Ernst Grysanowski

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Ernst Georg Friedrich Grysanowski (* 1824 in Königsberg ; † May 31, 1888 in Segromigno near Lucca ) was a German philosopher , surgeon , obstetrician and fighter against animal experiments .

Life

Ernst Grysanowski attended the Friedrichskolleg in his hometown until 1841 and then the University of Königsberg , where he obtained a doctorate in philosophy at the age of 21. In 1855 he received his doctorate in medicine as a surgeon and obstetrician. Around 1877 he withdrew from his medical practice and devoted himself exclusively to the movement against animal experiments (then: vivisection ), after having collected material on this topic for years. A friend, the writer Marie Espérance von Schwartz , gave him the decisive impetus when she presented him with the sketches of her novella Gemma, or Virtue and Vice , which deals with the brutality of vivisection. Ernst von Weber joined the two a little later , whose third book The Torture Chambers of Science (1879) spread like wildfire in educated circles and fueled public skepticism. Soon afterwards, the International Association for Combating Scientific Animal Torture was founded in Dresden, the first German antivivisectionist society, for whose central organ, the monthly Thier- und Menschenfreund , Magnus Schwantje wrote numerous articles from around 1900 .

Grysanowski's efforts were shaped by a Kantian ideal. Responsible people, free and reasonable, argued Grysanowski, are the strongest group in society and the only ones capable of imposing ethical restrictions on themselves. A society like ours, which as a result of the Enlightenment went through a civilized development and developed moral feelings, including love for people and animals, he saw as the most beautiful fruit of the century.

Ernst Grysanowski published some of his texts under the pseudonyms Dr. med. Jatros or Dr. med. EG hammer . By the time he died in 1888, he had published around 20 writings critical of animal experiments.

Fonts

  • Collected antivivisectionist writings . Published by Emil Knodt , Münster i. W. 1897.

in this:

  • Jatros: Vivisection, its scientific value and its ethical justification. No. I. Leipzig 1877.
  • EG Hammer: The defenders of vivisection and the lay public. No. II. Leipzig and Berlin 1879.
  • Physiologists' claims. A reply to Professor Heidenhain's work “Vivisection in the service of medicine”. No. III. Berlin and Leipzig, 1879.
  • The Vivisectionstreit and the "Leipziger Tageblatt". No. IV. 1879.
  • The metacritics of Vivisection in 1880. No. V. Dresden 1881.
  • The London Medical Council (August 1981). No. VI. Hanover 1881.
  • Mr. Geh.-Rath Virchow and the Reichstag Commission. No. VII. Animal and human friend. Sample no., 1881.
  • Brief instructions for gaining a point of view on the vivisection question. No. VIII. Guben 1881.
  • Mr. Prof. Dr. med Hüter , speaker on the antivisection petitions in the Petitions Commission of the German Reichstag. No. IX. Animal and human friend, No. 3, born in 1882.
  • Privatissimum on the vivisection question for the students of the medical faculties. No. X. o. O., 1882.
  • The press and vivisectoral advertisements. No. XI., Dresden 1883.
  • Critical illumination of the vivisection debate in the Prussian House of Representatives. No. XII. Dresden 1883.
  • The vivisection question before the Prussian Diet. No. XIII. Bayreuther Blätter VI, 228, 1883.
  • To the editors of “Thier- und Menschenfreund”, Berlin W, Wilhelmstrasse No. 91. No. XIV. Thier- und Menschenfreund, No. 7, born in 1884.
  • The latest in vivisection polemics. No. XV. Auf der Höhe, edited by L. v. Sacher-Masoch , volume 34, year 1884.
  • A word for understanding the vivisection question. No. XVI. Schmorl & von Seefeld, Hanover 1885.
  • Our position towards the public. No. XVII. Lawyer of the Animals, No. 5, born in 1885.
  • Animal protection and Darwinism. No. XVIII. Lawyer of the Animals, No. 11 and 12, born in 1885.
  • The Vivisection. To understand the motives and purposes of agitation. No. XIX. Riga 1887.

literature

  • Andreas Brenner (ed.): Describing animals , animal rights - human obligations. Vol. 9. Harald Fischer Verlag GmbH, Erlangen 2003, ISBN 3-89131-408-6
  • Hubert Bretschneider: The dispute about vivisection in the 19th century. Gustav Fischer Verlag, Stuttgart 1962
  • Monica Libell: Morality Beyond Humanity: Schopenhauer , Grysanowski, and Schweitzer on Animal Ethics . Lunds Universitet, Lund 2001, ISBN 91-974153-3-2 (EG: pp. 161-274)

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Libell 2001, p. 166 and 170, Fig. 5 (Repro obituary notice 1888)
  2. ^ Marie Espérance von Schwartz alias Elpis Melena: Dr. EGF Grisanowski. Messages from his life and letters , Hanover 1890, p. 4
  3. ^ Monica Libell: The concept of civilization in the German antivivisectionist discussion . In: Describing animals , Harald Fischer Verlag GmbH, Erlangen 2003, p. 46
  4. ↑ Ernst von Weber: The torture chambers of science . A collection of facts for the lay public, published by Hugo Voigt, Berlin and Leipzig 1879
  5. ^ Monica Libell: The concept of civilization in the German antivivisectionist discussion . In: Describing animals , Harald Fischer Verlag GmbH, Erlangen 2003, p. 47
personal data
SURNAME Grysanowski, Ernst
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Grysanowski, Ernst Georg Friedrich (full name); Grisanowski, Ernst
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German philosopher, surgeon, obstetrician and fighter against animal experiments
DATE OF BIRTH 1824
PLACE OF BIRTH Koenigsberg
DATE OF DEATH May 31, 1888
Place of death Segromigno near Lucca