Fangshan marble
The Fangshan marble is a historically exposed building and decorative stone known for the architecture and art in Beijing and beyond this metropolis . In its particularly valued sorting, it is pure white and therefore also known under the name Chinese Royal White Marble ( Fangshan hanbaiyu 房山 汉白玉 ).
Mining area and geology
The mining area is located in the Taihang Mountains ( Taihangshan ), which surrounds the Beijing district of Fangshan to the west and northwest . This marble deposit is a portion of the metamorphic core complex of Fangshan ( Fangshan metamorphic core complex ). The marble was formed by metamorphosis from Proterozoic - Old Paleozoic calcareous sediments.
Various grades are extracted in the quarries of Dashiwo (in the village of Gaozhuang, among others). The pure white variety Fangshan Snow ( Royal White Marble ) receives the greatest attention . Furthermore, Fangshan White and Fangshan Gray-White known. This name differentiation is based on the color gradations and is practiced analogously to the comparable and world-famous marble from the Greek island of Thassos .
application
Fangshan marble is of great importance for the ancient architecture of Beijing and the surrounding area. It has been used for design and architectural elements in the exterior and interior for centuries. The earliest uses are passed down from the Yuan Dynasty (1279–1368) created by Kublai Khan . Its properties, especially its small grain, have made it a valued sculptural material. The ornate balustrades on bridges, verandas and monuments are typical in many places . In the consciousness of the Chinese professional public, the Fangshan marble plays a leading role in building and decorative stones.
Application examples are:
- Dashiwo , Fangshan (Beijing): Stone tablet sutras of the Yunju Temple
- Beijing: Forbidden City
- Beijing: marble columns of the Great Hall of the People
- Beijing: Monument to the People's Heroes
- Beijing: Chairman Mao Memorial Hall
- Changping (Beijing): Dingling Mausoleum ( Thirteen Ming Tombs )
- Lintong (Xi'an): Mingshenggong
- Beijing: " Gold Water Bridges " in front of the Gate of Heavenly Peace
- Beijing: New Summer Palace
- Beijing: Temple of Heaven
- Beijing: Marco Polo Bridge
- Beijing: China Millennium Monument
- Hong Kong City Hall
swell
- Dan-Ping Yan et al .: Mesozoic extensional structures of the Fangshan tectonic dome and their subsequent reworking during collisional accretion of the North China Block. Journal of the Geological Society, January 2006 ( online version )