Fokker B types
| Fokker M.7 and M.10 | |
|---|---|
 Fokker M.10 |
|
| Type: | Training and reconnaissance aircraft |
| Design country: | |
| Manufacturer: | |
| First flight: |
1915 |
| Commissioning: |
1915-1916 |
| Production time: |
1915-1916 |
| Number of pieces: |
about 58 |
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The Fokker B-types were multipurpose aircraft of the German and Austro-Hungarian air forces in the First World War .
Fokker M.7
The Dutch aviation pioneer Anton Fokker was better known as a designer of monoplane aircraft until 1914. After the prototype of the two-seater high - decker Fokker M.6 broke in June 1914 , however, he commissioned his chief engineer Martin Kreutzer to build two-seater double-deckers, which were intended for the German Imperial Navy .
The first type of this series was the Fokker M.7 , a one -and- a -half-decker powered by an 80 HP Oberursel U.0 rotary engine and seven cylinders, with shortened lower wings and the welded tubular steel fuselage and chassis construction of the Fokker M.5 monoplane , military designation Fokker AI . The M.7, on the other hand, was listed as an unarmed two-seat biplane under the military class of the B-types, in which, as was still common at the time, the observer's seat was installed in front and that of the pilot behind it. However, it was possible to install control sticks for both crew members on training aircraft.
Since the production of the prototype was delayed in favor of the priority delivery of monoplane, the first flight of the M.7 was delayed until January 1915. Despite successful trials, the military aircraft acceptance tests later repeatedly broke, which was attributed to manufacturing defects. The subsequent reinforcement of the construction, however, led to losses in flight performance. A first series of ten Fokker B was produced, three went to the air force , seven to the Imperial Navy, which later ordered another ten. One of these machines was converted into a seaplane on a trial basis , but after unsuccessful tests the airplane, which had become too heavy due to the wooden swimmers, was converted again and handed over to the naval land aviation department in Berlin-Johannisthal for pilot training. While the Navy also used its Fokker B for reconnaissance missions, the air force only used theirs for school purposes. The Austro-Hungarian Kuk aviation troops also ordered 15 Fokker BIs, which were registered under the registration number 03 .
Fokker M.9
The M.9 was built as a three-seater fighter under the name Fokker KI with two separate tail units. It was a very unusual construction: In the middle nacelle, the pilot sat between two 80 HP Oberursel U.0 motors, the front one driving a pull propeller and the rear one a push propeller. A converted M.7 / 10 fuselage with tail unit was mounted to the right and left of the pilot and motor pod , in the bow of which a machine gun stand for an air gunner was installed instead of the engine . The aircraft did not get beyond the prototype stage.
Fokker M.10
The also two-seat Fokker M 10 was built as a real double-decker with wings of the same length. A first M.10 (number 03.61) was delivered to the KuK aviation troops from 1916 and was used for tests for the installation of on-board weapons. Since the delivery of engines was delayed, the other 20 aircraft did not follow until August – September, namely in the versions Fokker BI or Fokker M 10E ("single-handle") with 80 HP Oberursel U.0 engine and Fokker B.II or Fokker M 10Z (“two- legged ”) with 100 HP Oberursel U.1 engine, which, however, was also retrofitted in earlier types.
The Fokker B-types were used by the kuk Fliegerkompanien (Flik) 6 on the Eastern Front, 14, 25 and 27 on the Isonzo 6, 8, 12 and 19 in Carinthia , 16 and 17 in Tyrol as well as by the three Flieger Ersatzabteilung (Flek) 4, 6 and 8 used for pilot training until the end of the war.
Technical specifications
| Parameter | Fokker B / M.7 | Fokker KI / M.9 | Fokker BI-II / M.10 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Construction year | 1915 | 1916 | 1916 |
| Intended use | spotter | Fighter plane | Recon / trainer aircraft |
| length | 7.49 m | 7.49 m | |
| span | 11.70 m (top) 7.20 m (bottom) | 11.30 m | |
| height | 2.90 m | 2.50 m | |
| Wing area | 27.6 m² | 27.6 m² | |
| Empty mass | 380 kg | 409 kg | |
| Takeoff mass | 679 kg | 712 kg | |
| air-cooled rotary motor |
80 PS Oberursel U.0 | 2 × 80 PS Oberursel U.0 | 100 PS Oberursel U.1 |
| Top speed | 130 km / h | 130 km / h | |
| Service ceiling | 3000 m | 3000 m | |
| Flight duration | 1 h | ||
| Armament | 2 MG 08/15 | ||
| crew | 2 | 3 | 2 |
literature
- PD Stemp: Kites, Birds & Stuff - Aircraft of Germany - E to H . lulu.com, 2014, ISBN 1-291-29266-7 , pp. 436-438.
- Günter Kroschel, Helmut Stützer: The German military aircraft 1910–1918 . Lohse-Eissing, Wilhelmshaven 1977, ISBN 3-920602-18-8 .
- Heinz Nowarra: The Development of Airplanes 1914–1918 . Lehmanns, Munich 1959.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Terry Treadwell: German & Austro-Hungarian Aircraft Manufacturers 1908-1919 . Amberley, 2011, ISBN 978-1-4456-3702-0 , p. 339.
- ↑ PD Stemp: Kites, Birds & Stuff - Aircraft of Germany - E to H . lulu.com, 2014, ISBN 1-291-29266-7 , p. 437.
- ↑ cf. Archived copy ( Memento of October 3, 2015 in the Internet Archive )
- ^ Peter Gray, Owen Thetford: German Aircraft of the First World War . Putnam & Company Ltd., London 1970, ISBN 0 370 00103 6 , p. 339.
- ↑ cf. [1]