Franz Kutschera (SS member)
Franz Kutschera (born February 22, 1904 in Oberwaltersdorf , Lower Austria ; † February 1, 1944 in Warsaw , Poland ) was an Austrian politician (NSDAP) , SS brigade leader and major general of the police, de facto Gauleiter of Carinthia as Hubert Klausner's deputy and war criminal .
Life
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Kutschera was the son of a gardener. After attending elementary and community school, he was a cabin boy in the Austro-Hungarian Navy in 1918/1919 . He then completed an apprenticeship as a gardener and then worked in this profession. In the 1920s he lived in Czechoslovakia . He joined the NSDAP in late 1930 and the SS in late 1931 .
In 1934 Kutschera became deputy Gauleiter in Carinthia. From 1935 to March 1938 he was the leader of the 90th SS standard “Carinthia”, which was renamed “Franz Kutschera” in his honor after his death in 1944. He was imprisoned for almost a year in Austria during Austro-Fascism until the spring of 1938 because of his SS activities. a. in the detention camp in Wöllersdorf .
During the "annexation" of Austria to the German Reich , he was Gauleiter of Carinthia from February 1938 to March 1938 , then first deputy Gauleiter and finally from 1940 to November 1941 Gau manager of Carinthia. He was also on the SS staff in the Kassel area from March 1938 to June 1943 . After the Anschluss he also became a member of the Reichstag and remained so until his death. In early 1939 he became an honorary judge at the People's Court .
Kutschera was appointed SS Brigade Leader during the Second World War in 1940 and Major General of the Police in September 1942 . In the fight against partisans in the German-occupied areas of Carniola, he distinguished himself through fanaticism and extreme severity in the fight against partisans known as “fighting gangs and bandits” . From the end of January 1942 he was a member of the staff of the Higher SS and Police Leader Central Russia. He was finally appointed SS and Police Leader, first from April 1943 in the Mogilev district and from September 25, 1943 until his death on February 1, 1944 in the Warsaw district .
He was sentenced to death by the Polish Home Army with the consent of the Polish government-in-exile for the mass executions that he carried out on thousands of Polish civilians, and by an assassination attempt by the Polish scout resistance organization Szare Szeregi in his Opel Admiral , license plate SS-20795, in front of his official residence in Leszczyński Palace at 23 Aleje Ujazdowskie shot. Four assassins were killed in the attack. In retaliation, 100 Polish hostages were shot the following day.
literature
- Wolfgang Graf: Austrian SS generals. Himmler's reliable vassals , Hermagoras-Verlag, Klagenfurt / Ljubljana / Vienna 2012, ISBN 978-3-7086-0578-4 .
- Joachim Lilla (edit.): The Deputy Gauleiter and the representation of the Gauleiter of the NSDAP in the "Third Reich". (Materials from the Federal Archives, Issue 13) Koblenz 2003, ISBN 3-86509-020-6 , pp. 52–53.
- Erich Stockhorst: 5000 people. Who was what in the 3rd Reich . Arndt, Kiel 2000, ISBN 3-88741-116-1 (unchanged reprint of the first edition from 1967).
Web links
- Franz Kutschera in the database of members of the Reichstag
Individual evidence
- ^ Wolfgang Graf: Austrian SS Generals. Himmler's reliable vassals , Klagenfurt / Ljubljana / Vienna 2012, p. 279 f.
- ↑ Cf. Wolfgang Graf: Austrian SS Generals. Himmler's reliable vassals , Klagenfurt / Ljubljana / Vienna 2012, p. 281.
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Kutschera, Franz |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Austrian politician (NSDAP), MdR, SS general and police commander of Warsaw |
| DATE OF BIRTH | February 22, 1904 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Oberwaltersdorf , Lower Austria |
| DATE OF DEATH | February 1, 1944 |
| Place of death | Warsaw , Poland |