Emirate of Gwandu
The Gwandu (alternative names Gando or Igwandu ) was a historical kingdom of the Fulani in the area of present-day West African country Nigeria .
history
In the west of the greater Sudan landscape , it was east of Massina , on both banks of the Niger and in the south it reached to the mouth of the Benue . It consisted of several provinces that were loosely connected to each other. At the end of the 19th century it had an area of 203,309 km² and had an estimated five million inhabitants.
The individual parts of Gwandu were: The western half of the Kebbi landscape with the capital Gwandu and the town of Birnin Kebbi (other spelling Birni-n-Kebbi ), which fell into ruin around 1888 and was once the center of a powerful kingdom. Furthermore, the desert-like landscape of Aréoua , Saberma with a wide Natronthal, Dendima , a large part of Gwandurma and a small part of Borgu , a large part of Yoruba with the city of Ilorin , Jaurie and finally the landscape of Nupe , which at that time had a flourishing cotton industry. Gwandu was ruled by a sultan who was related to the Sultanate of Sokoto , but was subject to him.
In April 1895, the German colonial official Hans Gruner tried in vain to negotiate a protection treaty with Sultan dan Khalilu in order to incorporate Gwandu into German West Africa . From March 1903 the emirate was then part of the British Protectorate of Northern Nigeria .
List of the emirs of Gwandu
| 1817-1828 | Abdullahi dan Fodio | 1756-1828 |
| 1828-1833 | Muhamman Wani dan `Abd Allahi | † 1833 |
| 1833-1858 | Khalilu dan `Abd Allahi | † 1858 |
| 1858-1860 | Khaliru I dan `Abd Allahi | † 1860 |
| 1860-1864 | `Aliyu dan` Abd Allahi | † 1864 |
| 1864-1868 | `Abd al-Qadiri dan` Abd Allahi | † 1868 |
| 1868-1875 | Mustafa dan Muhamman | † 1875 |
| 1875-1876 | Hanafi dan Khalilu | † 1876 |
| 1876-1888 | Maliki dan Muhamman | † 1888 |
| 1888-1897 | `Umaru Bakatara dan Khalilu | † 1897 |
| 1897-1898 | `Abd Allahi Bayaro dan Muhamman | † 1898 |
| 1898 - May 1903 | Bayaro `Aliyu dan` Aliyu | † 1903 |
| May 1903 - March 1906 | Muhammadu dan `Aliyu | |
| March 1906 - March 1915 | Khaliru II dan `Abd al-Qadiri | † 1915 |
| March 1915 - Jan 1918 | Muhammadu Bashiru dan Khaliru | † 1918 |
| Jan 1918-1938 | `Usman dan Khaliru | † 1938 |
| 1938 - January 12, 1954 | Yahaya dan Khaliru | 1895-1954 |
| January 13, 1954-1995 | Muhammadu Haruna dan Muhammadu Bashiru | 1913-1995 |
| 1995-2005 | Mustafa Haruna Jokolo da Muhammadu Haruna |
literature
- WEN Kensdale: Art. "Gwandu" in The Encyclopaedia of Islam. New Edition Vol. II., Pp. 1144b-1146b.
Individual evidence
- ↑ After Peter Sebald a contract was concluded, but a longer text passage was subsequently removed in which dan Khalilu declared the independence of his country (Hans Gruner, Peter Sebald (ed.): Vormarsch zum Niger , Edition Ost, Berlin 1997, ISBN 3 -929161-07-9 , pp. 410f.).