Eumorpha fasciatus
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Eumorpha fasciatus |
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| Eumorpha fasciatus | ||||||||||||
| ( Sulzer , 1776) |
Eumorpha fasciatus is a butterfly ( moth ) from the family of moth (Sphingidae), which is common in South and North America. The species wasseparatedfrom the similar species Eumorpha vitis by Johann Heinrich Sulzer in 1776. The assumption is that that caterpillars of Eumorpha fasciatus well as that of Eumorpha vitis of vine plants would feed (Vitaceae), led to the English common name "Lesser Vine Sphinx" ( "Little Weinschwärmer"), but it turned out that their food mainly consists of different types of hay herbs .
features
The moths reach forewing lengths of 44 to 49 millimeters, with a wingspan of 87 to 96 millimeters. At first glance , the moths look similar to Eumorpha vitis , but the upper side of the hind wings is clearly different. In E. fasciatus , the entire outer edge is colored red, whereas the similar species is only colored red at the anal angle. The hind wings also have a red spot on the inner edge of the wing. The top of the animals is dark brownish-pink in color. A lighter colored band runs along the costalader of the forewings. The forewings also have fine, whitish-pink stripes along the remaining veins . The species shows an extremely low variability in terms of its coloration.
Male - dorsal view
Male - anterior view
female - dorsal view
female - anterior view
The caterpillars , on the other hand, are those with the most color morphs among the swarmers of North America. The color ranges from various shades of green to yellow to several shades of red. The caterpillars can also be multicolored. It is assumed that the color is related to the food plants eaten.
The doll is very dark reddish-brown in color and matt. Her squat kremaster is rough and has a medium-length, hook-shaped tip.
Occurrence
The species is indigenous from Argentina, Bolivia, Paraguay, Uruguay, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru to Central America and Mexico to North America. There they are found in the coastal areas of North and South Carolina, south to Florida and further west to Texas. Inland they can be found along the Mississippi to at least Cape Girardeau in Missouri and Terre Haute in Indiana. Evidence from Arizona and California is fake news. The species is also widespread in the Caribbean. Migratory moths can also be detected as far as Nova Scotia, Ontario, New York City and Michigan.
Watercourses and wetlands are populated with heavy vegetation of hayweeds ( Ludwigia ).
Way of life
The moths only rarely fly to artificial light sources, but can often be observed at nectar sources such as hook lilies ( Crinum ), pink catharanthe ( Catharanthus roseus ), petunias ( Petunia ) or common soapwort ( Saponaria officinalis ).
Flight and caterpillar times
In the tropics the species occurs in continuously successive generations, in the north the species flies with at least two generations, for example in South Carolina from late May to July and from late August to October. In Louisiana, the animals fly from May to October, which suggests that more than two generations are trained.
Food of the caterpillars
The caterpillars feed on various types of hayweed ( Ludwigia ) and have been identified, for example, on Ludwigia peruviana , Ludwigia octovalvis , Ludwigia leptocarpa , Ludwigia decurrens and Ludwigia repens . Some hayweeds are not eaten. The caterpillars should also feed on other evening primrose family (Onagraceae).
development
The females lay their eggs individually on the underside of the leaves of the food plants. The caterpillars are solitary and sit on the midrib on the underside of the leaf. They are often parasitized by brackish wasps of the genus Cotesia . Pupation takes place in a cave several centimeters deep in the ground. The caterpillar, which is ready to pupate, often has to travel long distances to find a suitable place to pupate, as the food plants often grow in stagnant water. The caterpillars climb off the plant and can swim on land. The pupa winds up to the surface before the butterfly hatches.
supporting documents
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m James P. Tuttle: The Hawkmoths of North America, A Natural History Study of the Sphingidae of the United States and Canada. The Wedge Entomological Research Foundation, Washington, DC 2007, ISBN 978-0-9796633-0-7 .
- ↑ a b c d e f g Sphingidae of the Americas. (No longer available online.) Bill Oehlke, archived from the original on May 23, 2015 ; Retrieved January 23, 2011 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
literature
- James P. Tuttle: The Hawkmoths of North America, A Natural History Study of the Sphingidae of the United States and Canada. The Wedge Entomological Research Foundation, Washington, DC 2007, ISBN 978-0-9796633-0-7 .
