German Allergy and Asthma Association, September 2011
  5. ↑ Old apple varieties help with Allergy Kölnische Rundschau from October 11, 2011