Rock wren

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Rock wren
Rock Wren (Salpinctes obsoletus)

Rock Wren ( Salpinctes obsoletus )

Systematics
Order : Passerines (Passeriformes)
Subordination : Songbirds (passeri)
Superfamily : Certhioidea
Family : Wrens (Troglodytidae)
Genre : Salpinctes
Type : Rock wren
Scientific name of the  genus
Salpinctes
Cabanis , 1847
Scientific name of the  species
Salpinctes obsoletus
( Say , 1823)

The rock wren ( Salpinctes obsoletus ) is a small, North American bird art from the family of Wrens (Troglodytidae). The genus consists of one species or several species, depending on the view of the processor.

description

The twelve centimeter tall birds have gray-brown plumage with small, black and white spots. They have a light gray, slightly speckled chest and a light brownish belly. A light gray stripe runs above the eye; they have long, thin bills, banded tail feathers, and dark legs.

They breed in stony, dry habitats - for example in canyons that stretch from southwest Canada to Costa Rica in the south. There are two to three broods per year with four to six, rarely only one to three or seven to ten eggs that are incubated by the female. The young birds are looked after by both parents. The nest is open at the top and is often hidden between stones in a small cave or crevice at floor level. It is built on a foundation of pebbles, grass, bark and thin roots and padded with hair and feathers. A strange habit of the birds is that they lay strips of pebbles along the paths to the nest.

The southern populations are not migratory birds , while the northern populations migrate to warmer areas - like the central and southwestern states of the United States - in winter . They also occasionally migrate to the eastern United States.

Rock wrens look for food on the ground. They mainly feed on spiders as well as insects .

The song of this species is usually a trill , in the breeding season the song is more diverse.

Systematics

The species is divided into several subspecies . Some subspecies only exist on certain islands. The San Benedicto rock wren, which only occurs on the Revillagigedo island of San Benedicto , has been considered extinct since a volcanic eruption in 1952 .

S. o. Proximus Swarth , 1914, which was previously considered to be distributed as San Martin Island in northwest Mexico, and S. o. Pulverius Grinnell , 1898, which were added to the San-Nicolas and San Clemente Island , are now considered a synonym for the nominate form. S. o. Sollicitus Moore, RT , 1941, which was ascribed to Chiapas and the adjacent part of Guatemala, is now considered a synonym for S. o. Neglectus .

Etymology and history of research

The first description of the rock wren was in 1823 by Thomas Say under the scientific name Troglodytes obsoleta . The type specimen was collected on an expedition from Pittsburgh to the Rocky Mountains in which Say took part. In 1847 Jean Louis Cabanis introduced the genus Salpinctes, which was new to science . This name is derived from "salpinktēs σαλπιγκτης " for "an unknown bird that was probably a wren". The species name "obsoletus" is the Latin word for "simple, worn" from "obsolescere" for "worn away". "Costaricensis" refers to Costa Rica, "guadeloupensis" to Guadeloupe. "Tenuirostris" is a Latin combination of "tenuis, tenue" for "slim" and "-rostris, rostrum" for "-beaked, beak", "exsul" from "ex" for "outside" and "solum" for "land." , Mainland "and" sollicitus "from" sollus "for" total "and" ciere "for" pull ". "Fasciatus" is derived from "fasciatus, fascia" for "bound, bandage, strip". “Guttatus” means “speckled” from “gutta” for “stain”, “neglectus” “ignored, overlooked” from “neglegere” for “to fail”, “proximus” “very close to” from “propior, propioris, prope” for »Closer, near«, »pulvereus« »full of dust, dusty« from »pulvis, pulveris« for »dust«.

