school year

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The school year is the time it takes a student to get from one class to the next.

For schoolchildren, a school year usually ends with the start of the long vacation , but not for teachers and employees , who sometimes have to be present during the non- teaching period . There are school holidays during the school year and between school years .

Germany

In the German Empire and the Weimar Republic , the beginning and end of the school year were not uniformly regulated. As in many other European countries, the school year began partly after the summer holidays, but partly also in spring (Easter). In 1920 the start of the school year in Bavaria was moved from summer to Easter.

In 1941 the beginning of the school year was set for September throughout the German Reich . This was reversed by the occupying power in the British zone after the Second World War and, except in Bavaria ( American zone of occupation ), also in all other countries of the western zones of occupation , as their ministers of education decided almost unanimously in August 1948. In Hesse, for example, the school year 1947/1948 was extended by half a year, so that it ended at Easter 1949. In the Saarland , too , the start of school was postponed from autumn to spring after integration into the Federal Republic (January 1, 1957). The Düsseldorf Agreement (1955) of the Conference of Ministers of Education had recommended this to Bavaria without success.

In the Soviet occupation zone and the GDR , school started on September 1st.

With the Hamburg Agreement of October 28, 1964, the Conference of Ministers of Education decided to adapt Bavaria and neighboring European countries and start the school year on August 1st. For the conversion, two short school years or one long school year each (in total) sixteen months were carried out from April 1, 1966 to July 31, 1967 .

As before, the school year continues to be divided into two semesters, the first of which usually ends with a semester report on January 31, the second before the summer holidays with an annual report and notification of the transfer . Due to the federal system, holidays are regulated differently in the individual federal states. In the case of six-week vacation within the framework provided for in the Hamburg Agreement, the start of the school year always falls during the summer vacation.

The school law for the state of North Rhine-Westphalia states in § 7 (school year, teaching time): The school year begins on August 1st and ends on July 31st of the following year. The Ministry can allow the school year to be divided into semesters (school half-years) or other periods of time in individual school levels or types of school, and determine their start and end. In the School Act of Hesse § 57 it says: The school year begins on August 1st and ends on July 31st of the following calendar year , as does § 53 of the School Act of Berlin. The other German federal states have corresponding regulations.

Austria

In Austria this applies federal law on class time on regulated in Schulorganisationsgesetz school types , simply School Act as amended in 1985 called. There it says:

Switzerland

In Switzerland , the school year is divided into so-called quintals:

  • 1st quintal: summer vacation to autumn vacation
  • 2nd quintal: Autumn break until Christmas / New Year
  • 3rd quintal: New Years through Sports Holidays
  • 4th quintal: Sports vacation to spring vacation
  • 5th quintal: spring break to summer break

France

The school year in France lasts from the first day of school to the day before the first day of school of the following school year and is established by law by decree . It takes 36 weeks of school. The first day of school usually falls at the beginning of the week in September, the last day of school coincides with the first weekend in July or the last weekend in June. The summer vacation period, between the last day of school and the first day of school of the following year, is intended for oral Abitur exams ( Baccalauréat , beginning of July) and general examinations ( Rattrapage , end of August / beginning of September). The school years are divided into three periods of about three months ( trimester ): Summer - Christmas, Christmas - Easter, Easter - summer, in the primary level also in five working periods, each of which is divided into school holidays (summer, All Saints' Day, Christmas / New Year, Winter, Easter / spring) are separate.

Russia

In Russia , the school year traditionally begins on September 1st, the so-called knowledge day .

School year

The length of a student's school attendance is also measured in school years. In the case of a student who, for example, only completes the fourth grade six years after starting school , it is better to speak of six years of school attendance to avoid misunderstandings .

Web links

Wiktionary: School year  - explanations of meanings, word origins, synonyms, translations

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Archived copy ( Memento of the original from December 5, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.ovmg.de
  2. ↑ Bags in August . In: Der Spiegel . No. 45 , 1964 ( online ).
  3. ↑ https://www.schulministerium.nrw.de/docs/Recht/Schulrecht/Schulgesetz/Schulgesetz.pdf
  4. ↑ http://www.kmk.org/index.php?id=485&type=123
  5. ↑ Archived copy ( Memento of the original from July 18, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.bewegung.ac.at
  6. ↑ http://www.bmukk.gv.at/schulen/recht/gvo/schulzeitgesetz.xml
  7. ↑ Frz. Worship Coll Code de l'éducation, Art. L521-1
  8. ↑ a b As a secular school system, it officially makes no reference to religious festivals.