Ernst Buschmann

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Ernst Buschmann (born November 8, 1914 in Solingen ; † January 31, 1996 in Koblenz ) was a German communist . During the Spanish Civil War , as a member of the International Brigades, he was chief of staff of the "Hans Beimler" battalion and from 1938 commander of the "Edgar André" battalion . He was a member of the Advisory State Assembly in Rhineland-Palatinate and the Rhineland-Palatinate State Parliament .

Life

He was born as the fourth child of a working-class family. As a ten-year-old he was already active in the workers 'children's movement and in a workers' sports club. After completing elementary school, he trained as a company electrician and joined the KJVD and the trade union in 1929 . In 1934 he became a member of the already illegal KPD , which is why he fled to Holland and then to the Soviet Union in February 1935. There he studied at the Lenin School in Moscow .

In March 1937 he went to Spain to support the Republic of Spain against the supporters and supporters of the putschists under General Francisco Franco . Soon after, he was appointed Chief of Staff of the Hans Beimler Battalion of the International Brigades . In April 1938 he became commander of the Edgar André battalion. In February 1939 he fled to France from advancing Spanish putschists and was imprisoned in the internment camp in St. Cyprien . From there he was transferred to the Le Vernet internment camp in May 1940 and to a special prison in Castres in November 1942 . From there he managed to escape on September 16, 1943 with 35 other political prisoners. He joined the Resistance in Lyon and became its coordinator with the movement “Free Germany” (CALPO). He worked closely with Ernst Melis , the editor of the illegal German newspapers for the disintegration work in the Wehrmacht, and organized their distribution via the CALPO network. He kept in touch with the Germans fighting in the FTP-MOI units. He was one of the fighters who liberated the city of Villeurbanne before the Allied invasion of Normandy .

In July 1945 he went back to Germany and took an active part in rebuilding the trade unions and the KPD. After the state elections in May 1947, he became parliamentary group leader of the KPD in the Rhineland-Palatinate state parliament . There he was also a member of the Legal, Rules of Procedure and Petitions Committee, Main Committee, Cultural Policy Committee, Economic and Transport Committee and Intermediate Committee. In 1950 Buschmann became chairman of the KPD Rhineland-Palatinate . He later moved to the GDR and returned to the Federal Republic in 1956.

In 1968 he participated in the founding of the DKP . He was also active until the end of his life in the organizations of Spain and Resistance fighters and in the association of those persecuted by the Nazi regime - Association of Antifascists (VVN). In 1977 he was elected chairman of the interest group of former German resistance fighters .

honors and awards

literature

  • The President of the Landtag Rhineland-Palatinate (ed.): The representatives of the free people: The members of the Consultative State Assembly and the Landtag Rhineland-Palatinate from 1946 to 2015, 2016, ISBN 3-658-04751-8 , pp. 109–111 .
  • Jonny Granzow: The breakout of the Spanish fighters from the secret prison in Castres: A historical report. edition bodoni, Berlin 2012, ISBN 978-3-940781-27-7 .

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Bushman, Ernst
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German politician (KPD), MdL
DATE OF BIRTH November 8, 1914
PLACE OF BIRTH Solingen
DATE OF DEATH January 31, 1996
Place of death Koblenz