Saint Petri Church (Magdeburg)
The Sankt-Petri-Kirche is a Catholic church in Magdeburg's old town . It is dedicated to Saint Peter , the patron saint of fishermen. It is part of the Romanesque Road .
history
Frose village church
The foundation stone was laid around 1150 on the Petersberg , an elevation on the banks of the Elbe . The church served as the parish church for the fishing village of Frose . The village and fishing port were at the foot of the building, which at that time was still in front of the gates and the city wall of Magdeburg, which was built in 1022 .
This first building had a single nave, had a nave with a flat wooden ceiling and a low altar house with a square shape. A semicircular apse was attached to the altar house . In the west there was a defensive tower made of quarry stone blocks , which is still preserved today. In 1213 the church and the village of Frose, as well as the Neustadt, were destroyed by the troops of Emperor Otto IV , who invaded from their army camp at Insleben .
The destruction of the northern suburbs was later used to expand the city of Magdeburg to the north. The newly built city wall now also included the location of the Sankt-Petri-Kirche and the southern part of Froses. The places Neustadt and Frose were rebuilt a little further north. The Sankt-Petri-Kirche was rebuilt on the old site.
The church was first mentioned in a document in 1258. The chronicler of the Magdeburg Schöppenchronik , Heinrich von Lammesspringe , obtained benefices as the church's altarist in the 14th century .
Reconstruction from 1400
Around 1400, the church was converted into a three-aisled Gothic hall church, probably at the instigation of Archbishop Albrecht von Querfurt . A five-sided apse was created from sandstone , which was erected east of the old building, which initially remained. The central axis of the church was moved significantly to the south. Due to its design and the effect achieved by the five high windows that completely occupy the walls, the apse is regarded as the most beautiful apse in the Magdeburg parish churches. In the later construction phases, such as the nave and the choir, building was more economical. Now greywacke was mainly used, sandstone was only used for windows and decorations.
The original tower on the west side remained, for reasons unknown today, even after the work on the nave was completed, although it no longer closed the church in the middle due to the central axis shifted to the south. The renovation work was completed in 1480. During this time, a vestibule with a Gothic brick gable was built in front of the double portal of the south aisle .
reformation
In the course of the Reformation in 1524, a Protestant pastor was elected for Sankt-Petri. The first Protestant sermon took place on July 17th, 1524. In 1546 the church received its first organ , which originally came from the Berge monastery .
Thirty Years War - Destruction and Reconstruction
When Magdeburg was stormed and destroyed in the Thirty Years' War by imperial troops under Tilly on May 10, 1631, the Sankt-Petri-Kirche burned down. Parts of the ribbed vault collapsed. The reconstruction of the church continued until the new consecration in 1689. A new pulpit was created in 1685 by Tobias Wilhelmi .
In 1699 the parish acquired a used organ from the St. Ulrich and Levin Church. In 1712 the church roof was rebuilt, which has now been designed as a baroque mansard roof . From 1734 to 1737 Johann Heinrich Rolle worked as an organist in the Sankt-Petri-Kirche.
Joachim Christoph Bracke was elected preacher in 1763, second preacher in 1765 and pastor in 1767 and, after 15 years of service at the Sankt-Petri-Kirche, in 1778 elected cathedral preacher in Magdeburg.
During the time of the French occupation, the church was used as a salt store in 1813 . When a new municipal burial order came into effect , the Petrikirchhof was closed in 1827. Funerals now had to take place exclusively in the north cemetery .
World War II - Destruction and Reconstruction
During the Second World War , Sankt Petri was badly destroyed during the great air raid on Magdeburg city center on January 16, 1945. Only the tower and the vestibule showed only minor damage.
In 1958 the Catholic parish of Sankt Sebastian bought the ruins. From 1962, the church was first cleared of rubble and then rebuilt as part of the Atonement Action . The sculptor Heinrich Apel created several details of the new interior in 1968, in addition to liturgical objects and above all the vault stone.
