Emil of Skramlik
Emil Ritter von Skramlik (born September 8, 1886 in Prague , † December 20, 1970 in Berlin ) was an Austro-German physiologist . His extensive physiological work on the senses is still relevant today.
Life
Skramlik comes from a well-known family in Prague. His grandfather, Emilián Ritter von Skramlik, was mayor of Prague from 1876 to 1882.
He studied medicine at the University of Prague from 1905 to 1910 and obtained his doctorate in medicine in 1911. Then he was assistant to privy councilor Otto Frank at the Physiological Institute of the University of Munich and then from 1912 to privy councilor Johannes von Kries at the University of Freiburg . During the First World War , von Skramlik served as a landstorm doctor with the German troops. In 1919 he received German citizenship. In 1920 Skramlik completed his habilitation and became a private lecturer at the University of Freiburg. In 1923 he was appointed associate professor there. In 1927 he was appointed full professor and director of the Physiological Institute at the University of Jena . In 1932 he was elected a member of the Leopoldina . In 1950 he moved to the Humboldt University in Berlin , where he was appointed professor of physiology in 1951. He held this position until his retirement in 1953. After that he was still associated with the institute for a while and supervised doctoral students in his field. After moving from East to West Berlin a few weeks before the Wall was built in 1961, he continued his research on the physiological issues of ants until his death.
Skramlik was married twice and had three daughters.
plant
Emil von Skramlik was an extremely productive researcher and teacher. He has published four monographs , over 200 scientific publications and 25 educational films in his field. He was a member of various academic associations. An award worth 3000 euros for exceptional performance in the field of olfactory perception is named after him (von Skramlik award) . In Berlin he founded the Pavlov Society, of which he was chairman.
Skramlik was among the founders of modern physiology. His pioneering work includes work in the fields of the comparative physiology of the heart and the physiology of the lower senses. His scientific work covers a large area of the physiology of the sensory tools, internal organs, and the physiology of the heart and circulation. There is also work on serology and the effects of tobacco and its poisonous components on the human and animal organism.
Studies on the sense of taste deal with types of taste and taste thresholds of various salts . He showed that you can make mixtures from four basic components (sweet, sour, salty and bitter) or two or three of them, which perfectly match the different tastes of the salts. He found that there are no basic components in the sense of smell . He demonstrated phenomena of mutual oppression at certain concentration levels.
Publications (selection)
His main works include four monographs:
- Manual of the Physiology of the Lower Senses. Thieme, Leipzig 1926, 532 pages.
- Instructions for the internship at the Physiological Institute of the Thuringian State University of Jena. Fischer, Jena 1928.
- Heart muscle and extra stimuli. Fischer, Jena 1932.
- Psychophysiology of the senses of touch (= archive for the entire psychology. Supplementary volume 4). 2 parts. Akademische Verlagsgesellschaft, Leipzig 1937, 935 pages.
There are also around 200 scientific publications in anthologies and specialist journals.
literature
- Heiko Drews: Life and work of the physiologist Emil Ritter von Skramlik (1886-1970) . Dissertation, Medical Faculty of the Humboldt University of Berlin, 2004.
- Hans Lemberg et al. (Ed.): Biographical lexicon for the history of the Bohemian countries . Vol. 4, Collegium Carolinum, Munich 2005, p. 101.
- Martin Grunwald : Human Haptic Perception . Leipzig 2008, pp. 31-39.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Hans Lemberg et al. (Ed.): Biographical lexicon for the history of the Bohemian countries . Vol. IV, Collegium Carolinum, Munich 2005, p. 101.
- ↑ Heiko Drews: Life and work of the physiologist Emil Ritter von Skramlik (1886-1970) . Dissertation, Medical Faculty of the Humboldt University of Berlin, 2004.
- ↑ from Skramlik award ( Memento from February 2, 2010 in the Internet Archive )
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Skramlik, Emil von |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Skramlik, Emil Ritter von (full name) |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Austro-German physiologist |
| DATE OF BIRTH | September 8, 1886 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Prague |
| DATE OF DEATH | 20th December 1970 |
| Place of death | Berlin |