Franciscan monastery Goslar
.jpg)
The Franciscan Monastery Goslar , even brothers monastery , Minorite and Franciscan mendicant was a branch of the Franciscans in Goslar . The convent with the patronage of St. Lawrence existed from 1223 to 1530. There are no remains of the buildings.
history
According to tradition, Emperor Otto IV († 1218) founded the monastery; its existence is assured for the 1220s. Since 1223 the brothers of the Franciscan order founded in 1210 ( ordo fratrum minorum , order of the Friars Minor or Minorites) were resident there, who established permanent settlements in Germany since 1221. Goslar was one of the earliest Franciscan settlements in northern Germany. In the same year the monasteries in Hildesheim, Halberstadt , Braunschweig and Magdeburg were built . From 1230 these monasteries belonged to the Saxon Franciscan Province ( Saxonia ).
The property was located between the street, still known today as Hinter den Brüdern , and Claustorwall on the north-western edge of the city center, right next to the city wall. In numerous medieval towns that expanded in the 13th century, the Friars Minor were given building sites in a similar location. The Goslar monastery was expanded around 1300 by a donation from the city council. A Gothic church in approximate eastward orientation in the style of a mendicant order church belonged to the monastery complex ; it had a ridge turret instead of a steeple. The monastery buildings connected directly to the north side of the church and extended to the city wall.
The monastery was economically poor. There are noticeably few documents. The brothers worked as pastors for the townspeople and were particularly valued by the miners' unions , as can be seen from several altar foundations in the monastery church. The realm of legend includes late medieval reports of the brothers' medical and alchemical arts and the claim that Berthold Schwarz invented black powder here . In the 15th century, the Goslar Convention adopted the Martinian Constitutions in the course of the disputes over the issue of poverty in the Franciscan Order and thus followed a moderate direction in the interpretation of the vow of poverty.
As a result of the Reformation , which was introduced in Goslar in 1526, the convent had to be dissolved. A hospital was established in the buildings in 1569 . After the Edict of Restitution of 1629, the Franciscans returned, but fled from the Swedes in 1632.
The church was renovated and refurbished again in 1715–1717, but according to a building commission report from 1814 it had already collapsed at that time. In 1820 it was decided to demolish the entire monastery complex, which took place in 1823. The baroque donor windows came from the inventory to the Great Holy Cross , and several paintings to St. Jakobi .
In the early 1980s, a fragment of an epitaph was found in the immediate vicinity of the former monastery, possibly for an imperial bailiff who died in 1297. It was attached to a house wall in the street Behind the Brothers along with some vault ribs and keystones .
literature
- Goslar . In: Richard Baasch: The branches of the Minorites between Weser and Elbe in the thirteenth century. Dissertation, Breslau 1891, pp. 9-11
- Franciscan monastery . In: Wilhelm Mithoff : Art monuments and antiquities in Hanover . Hanover 1875, p. 54
- The Friars Minorite Monastery . In: Carl Wolff (ed.): The art monuments of the province of Hanover. II. Administrative district Hildesheim. 1st and 2nd city of Goslar. Hannover 1901, pp. 111-112
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ According to a seal impression of which only one drawing exists by Johann Michael Heineccius .
- ↑ monastery database
- ↑ Banasch p. 11
- ↑ Johannes Schlageter: The beginnings of the Franciscans in Thuringia. In: Thomas T. Müller, Bernd Schmies, Christian Loefke (Eds.): For God and the World. Franciscans in Thuringia. Paderborn u. a. 2008, pp. 32–37, here pp. 33f.
- ↑ Mithoff
- ↑ Banash
- ↑ Wolff
- ↑ a b inschriften.net
Coordinates: 51 ° 54 '23.1 " N , 10 ° 25' 12.4" E