Ewald Bosse

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Ewald Theodor Alfred Bosse (born September 18, 1880 in Stockholm , † September 22, 1956 in Voksenkollen near Oslo ) was a Norwegian economist and sociologist . From 1927 he tried to establish a " work theory " based on human and social sciences , the focus of which was a rational application of living labor.

Life

Ewald Bosse, son of the publisher Johan Bosse (1836–1896) and his wife Anne-Marie Lehmann (1834–1894), graduated from Oslo University with a law degree in 1902 . In 1903 he married Margit Heltberg (1884-19 ??) and then studied economics, sociology and philosophy in London, Paris and Kiel (at the Institute for World Economy ), where he received his doctorate in 1914.

He was there from 1920–1926 (honorary) professor for Scandinavian economic life. Under the influence of Ferdinand Tönnies , he then turned increasingly to sociology, especially to the sociology of work . Back in Oslo, Bosse founded and headed the Institutt for Samfunnsforsking og Arbeidslære (Institute for Social Research and Ergonomics) from 1938 , which also offered accommodation to the emigrated Germans Ernst Hugo Fischer and Heinz Maus . After the German invasion of Norway in 1940, he closed it.

plant

Ewald Bosses main work consists of the three volumes “ Arbeidslæren ” [Arbeitslehre] [Arbeitslehre] published between 1927 and 1939 (in Norwegian) with the time-related focus: economy (genetic analysis of economic work, 1927), law (on work , 1933) and poverty (as social phenomenon, 1939). In connection with his option for a cooperative- social-democratic development path to non-regulative (neodestributive-Keynsian or corporate-fascist) overcoming the global economic crisis of the capitalist economy, he developed various typologies and taxonomies of a “third way” beyond capitalist profit and bureaucratic command economy Realization of a social organization of the greatest possible happiness for as many people as possible. With a genetic (-analytical) focus in the first volume, theoretical (-social-scientific) em in the second and practical (-political) em in the third, Bosse presents (a) five forms of work ("servistic", "dependente", "societäre", "Famulatory" and "parasitic"); (b) two forms of unemployment (“objective-structural” and “subjective-personal”) and (c) four causes of poverty ( socio-structural , economic, political and biological).

reception

Ferdinand Tönnies drew attention to the importance of Bosses as early as 1935 in Max Horkheimer's Paris journal for social research (to his displeasure). In Germany and then during the German occupation of Norway 1940-45, Ewald Bosses reception was permanently broken off. His ideas for the development of social and interdisciplinary Work Science , however, was in 1988 by Irene Raehlmann in their Bonner sociology of science discussed dissertation and as " almost utopian [...] socio-political ideas rated".

literature

Primary literature

  • Norway's national economy from the end of the Hansa period to the present , [Diss. Phil.], Jena 1916
  • The Influence of War on the National Economy of the Nordic Countries , Kiel 1920
  • Af arbeidslæren
    • 1. Det economic work. En genetisk analysis , Oslo 1927
    • 2. Retten til arbeide , Oslo 1933
    • 3. Fattigdommen som samfundsfenomenen , Oslo, 1939
  • "Sociology and Labor Studies". In: Pure and Applied Sociology. A festive offering for Ferdinand Tönnies on his 80th birthday [...] , Leipzig 1936

Secondary literature

  • Ferdinand Tönnies, “The Right to Work ”, in: Zeitschrift für Sozialforschung , Vol. 4, 1935, H. 1, P. 66–80 (also in: Ferdinand Tönnies Gesamtausgabe , Vol. 22, Berlin / New York: de Gruyter 1998, pp. 428-442)
  • Heinz Maus, "Ergonomics and Sociology", in: Kölner Zeitschrift für Soziologie, 2nd year 1949/50, pp. 23–40
  • Irene Raehlmann, Interdisciplinary Ergonomics in the Weimar Republic. An analysis of the sociology of science , Opladen: Westdeutscher Verlag 1988 [ Studies on Social Science , Vol. 71]
  • Short biography Norwegian

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Wilhelm Bernsdorf / Horst Knospe (eds.), Internationales Soziologenlexikon , Vol. I, 2nd revised edition, Stuttgart 1980, p. 50.
  2. ↑ See Ferdinand Tönnies Gesamtausgabe , Vol. 22, Berlin / New York 1998, p. 428.
personal data
SURNAME Bosses, Ewald
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Bosse, Ewald Theodor Alfred
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Norwegian economist and sociologist
DATE OF BIRTH September 18, 1880
PLACE OF BIRTH Stockholm
DATE OF DEATH September 22, 1956
Place of death Voksollen