literature

  • Jean Louis Cabanis: Ornithological Notes II . In: Archives for Natural History . tape 13 , no. 1 , 1847, p. 308-352 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
  • Joseph Grinnell: The San Nicolas Rock Wren . In: The Auk . tape 15 , no. 3 , 1898, p. 237–239 (English, sora.unm.edu [PDF; 111 kB ]).
  • James A. Jobling: Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names . Christopher Helm, London 2010, ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4 .
  • Robert Thomas Moore: New races of flycatcher, warbler and wrens from Mexico . In: Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington . tape 54 , 1941, pp. 35–42 (English, biodiversitylibrary.org ).
  • Edward William Nelson: Preliminary Descriptions of New Birds From Mexico and Guatemala In the Collection of the United States Department of Agriculture . In: The Auk . tape 14 , no. 1 , 1897, p. 42–76 (English, sora.unm.edu [PDF; 1.5 MB ]).
  • Robert Ridgway: Ornithology of Guadeloupe Islands . In: Bulletin of the United States Geological and Geographical Survey of the Territories . tape 2 , no. 2 , 1876, p. 183-195 (English, biodiversitylibrary.org ).
  • Robert Ridgway: Diagnoses of nine new forms of American Birds . In: Proceedings of The Biological Society of Washington . tape 16 , 1903, pp. 167-174 (English, biodiversitylibrary.org ).
  • Adriaan Joseph van Rossem: Three new races of birds from Central America . In: Proceedings of The Biological Society of Washington . tape 54 , 1941, pp. 171–174 (English, biodiversitylibrary.org ).
  • Adriaan Joseph van Rossem: The Horned Lark and the Rock Wren of the San Benito Islands, Lower California . In: The Condor . tape 45 , no. 6 , 1943, pp. 235–236 (English, sora.unm.edu [PDF; 159 kB ]).
  • Osbert Salvin, Frederick DuCane Godman: Descriptions of Five new Species of Birds discovered in Central America by WB Richardson . In: The Ibis (=  6 ). tape 3 , 1891, p. 608-612 (English, biodiversitylibrary.org ).
  • Thomas Say in Edwin James: Account of an expedition from Pittsburgh to the Rocky Mountains, performed in the years 1819 and '20: by order of the Hon. JC Calhoun, sec'y of war: under the command of Major Stephen H. Long . From the notes of Major Long, Mr. T. Say, and other gentlemen of the exploring party . tape 2 . HC Carey and I. Lea, Philadelphia 1823 (English, biodiversitylibrary.org ).
  • Harry Schelwald Swarth: A Study of the Status of Certain Island Forms of the Genus Salpinctes . In: The Condor . tape 16 , no. 5 , 1914, pp. 211–217 (English, sora.unm.edu [PDF; 547 kB ]).

Web links

Commons : Rock Wren  - Collection of images, videos, and audio files

Single receipts

  1. ↑ IOC World Bird List Dapple-throats, sugarbirds, fairy-bluebirds, kinglets, hyliotas, wrens & gnatcatchers
  2. ^ A b Adriaan Joseph van Rossem (1941), p. 172.
  3. ^ Robert Ridgway (1903), p. 169.
  4. ↑ Osbert Salvin et al. a., p. 610.
  5. ^ A b Robert Ridgway (1876), p. 185.
  6. ↑ Osbert Salvin et al. a., p. 609.
  7. ^ Edward William Nelson, p. 70.
  8. ↑ a b Thomas Say, p. 4.
  9. ^ Adriaan Joseph van Rossem (1943), p. 236.
  10. ↑ Harry Schelwald Swarth, p. 215.
  11. ^ Joseph Grinnell, p. 238.
  12. ^ Robert Thomas Moore, p. 40.
  13. ↑ a b Jean Louis Cabanis, p. 323.
  14. ↑ James A. Jobling, p. 278.
  15. ↑ James A. Jobling, p. 381.
  16. ↑ James A. Jobling, p. 155.
  17. ↑ James A. Jobling, p. 359.
  18. ↑ James A. Jobling, p. 158.
  19. ↑ James A. Jobling, p. 181.
  20. ↑ James A. Jobling, p. 267.
  21. ↑ James A. Jobling, p. 318.
  22. ↑ James A. Jobling, p. 324.

Remarks

  1. ↑ Cabanis placed the rock wren and the canyon wren ( Thryothorus mexicanus Swainson , 1829) in the new genus.