School trip
The school trip (also school trip / school trip , class trip , school trip or class ) is a collective term for trips or excursions by students with means of transport for different purposes .
Germany
General
School trips, school camp stays, school excursions, study trips and international exchanges are part of the educational and educational work of schools . They are used exclusively for educational purposes and must have a clear connection to the classroom , arise from the school program and be prepared and followed up in class. Participation in these is one of the official duties of teachers . They can only be carried out if they have been agreed in advance between teachers, parents and students. All activities must be directly related to school lessons.
Schools and teachers often organize class trips with the aim of getting to know each other better. This goal was expanded to include educational class trips, which also include individual learning / self-awareness, social learning in group processes and ecological learning. The school inspectorate generally does not approve school trips for purely tourist purposes and destinations (beach stays). Exceptions are final trips , which primarily serve to offer a diverging class a goodbye. An Abi trip has a similar function, but it is often organized by the students themselves and is therefore not a school trip.
species
A distinction must be made between:
- School trips : School buses are used to transport students between home and school and back on school days .
- School trip : All classes or a single class of a school leave the school for a specified period of time ( day trip or longer).
- School / class hiking day : All classes or a single class of a school are on a day trip or course on a class day.
- Country school week : stay for pupils in a school camp , school sports weeks , school ski courses and similar events.
- Multi-day excursions and field exercises .
- Federal Youth Games : The participation of the pupils is compulsory according to a resolution of the Standing Conference of October 1979.
- Student exchange : Exchange trips across national borders, with a maximum of one school year (“exchange year”) the longest school trip.
The names differ according to regional reference. In addition to school buses , coaches , trains , planes or ships can also be used as means of transport .
Legal issues
The school trip is a legal term , because according to § 43 PBefG regular student trips with school buses between home and school and back count as regular service excluding other passengers ( special forms of regular service ). The instigator for setting up the school trip is usually the school authority or the school itself. School trips must be marked with the school bus sign ( Section 33 Paragraph 4 BOKraft ), the school buses must have two additional flashing lights on the back ( Section 54 Paragraph 4 No. 4 StVZO ).
The school decides on the implementation of school hikes and school trips on its own responsibility. Approval for school trips as a school event is granted by the school management on the basis of an application submitted in good time before the start of the event . In particular, it must be checked whether the event fulfills the educational mandate of the school, whether the travel program specified by the school conference is observed and whether the financing is secured. The school conference determines the corresponding framework, including maximum duration and cost limits (Section 65 (2) No. 6 SchulG NRW ). The school participation committees for the school caretaker , the student council and the teachers' conference must be consulted before a decision is made. The upper cost limit must be kept low. If the duration is longer than two weeks, the remaining part must be taken during the school holidays .
In terms of travel law , guest students are those who have a stay of at least three months with a host family ( student exchange ) in another country that is associated with regular school attendance ( Section 651u Paragraph 1 BGB ). For this essential provisions of the applicable package , with the provider of the host school stay as a tour operator shall apply and for any travel defects liable ( § 651i para. 1 BGB). Here, however, the term exchange student is more common.
In social law , the actual expenditures for school trips and multi-day class trips are recognized as “needs for education and participation” in accordance with Section 28 (2) SGB II within the framework of the school regulations . In the case of approved school trips, students are covered by statutory accident insurance through the accident insurance funds of the federal states. For teachers, school trips are considered business trips approved by the school management.
history
There has been evidence of school migration at least in individual schools since the first third of the 19th century at the latest. From biographical treatises on Friedrich Froebel it can be inferred that school hikes were already common at the Frankfurt model school around 1805 . In Fröbel's first founding, the General German Educational Institute in Keilhau , school hikes have been part of the program since it was founded in 1816/17. However, the protagonist of the school hiking day is the educator Karl Volkmar Stoy (1815–1885), who hiked with his school community for the first time on August 21, 1853 from Jena to the Großer Inselsberg . A memorial stone near the summit reminds of this .
The Standing Conference (KMK) decided in 1983 recommendations on the educational significance and implementation of school field trips on September 30 and replaced the decision of 21 January 1953 on the "School Walking". The resolution defines goals and provides information on preparation and implementation. The decision is in the federal states mostly in a special walker forward or drive adoption implemented or in appropriate regulations.
The stay in a school camp is usually connected with class events.
In order to enable students from socially disadvantaged backgrounds to participate in chargeable events, many schools have a school association that provides financial aid. If the school association is non-profit, it may not only support individual students. Instead, school trips and excursions are supported for the entire class. In addition, there is official support for the financing of school trips and school camp stays when receiving benefits according to Hartz IV (ALG II) . These costs are covered in addition to the standard power. Another possibility of financial support are the local and district associations of the various welfare associations ( German Red Cross , Arbeiterwohlfahrt (AWO), Paritätischer Wohlfahrtsverband , Diakonisches Werk , Deutscher Caritasverband ), some of which have funds available for these purposes. Finally, there are also social funds in various federal states that are intended to support the participation of children from financially weaker families in school activities.
International
Travel abroad in the EEA and Switzerland
If a trip abroad is planned, all students must be in possession of a travel document or an entry permit for the country of transit and the country of destination. For a class trip to a member state of the European Union and to Switzerland, there is a special procedure that enables students who either do not have a passport and / or a required visa to take part in the class trip anyway ( student collective list or student list ). This procedure is mandatory for passport and visa-free students who are not EEA citizens or Swiss citizens. Third-country nationals who do not have an entry permit will be turned away at an external Schengen border when entering a non-Schengen state and must then be picked up there by their parents. When traveling within the Schengen area, problems can also arise with ID checks carried out inland if a third-country student cannot show a passport or residence permit from the country of residence.
Austria
School events are regulated in the SchuUG in § 13 SchuUG. The students are "obliged to participate in school events regardless of whether the event takes place inside or outside the school premises, unless ..... the event involves an overnight stay outside of their place of residence."
literature
- Hiking day and life path . In engagement 3/2001, Aschendorff Verlag, Münster.
Individual evidence
- ↑ § 18 Clause 1 Primary School Regulations (BY) KWMBl. No. 12/2014 p. 126 (PDF; 378 K)
- ↑ Circular of the Ministry for Schools and Further Education (NRW) of March 19, 1997, No. 1
- ^ Marion Keil, class trips compact , 2008, p. 5
- ^ Secretariat of the Standing Conference of the Ministers of Education of the Federal States in the Federal Republic of Germany, resolution of the Conference of Ministers of Education of October 26, 1979 in the version of September 12, 2013
- ^ Johannes Krems / Michael Fey / Helmuth Bidinger, Der Omnibus-Unternehmer , 2005, p. 29
- ↑ Circular of the Ministry for Schools and Further Education (NRW) of March 19, 1997, No. 3
- ↑ Information on Friedrich Fröbel at www.froebelweb.de
- ↑ KMK recommendation on the educational importance and implementation of school campus stays , schools and law in Lower Saxony
- ↑ Archived copy ( Memento of the original from January 27, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ http://www.deutschkurse.de/Unterricht/K Klassenfahrten.html# Foerdermoegitäten
- ↑ http://www.ms.niedersachsen.de/live/live.php?navigation_id=5169&article_id=14374&_psmand=17
- ↑ School Education Act § 13f , Federal Chancellery Austria
