Federal Youth Games
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The National Youth Games are one of Germany's annual Schools and Schools Abroad performed sporting event . The participation of the pupils is compulsory according to a resolution of the Conference of Ministers of Education and Cultural Affairs from 1979.
In the GDR the corresponding event was called the Children's and Youth Partakiade .
The participating students are expected to perform as well as possible in certain disciplines ( athletics , gymnastics ). Most one is powerlifting in the disciplines of throwing (in old age shot put ), Running (Sprint) and long jump as well as a long-distance running (eg., 1,000 meters) is performed.
The achievements achieved are assessed with points. If the participant reaches a certain minimum number of points, he will receive a certificate of recognition for his performance, and a certificate of honor from a certain higher point limit. The certificates of honor bear a (printed) signature of the Federal President. All other students who have not received a certificate of victory or honor have received a certificate of participation since 1991.
history
The Federal Youth Games were initiated by the sports official and sports scientist Carl Diem , who also initiated the sports badge and the Olympic torch relay and founded the German Sport University Cologne . During the Nazi era , he took part in propaganda campaigns and used sport for Nazi campaigns. The forerunners of the Federal Youth Games were the Reich Youth Competitions, which were first held in 1920 .
In the Federal Republic of Germany they were advertised in 1951 first by the Federal Ministry of the Interior, then by the Federal Ministry for Youth, Family and Health for schoolchildren between the ages of 8 and 19. The new Federal Youth Games have existed since 2001 and are advertised as individual competitions in apparatus gymnastics, athletics and swimming.
The German Disabled Sports Association (DBS) and the German Disabled Sports Youth (DBSJ), in cooperation with the Committee for the Federal Youth Games and the Sports Commission of the KMK, developed a program for the participation of pupils with disabilities between 2007 and 2009.
Certificates
Basically, depending on the performance, one of three certificates is awarded, which contains at least the type of sport, the name of the student and the number of points. The highest certificate to be awarded is the certificate of honor with the signature of the incumbent Federal President. If the performance is lower, the student receives a certificate of achievement. If the performance is not sufficient for a certificate of victory, a certificate of participation will be issued.
The certificates are awarded in different ways depending on the type of game.
competition
If the Federal Youth Games are carried out according to the competition model, the award of the certificate is based on the age and gender of the student. A table then shows the minimum number of points for an honorary certificate or a certificate of victory. If a lower number of points is achieved, the student generally receives a certificate of attendance. Legal scholar Michael Sachs sees it as “unconstitutional” that boys “perform better for a certificate of winners or honorary certificates, for example in athletics jump higher and further, throw farther and run faster” “than girls of the same age ”.
The age of the student is not calculated exactly, but is defined as the difference between the current year and the year of birth of the student.
competition
In the competitive model, the students compete against each other in a group, e.g. B. all boys in a grade. They carry out the same disciplines, whereby the student with the best performance in a discipline takes first place and thus receives one point. The student with the next best performance receives two points, etc. The points determined in this way from the individual disciplines are added up, resulting in a total number of points, which is the lower the better the performance.
The award of the certificate is now determined by the sorting of the students according to the ascending number of points:
- the top 20% receive an honorary certificate,
- the middle 50% a certificate of victory,
- the remaining 30% will receive a certificate of participation.
All-around
In the all-around competition there are separate types for the three types of certificates, whereby the award is also based on the rank achieved by the respective participant. The percentages are identical to the competitive model.
debate
In June 2015 a petition was started on change.org with the aim of abolishing the Federal Youth Games. Several thousand signatures for the abolition were collected within a few days. Reports on this petition sparked a debate about the Federal Youth Games. In July 2015, another petition was started on change.org with the aim of preserving the Federal Youth Games. This petition also found several thousand supporters in a short time.
advocacy
Proponents of the Federal Youth Games argue that the basic types of movement in athletics belonged to what was formerly known as the classic educational canon. Movement is considered to be crucial for the development of cognitive skills, the aspect of performance comparison is an inherent side effect of sport. It is also an important experience that others are better in some areas, and dealing with failures is also an important learning content. Last but not least, there is a comparability of individual performance in other subjects, especially in the context of school.
criticism
Critics of the Federal Youth Games argue that these are counterproductive for the motivation of unsporting children, as poor performance confirmed in writing would rather demotivate physically weaker students than encourage them to participate in sport, for example by being stigmatized. Also, the competitive nature known for the national youth games is not in the sense of the initiative, but the physical fitness with mutual joy .
The official obligation to participate in the federal youth games is viewed critically, as it incapacitates children , is no longer up-to-date and is perceived by some students as humiliating. Proponents of the abolition of compulsory participation in the national youth games point out that there is also no compulsory participation in competitions in other talent-dependent areas such as reading and singing . Last but not least, the obligation exerts pressure on physically weaker students.
There is also no basis for differentiating between the sexes before the onset of puberty , as there are no significant differences in performance.
Individual evidence
- ↑ https://www.bundesjugendspiele.de/downloads/KMK/KMK_Beschluss_Fassung_v_12_09_2013.pdf
- ↑ https://www.kmk.org/aktuelles/artikelansicht/bundesjugendspiele-20122013-unverzichtbaren-habenteil-des-schullebens.html
- ↑ Holger Wölk: Federal Youth Games for Schoolchildren with Disabilities. (PDF; 226 kB) German Disabled Sports Association, March 16, 2009, accessed on May 28, 2010 .
- ↑ Information for students with disabilities. (No longer available online.) Bundesjugendspiele.de, June 2, 2009, archived from the original on June 22, 2009 ; Retrieved May 28, 2010 .
- ↑ a b c d e National Youth Games Handbook 2017. Accessed on November 15, 2018 .
- ↑ So the Cologne Ordinarius Michael Sachs , equality in sport, in: Zeitschrift für Sport und Recht (SpuRt) 2/2019, p. 50 (53) and p. 55: “My partial result, which probably surprises you, reads: Die The differentiating use of the gender category in sport-related state regulations, such as those used in the federal youth games, violates Article 3 (3) sentence 1 of the Basic Law and is unconstitutional ”.
- ↑ Abolish the Federal Youth Games! on change.org , accessed June 26, 2015
- ↑ Abolish Federal Youth Games? at tagesschau.de , accessed on June 26, 2015
- ↑ Certificate of honor to whom a certificate of honor is due on zeit.de , accessed on June 26, 2015
- ↑ Do not abolish the Federal Youth Games! on change.org , accessed July 9, 2015
- ↑ Debate about the Federal Youth Games: The competition must stay on spiegel.de , accessed on July 9, 2015
- ↑ a b c d e f Should the Federal Youth Games be abolished? on welt.de , accessed on June 26, 2015
- ↑ Are federal youth games really an imposition? on faz.net , accessed June 27, 2015
- ↑ a b c Hope for unsporting children: Mother starts petition #bundesjugendspieleweg on spiegel.de , accessed on June 26, 2015
- ↑ Girls and boys are equally strong ( memento from March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) on tagesspiegel.de . Retrieved June 26, 2015
