Forkenhof

The Forkenhof is part of the Theta district of the municipality of Bindlach in the Bayreuth district , Upper Franconia , about six kilometers from Bayreuth , on the Hohe Warte ridge. It includes a residential building and two barns.

The Forkenhof, in Theta House No. 28, is listed in the Bavarian Monument List as a residential stable house made of sandstone blocks , with a half-hipped roof and facade decor.

history

The Forkenhof, view from the southwest

The farm was first mentioned in a document in 1386, and from 1624 full evidence of the owner is available.

The outstanding personality was Johann Peter Popp, who lived from 1790 to 1860 and shaped the face of the court as it is still today. In 1832 he had the two-story residential building built and in 1835 the old barn, which was originally two eyelets longer to the east. The half-timbered extension with the old hall probably goes back to him. The first floor of the stable house was probably built after the Thirty Years War . The assumption is based on the stylistic habitus, especially the cornice formation, but also on the compliance with building regulations, which was slowly becoming established at the time. Solid wood as in the gable area was probably no longer used under Margrave Christian Ernst. The pitch of the roof also shows that it was not initially designed for a hard roof, a further indication that it was built before the second half of the 18th century at the latest.

In 1867 Johann Popp, grandson of Johann Peter Popp, built a small brewery about 100 meters from the homestead, which was demolished around 1950.

Blacksmith Johannes Huebsch at the Forkenhof, 1935

In 1872 his widow, Katharina Popp, had the outbuilding opposite the house in the escape of the old barn converted into a forge with a small apartment for the blacksmith. This building was also demolished during the last war; you come across his remains in the vegetable garden again and again. In 1938 the new barn was built.

From 1946 to 1948, the Forkenhof was used by Kibbutz Afikim as part of the Hachshara movement as a training center for Jewish survivors of the Holocaust in preparation for the colonization of Israel .

The renovations in the first half of the 20th century did not result in any significant changes to the art-historical substance of the house, but they were also inadequate from a structural point of view, so that considerable damage to the wooden structures was to be complained about in several places. Richard Zühlcke acquired the farm in 1977 and restored it according to historical preservation criteria. The primary goal was to secure the existing building fabric.

Structure

The appealing triad of the building mass residential house - stable - half-timbered extension did not arise all at once: Initially, there was probably a single, ground-floor structure, the contours of which are still represented today by the stable wing. The residential part had a strong gable , the one that still exists today next to the new building . The house will have reached up to the ledge in the base of the current 2.23 m from the edge. The gable will have been flanked by two dormers ; In the third rafter next to the gable, the combing is still present (the dormer was in the second rafter field - the current one is in the third). The first will have passed. The gable, like the preserved north gable, probably had a cripple hip ; the comparison with other ground floor houses would also suggest that it was not the case. The basement of the half-timbered extension will already have existed, but not to the present day; this suggests the joint in the cellar vaults. The type and shape of the covering of the cellar vaults is questionable. At first, the profiled wooden cornice of the new building ran across the entire street; a tow roof is therefore ruled out. The sandstone wall to the half-timbered extension does not show any connection to a gable roof. So it will only have been an overgrown earth cover. This assumption is reinforced by the base design.

The half-timbered extension was obviously added a few decades after 1832. Its eaves are profiled differently. However, the entire craftsmanship suggests that the origin is still to be found near the middle of the century. With the extension, the cellar vault will also have been enlarged.

The original ashlar building could have been built using the existing substance after the Thirty Years War. According to the 1386 yearbook, the courtyard itself existed in the early Middle Ages. The cross vaults and the small room may have been preserved from the earlier inventory, possibly also the black kitchen and the cellar vault, as well as the two block rooms on the upper floor.

Web links

• Homepage of the Forkenhof

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Forkenhof - Kibbutz Afikim (Hachshara) - Kibbutz Afikim (Hachsharah). In: after-the-shoah.org. January 1, 1946, accessed July 24, 2018 . 
2. ↑ Jim G. Tobias, Temporary Home in the Land of the Perpetrators - Jewish DP Camps in Franconia 1945-1949 , Antogo Verlag, Nuremberg, 2002, ISBN 978-3-9806636-3-2
3. ^ Extract from the chronicle of the Forkenhof of the Zühlcke family

Coordinates: 50 ° 0 '  N , 11 ° 33'  E