Eumorpha
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| Huebner , 1807 |
Eumorpha is a genus of butterflies from the family of the swarmers (Sphingidae).
features
The large moths have a stocky build. The forewings have a pattern of various shades of brown and black on the upper side, which camouflage the moth well. On the underside of the forewings there is a dark band on the outer edge. The hind wings have a dark pattern, but in some species they have differently strong pink parts. Most species have dark, triangular spots along the back that start at the base of the wing. The sickle-shaped antennae are short in relation to the size of the moths.
The caterpillars have a green, yellow, red or brown basic color. In the first four stages your anal horn is long and thread-shaped, in the last stage it is reduced to a knob-shaped elevation. The third thoracic segment widens as it grows. The caterpillars can move their head into this when disturbed. The caterpillars of some species vary greatly in their coloration and pattern even within the same population. The pupae are colored in red-brown tones, have a smooth surface and an overgrown trunk sheath.
Occurrence and way of life
The genus is neotropically distributed, but twelve species also occur in North America, eight of which reproduce there. As far as is known, the caterpillars feed on grapevine family (Vitaceae), dog poison family (Apocynaceae) and evening primrose family (Onagraceae).
Systematics
23 species of the genus are known worldwide:
- Eumorpha achemon (Drury, 1773)
- Eumorpha adamsi ( Rothschild & Jordan , 1903)
- Eumorpha analis (Rothschild & Jordan, 1903)
- Eumorpha anchemolus (Cramer, 1779)
- Eumorpha capronnieri (Boisduval, [1875])
- Eumorpha cissi (Schaufuss, 1870)
- Eumorpha drucei (Rothschild & Jordan, 1903)
- Eumorpha elisa (Smyth, 1901)
- Eumorpha fasciatus (Sulzer, 1776)
- Eumorpha intermedia (Clark, 1917)
- Eumorpha labruscae (Linnaeus, 1758)
- Eumorpha megaeacus (Hübner, [1819])
- Eumorpha mirificatus (Grote, 1874)
- Eumorpha neubergeri (Rothschild & Jordan, 1903)
- Eumorpha obliquus (Rothschild & Jordan, 1903)
- Eumorpha pandorus (Hübner, [1821])
- Eumorpha phorbas (Cramer, 1775)
- Eumorpha satellitia (Linnaeus, 1771)
- Eumorpha strictua (Ménétriés, 1857)
- Eumorpha translineatus (Rothschild, 1895)
- Eumorpha triangulum (Rothschild & Jordan, 1903)
- Eumorpha typhon (Klug, 1836)
- Eumorpha vitis (Linnaeus, 1758)
Eumorpha labruscae
supporting documents
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c James P. Tuttle: The Hawkmoths of North America, A Natural History Study of the Sphingidae of the United States and Canada . The Wedge Entomological Research Foundation, Washington, DC 2007, ISBN 978-0-9796633-0-7 .
- ^ Ian J. Kitching, Jean-Marie Cadiou: Hawkmoths of the World. An Annotated and Illustrated Revisionary Checklist (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae). Cornell University Press, New York 2000, ISBN 0-8014-3734-2
literature
- James P. Tuttle: The Hawkmoths of North America, A Natural History Study of the Sphingidae of the United States and Canada , The Wedge Entomological Research Foundation, Washington, DC 2007, ISBN 978-0-9796633-0-7 .
