Purpose of the trip
The purpose of the trip includes those passenger traffic that heads for a specific destination with a means of transport for a specific purpose after the start of the journey .
General
As each ride or origin are generally flat , workplace , training center , resort , shopping place or any other place in question. The purpose of the trip results from the combination of two of these locations. For example, if the home is selected as the start of the journey and the place of work as the destination, the purpose of the journey is commuter traffic .
species
Six different travel purposes can be formed from these locations: commuter traffic, training traffic , business and official travel , vacation traffic , shopping traffic and leisure traffic .
The individual purposes can be distinguished from one another as follows:
- The rush includes trips between home and work, and vice versa, and where there are a maximum of 24 hours between round trip ( working travel ).
- Training traffic is all journeys between the home and the training facility and vice versa, whereby the return journey must take place within a period of 24 hours ( e.g. school trips , school trips ). Trips to the company training center and to the vocational school are part of rush hour traffic.
- For business and business travel are emanating from the workplace work-related trips within the working hours . The trips between several places of work within one working day as well as trips that start from the home and take place in the professional interest without affecting the permanent place of work are also business and official trips.
- Holiday traffic is all trips to the destination for reasons of relaxation , with at least five days between the outward and return journeys .
- Shopping traffic is all journeys with the purpose of purchasing goods and procuring services (visits to the doctor, visits to the authorities).
- Leisure traffic is all other journeys that cannot be assigned to other purposes. Weekend commuter trips are also included.
Commuters on the way to work are always part of rush hour traffic, a short vacation of less than five days is leisure traffic. Educational traffic requires that the pupils and students use a means of transport .
A further subdivision is possible according to habitual traffic (business , training and shopping traffic) and occasional traffic (business and official travel, vacation traffic, leisure traffic). The shopping traffic is difficult to assign, because pure shopping trips are certainly habitual traffic, the assignment is more problematic when visiting the doctor and going to the authorities.
statistics
The individual travel purposes of private transport have the following proportions - measured in terms of passenger transport expenditure (in passenger kilometers ):
| Passenger traffic expenditure by purpose of travel (in billions of passenger kilometers ) |
2003 | 2017 |
|---|---|---|
| Vacation and leisure traffic | 43.6% | 38.9% |
| Professional and training traffic | 20.4% | 20.5% |
| Shopping traffic | 17.2% | 15.8% |
| Business and official travel | 12.5% | 20.2% |
| Escort trips | 5.2% | 4.6% |
Vacation and leisure travel has the largest share, followed by work and training travel. Between 2003 and 2017, business and official travel rose sharply.
Traffic planning
The various purposes of the journey are objects of knowledge in traffic planning , because depending on the purpose of the journey, the willingness to accept longer queues ( traffic jams ) or diversions , for example, varies and has to be taken into account by the traffic planning.
Individual evidence
- ^ German Institute for Economic Research (eds.), Hartmut Kuhfeld / Joachim Niklas / Jutta Kloas, The development of passenger transport in the regions of the Federal Republic up to the year 2000 , 1983, p. 7
- ^ German Institute for Economic Research (eds.), Claus Köhler / Henryk Bolik, Regional Structure of Passenger Transport in the Federal Republic of Germany in 1975 , 1981, p. 13
- ^ German Institute for Economic Research (eds.), Hartmut Kuhfeld / Joachim Niklas / Jutta Kloas, The development of passenger transport in the regions of the Federal Republic up to the year 2000 , 1983, p. 7
- ^ German Institute for Economic Research (eds.), Claus Köhler / Henryk Bolik, Regional Structure of Passenger Transport in the Federal Republic of Germany in 1975 , 1981, p. 13
- ↑ Duncker & Humblot (Eds.), Integrated Long-Term Forecast for Transport Demand in Freight and Passenger Transport in the Federal Republic of Germany up to 1990 , Edition 2, 1977, p. 23
- ^ Eduard Bock, Telematik im Personenverkehr , 1998, p. 29
- ↑ Federal Ministry of Transport and Digital Information (ed.), Traffic figures 2019/2020 , p. 235