On November 20, 1970, the church was re-consecrated by Bishop Johannes Braun .
In the following time further work was carried out on the interior. After installing the colored glass windows created by Charles Crodel in 1970 , an organ gallery was built in 1987. On September 18, 1988 the inauguration of a Jehmlich organ (op. 1061, II / P / 23, mechanical game and stop action) took place. The reed voices used for this had to be imported from the Federal Republic of Germany by Jehmlich.
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On August 28, 1999, the church was awarded the title Catholic University Church .
On March 1, 2006, the Roman Catholic Diocese of Magdeburg the Community of Magdeburg East built the addition to the Pfarrvikarie St. Peter the Magdeburg parish of St. Andrew and the Pfarrvikarie Hl. Kreuz in Biederitz included. In November 2010 from the Community of today, according to St. Augustine of Hippo named parish of St. Augustine , St. Peter's Church is one of today.
It is planned to build a new Premonstratensian monastery next to Sankt Petri . The university and future monastery church is to form a comprehensive atrium complex together with the new monastery, the parish hall and the Magdalenenkapelle .
Concerts
Choir concerts, such as the European Choir Night, are also held in the Sankt-Petri-Kirche . This has been taking place annually since 2001 around Europe Day and offers joint concerts by the Biederitzer Kantorei with choirs from European regions.
See also
literature
- Helene Penner: The Magdeburg Parish Churches in the Middle Ages (Phil. Diss. University of Halle 1919), printed in: Saxony and Anhalt - Yearbook of the Historical Commission for Saxony-Anhalt , 2017, Volume 29, pp. 19-104, here pp. 43– 46.
- Hans-Joachim Krenzke: Churches and monasteries in Magdeburg. 2000.
- Sabine Ullrich: Magdeburg - architecture and urban development. Halle 2001, ISBN 3-929330-33-4 .
Web links
- Official website
- Catholic student community resident there
- The Catholic University Church of St. Petri in pictures
Individual evidence
- ^ Hans Schröder : Lexicon of the Hamburg writers to the present . tape 1 , no. 421 . Perthes-Besser & Mauke, Hamburg 1851 ( facsimile on the pages of the Hamburg State and University Library).
- ↑ The discs are signed and dated.
- ↑ according to information boards at the time of this new organ, which were in the Petrikirche.
- ↑ http://www.bistum-magdeburg.de/front_content.php?idcat=1422&idart=2529&lang=5
Evangelical Church in Central Germany : Magdeburg Cathedral | St. Ambrose | St. Briccius | St. Eustachius and Agathe | Saint Egidius | St. George | St. Gertraud | St. Gertrauden | Hope Church | Ida Hubbe pen | St. John the Baptist | Kreuzkirche | St. Laurence | Martin Gallus Church | St. Nicolai | St. Pauli | St. Petri (Beyendorf) | Church of the Pfeiffer Foundations (Samariterkirche) | Reformation Church | St. Sebastian (Lemsdorf) | St. Sophie | St. Stephani | St. Stephen | St. Thomas | Wallon Church
Diocese of Magdeburg : Cathedral of St. Sebastian | St. Adalbert | St. Agnes | St. Andrew | St. Joseph | Magdalenenkapelle | St. Mary Help | St. Mary's | St. Marienstift Chapel | St. Mechthild | St. Norbert | St. Petri
New Apostolic Church Central Germany : New Apostolic Church Magdeburg-Süd | New Apostolic Church Magdeburg-Neustadt
Independent Evangelical Lutheran Church : St. Johann Baptist
Former churches: Alexius Chapel | German Reformed Church | French Reformed Church | Holy Spirit Church | St. Jakobi | St. Catherine's | Luther Church | Mauritius Monastery | St. Martin | St. Martini | Ortisei-and-Levin
Coordinates: 52 ° 8 ′ 0.5 ″ N , 11 ° 38 ′ 41.8 ″ E