Epimeria
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Original drawing of a female Epimeria parasitica by Michael Sars , 1859 |
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| Costa , 1851 |
Epimeria is a species within the order of the flea crabs (Amphipoda).
features
The genus Epimeria , which belongs to the subordination of the Gammaridea , stands out due to its particularly robust armor and its back keels and spines. The Epimeria species usually have a lively color with red and orange tones. There are innumerable variations, from irregular patches of color to striped patterns to uniform coloring of the entire body. Even within the individual species there is often a wide range of variation in the drawing that does not depend on age or gender. Both the spines and the color are interpreted as protection against predators. The colors and patterns that make these amphibians look gorgeous on the surface of the water could be used for camouflage in the depths of the ocean where they live. The red component of the light is quickly absorbed in sea water, the red and orange colors appear as dark to dark green from a depth of 20 meters. The spots and stripes can also prevent the fish from recognizing the crustaceans as prey. The characteristics of the armor and coloring are expressed in species names such as robusta , pulchra or puncticulata . The German species name Red Knight for Epimeria rubrieques also reflects these characteristics.
classification
De Broyer & Klages give in 1991 for Epimeria rubrieques , and thus also the genus Epimeria , as the family Paramphithoidae. The taxonomy within the suborder Gammaridea has since experienced some changes, so that the Paramphithoidae family is no longer used. The genus Epimeria is now classified in the family Epimeriidae , which belongs to the subordination of the Gammaridea .
species
In their description of Epimeria rubrieques in 1991, De Broyer & Klages give some species of the genus Epimeria that live in the Antarctic Ocean :
- Epimeria georgiana , Schellenberg 1931
- Epimeria grandisrostris , Chevreux 1912
- Epimeria inermis , Walker 1903
- Epimeria intermedia , Schellenberg 1931
- Epimeria macrodonta , Walker 1906
- Epimeria oxicarinata , Coleman 1990
- Epimeria pulchra , Coleman 1990
- Epimeria puncticulata , KH Barnard 1930
- Epimeria rimicarinata , Watling & Holman 1980
- Epimeria robusta , KH Barnard 1930
- Red Knight ( Epimeria rubrieques ), De Broyer & Klages, 1991
- Epimeria similis , Chevreux, 1912, e.g. T. as a variant of E. macrodonta viewed
- Epimeria yaquinae , McCain 1971
The Belgian portal for Antarctic creatures SCAR-MarBIN also lists the following Antarctic species for the genus:
- Epimeria annabellae , Coleman 1994
- Epimeria extensa , Andres 1985
- Epimeria heldi , Coleman 1998
- Epimeria monodon , Stephensen 1947
- Epimeria reoproi , Lörz & Coleman 2001
- Epimeria vaderi , Coleman 1998
In 2007 Lörz, Maas, Linse & Fenwick describe the new species Epimeria schiaparelli (closely related to Epimeria macrodonta and Epimeria similis ) and speak of 21 known species of Epimeria in Antarctica without naming them.
In the little explored Antarctica, where the genus Epimeria shows its greatest biodiversity, a presumably new, as yet undescribed species was recently discovered.
Other species live in the North Atlantic off Scandinavia and the British Isles :
- Epimeria cornigera , JC Fabricius 1779 (also Acanthonotus testudo or Acanthonotus owenii )
- Epimeria loricata , GO Sars 1879
- Epimeria parasitica , M. Sars 1859
- Epimeria tuberculata , GO Sars 1893
In April 2018, the description of a newly discovered Epimeria species ( Epimeria frankei ) in the North Sea was published.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ see also taxonomic classification of Paramphithoidae
- ↑ Classification of Epimeria under Epimeriidae , superfamily Eusiroidea
- ↑ Classification of Epimeria under Epimeriidae directly under Gammaridea ( Memento of the original from October 17, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ "A new Epimeria (Crustacea, Amphipoda, Paramphithoidae) from the Weddell Sea" by De Broyer and Klages in Antarctic Science , 3 1991, pp 159-166. Summary
- ↑ a b s. Description of Epimeria Schiaparelli (PDF; 256 kB)
- ↑ Epimeria at SCAR MarBIN
- ↑ report on a new type of Epimeria at National Geographic
- ↑ List of North Atlantic crustaceans ( memento of the original from July 21, 2018 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 646 kB) of the Tjärnö Marine Biological Laboratory
- Jump up ↑ Jan Beermann, Michael V. Westbury, Michael Hofreiter, Leon Hilgers, Fabian Deister, Hermann Neumann & Michael J. Raupach: Cryptic species in a well-known habitat: applying taxonomics to the amphipod genus Epimeria (Crustacea, Peracarida). Scientific Reports, Volume 8, Article number: 6893 (2018), doi: 10.1038 / s41598-018-25225-x
