Franciscan monastery Magdeburg

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The Franciscan monastery was a Franciscan monastery in Magdeburg , which existed from 1223 to 1542 and a remnant of the building still existed in the old town until the end of the 1950s. The monastery church, which was demolished in 1551, was named Barfüßerkirche .

history

Foundation and development

As early as 1223, the brothers of the Franciscan Order, founded in 1210, settled in Magdeburg; the first Franciscans came to Germany (Augsburg, Nuremberg and Regensburg) in 1221. Already on September 14, 1225 they were a monastery church on a site in Magdeburg's Old Town opposite the Ratswaage consecrate . In 1232 the monastery buildings were so big that a provincial chapter of the Saxon Franciscan Province ( Saxonia ) founded in 1230 could meet in Magdeburg, as was the case more often in later years. When Saxonia was divided into 12 custodians in 1274 , Magdeburg became the main monastery of the Magdeburg custody. In 1228, a theology course for the brothers in the Saxon monasteries was set up in the Magdeburg convent . The course had a further focus on law; between 1265 and 1275 the Saxon mirror of Eike von Repgow was translated into Upper German there. To 1395 in Magdeburg was general studies of Saxonia , which then, after the establishment of the local university , after Erfurt passed.

In the disputes between the Magdeburg city council and the archbishop in the 1430s, the Franciscans were on the side of the city council. When the Council of Basel and Emperor Sigismund imposed the ban on the city, the Franciscans were the only ones still exercising pastoral functions in the city. Around the middle of the 15th century, the convent adopted the Martinian Constitutions and thus took a moderate position on the question of how strictly the vow of poverty should be interpreted, even if this decision in the convention was not free of tension. Later, the convent was close to the observance and was therefore assigned by the order leadership in 1518 when the Saxon Franciscan province was divided into the observant Provincia Saxonia S. Crucis . In 1492 there was an incident in which, after a sermon by a Franciscan, who felt offended by two Jews, in front of shoe and blacksmith servants, they persecuted and murdered a Magdeburg Jew; In 1493 the archbishop expelled all Jews from the Archdiocese of Magdeburg and the Diocese of Halberstadt.

Repealed as a result of the Reformation

When the Reformation reached Magdeburg, the religious tried to stop it with numerous sermons in the city of Magdeburg, but were not very successful, because already in 1529 parts of the monastery were used as a Protestant city school; However, a member of the convent, Johann Fritzhans, converted to Lutheranism and from 1524 was active as a Protestant pastor in Magdeburg in spreading the Reformation in the city. After confrontations with the citizens of Magdeburg, all but one of the Franciscans left the city on February 15, 1542. The monastery building then became the city school.

After the site was sold to the citizen Georg Wipprecht, he left on the 14th / 15th. Demolish the church and the cloister in October 1551 in order to build houses there. The rest of the monastery complex remained. It survived the two destruction in Magdeburg and was only demolished at the end of the 1950s.

literature

  • Hans-Joachim Krenzke: Churches and monasteries in Magdeburg . City Planning Office Magdeburg, 2000. p. 67

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Dieter Berg (Ed.): Traces of Franciscan History. Werl 1999, p. 33.67.
  2. ↑ Dieter Berg (Ed.): Traces of Franciscan History. Werl 1999, p. 21.23.27.61.133.
  3. ↑ Dieter Berg (Ed.): Traces of Franciscan History. Werl 1999, p. 161.167.181.249.
  4. ↑ Dieter Berg (Ed.): Traces of Franciscan History. Werl 1999, p. 211.
  5. ↑ Dieter Berg (Ed.): Traces of Franciscan History. Werl 1999, p. 287.289.

Coordinates: 52 ° 8 ′ 0.2 ″  N , 11 ° 38 ′ 15 ″  E