Research station Cape Baranow
 
| |
Coordinates: 79 ° 16 ′ 44 ″ N , 101 ° 37 ′ 32 ″ E
The research station Kap Baranow ( Russian полярная станция "Мыс Баранова" , scientific transliteration poljarnaja stancija "Mys Baranova" ) is located in the north of the Bolshevik Island in the Severnaya Zemlya archipelago . It is the largest research station in the Russian Arctic .
location
Severnaya Zemlya is one of the least explored regions of the Arctic Ocean . The station is located on the west side of Cape Baranow at a height of 30 m above Schokalsky Street , which separates the Bolshevik Island from the island of the October Revolution . The strait is about 40 km wide and up to 350 m deep. The area around the station has the character of a polar desert with numerous lakes. The area is characterized by a broad spectrum of naturally formed ice: fast ice and drift ice , icebergs , frozen lakes and rivers and ice caps up to 800 m high .
The nearest airport is in Chatanga, 800 km away . From there the station can be reached by helicopter . The drinking water for the station is fetched from Lake Osero Tverdoje, five kilometers away.
history
The Cape Baranow research station was founded in 1986 by the Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute to carry out and support research programs in the High Arctic. At that time, up to 100 scientists were working at the station at the same time, five times as many as today. After the collapse of the Soviet Union, state funding ceased in 1991. The station buildings were still used for tourism for five years. A total of around 200 visitors stayed here for a time. Then it was left to nature for 17 years. When the Russian ice drift station "North Pole 40" was endangered by an ice break, participants and material were brought from the atomic icebreaker Yamal to the former research station Cape Baranow in June 2013. It was reopened in August 2013. Most of the old buildings could be made usable again. Some new ones were added. The station is now the largest in the Russian Arctic and is again manned all year round.
climate
The climatic conditions in the vicinity of the station are subject to strong seasonal fluctuations. The polar night lasts from October 22nd to February 22nd and the polar day from April 22nd to August 22nd. There is an arctic climate with permafrost . Only in summer does a 30 to 40 cm thick layer of soil thaw on the surface. The air temperature is 0 to 4 ° C in summer and between −25 and −45 ° C in winter. The annual average temperature is −16 ° C. At the station, sustained winds blow mainly in a southerly direction and with an average speed of 10 to 15 m / s. In the transition seasons, wind speeds of 50 m / s can occur.
research
The main areas of activity of the Cape Baranow station are:
- routine and year-round meteorological, oceanographic, hydrological, geophysical, glaciological and biological observations,
- the implementation of comprehensive monitoring of the state and pollution of the environment,
- Investigations of gas exchange between the atmosphere and the Arctic Ocean and between the atmosphere and the ground,
- conducting experiments to study the processes that make up climate change in the high latitudes of the Arctic and assessing their effects on the environment and the ecosystem of the Arctic in Russia.
In addition, the station is used to support the logistics of polar research in the High Arctic, including securing the annual Russian ice drift expeditions or the MOSAiC expedition .
The research station is included in the German-Russian research project "CATS - The Arctic Transpolar System im Wandel", which is coordinated by the Helmholtz Center for Ocean Research Kiel (GEOMAR).
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c Ice Base Cape Baranova on the Global Cryosphere Watch website of the World Meteorological Organization , accessed on November 7, 2019.
- ↑ V. Kustov, A. Makshtas, V. Sokolov: Research station Ice Camp “Cape Baranova” (79N, 101E) - possible candidate to BSRN (PDF; 1.56 MB, English), accessed on November 7, 2019.
- ↑ a b c Владимир Власов: Крупнейшая российская полярная станция на мысе Баранова отмечает 30-летие . TASS , April 22, 2017 (Russian), accessed November 7, 2019.
- ↑ Атомный ледокол "Ямал" с высокоширотной морской экспедицией "Арктика-2013" на борту на борту Майсван зека " . Rosgidromet press release, June 24, 2013 (Russian), accessed November 7, 2019.
- ↑ a b TRANSDRIFT XXIV , Expedition Blog , Summer 2018, accessed on November 7, 2019.
- ↑ CATS: The Arctic Transpolar System in Transition on Planet Earth , accessed on November 7, 2019.