Filtu
Coordinates: 4 ° 58 ' N , 40 ° 23' E
Filtu ( Ge'ez ፊልቱ) is a place in southern Ethiopia . It is located south of the Ganale River in an area that is disputed between the Somali and Oromia regions . In the documents of the Ethiopian Central Statistics Agency from 1998 and 2005, Filtu is counted as part of the Liben zone of Somali, in the 1990s it was temporarily designated the capital of this zone .
According to the Central Statistics Agency for 2005, Filtu had 8,242 inhabitants. In 1997, 98.26% of the 5,518 inhabitants were registered as Somali , the remaining 96 inhabitants belonged to the Amharen , Wolaytta , Oromo and other ethnic groups. The most important Somali clan in Filtu are the Degodia.
Filtu has a market that is connected to other markets in Ethiopia and the neighboring countries of Kenya and Somalia . A road connects the place with Negele Boran in the west and Doolow in the east. Around Filtu there are several smaller villages of sedentary farmers and ranchers.
history
Until the reorganization of the administrative structure of Ethiopia in 1991, Filtu belonged to the province of Sidamo .
Since the Italian occupation of Ethiopia in 1935–1941, Somali nomads have penetrated westward across the Ganale River into the Liben (also Liban or Libin ) area. This led to conflicts with the Borana orromo already living there. The Ethiopian interim government, which came to power after 1941, was of the opinion that the best way to remedy this problem was to displace the Somali again via the Ganale. The British colonial power in neighboring Kenya, where there were also conflicts between Borana and Somali, took a similar view. However, the Ethiopian government hesitated to take action against the Somali, because it wanted to regain the Somali-inhabited Ogaden area , which was temporarily administered by Great Britain, and therefore not to turn the Somali against itself. However, in October 1964, the Borana and Guji-Oromo - perhaps encouraged by the local Ethiopian authorities - jointly attacked the Somali, causing them significant human and livestock losses. This attack drove a large part of the Somali to flight, but also the Rayitu, who are of mixed Somali and Oromo origins and who, as Muslims, feel more like Somali. In Filtu, Somali refugees were resettled by the authorities in a kind of “protected village” in order to be able to monitor them, and they were denied support for a return. Some of these displaced people therefore went to Somalia in order to take part in the armed resistance against the Ethiopian government in the Bale revolt from 1965 with the support of Somalia .
During the Ogaden War , Filtu was captured by Somali troops between late July and early August 1977. On March 8, 1978, the fourth division of the Ethiopian Army took it back.
After 1991, Ethiopia was re-divided into ethnically defined regions (“ethnic federalism”). The division of the Liben area between the Oromia and Somali regions remains controversial, and maps show different boundaries. According to official documents from 1998 and 2005, Filtu is the capital of the woreda Liben or Filtu in the Liben zone of the Somali region.
There were differences between the various Somali sub-groups / clans about the choice of the main location for the entire zone: The Garre claimed this status for the city of Moyale , which has a relatively good infrastructure, but currently belongs to Oromia. The Degodia, on the other hand, preferred Filtu, although the infrastructure of this smaller place is more modest. In the 1990s, the Somali regional government temporarily made Filtu the capital.
Internally displaced people have settled near Filtu as a result of the conflict between Oromo and Somali and the drought . At the beginning of 2002, over 800 displaced households were living in three camps. 220 Degodia families said they came from the area between the Filtu- Negele Boran Strait in the north and the Dawa River in the south, 289 Gurra families and 243 Warra Dubba families said they were in the Bale- Fled Zone of Oromia.
swell
- ↑ a b c Central Ethiopian Statistics Agency : 2005 National Statistics, Section – B Population ( Memento of the original dated February 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , Table B.4 (PDF; 1.7 MB)
- ↑ a b c The 1994 Population and Housing Census of Ethiopia: Results for Somali Region, Volume I: Part I. Statistical Report on Population Size and Characteristics ( Memento of the original from September 23, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was created automatically used and not yet tested. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , 1998 (PDF; 49.4 MB), p. 75
- ↑ a b c d UNDP Emergencies Unit for Ethiopia: Socio-economic conditions of the population in Liben zone, Ethiopian Somali National Regional State , 1996
- ↑ a b Save the Children / Disaster Prevention and Preparedness Agency: Liban (Afder) Agropastoral Livelihood Zone ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 854 kB), 2002
- ^ Gebru Tareke: Ethiopia: Power and Protest. Peasant Revolts in the Twentieth Century , Red Sea Press 1996, ISBN 9781569020197 , pp. 142f.
- ^ Gebru Tareke: The Ethiopia-Somalia War of 1977 Revisited , in: International Journal of African Historical Studies 33, 2002 (pp. 645, 647, 660)
- ↑ cf. UN OCHA Ethiopia :, 2005 (PDF), file: Ethiopia-Somali.png , file: Ethiopia location map.svg ; Disaster Prevention and Preparedness Agency: Administrative Region and Woreda Map of Somali ( Memento of the original from March 5, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , 2006 (PDF; 150 kB)
- ↑ Internal Displacement Monitorin Center: Somali region: Root causes of, and background to displacement (August 2003) ( Memento of the original from February 18, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
