Women's resistance camp

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The women's resistance camp in Reckershausen in the Hunsrück was an anti-militarist and feminist protest camp . It was directed against the planned and finally implemented stationing of 96 cruise missiles in the region - through the NATO double resolution . The first of a total of eleven camps took place in 1983.

Basics

Sticker for the 2nd women's resistance camp 1984 in the Hunsrück

The women protested against armaments and the military as well as against the "everyday war against women", lesbians and girls through various forms of "male violence" (such as sexual harassment , pornography , peep shows or rape ). Up to 2,000 women took part in the camps (in the first few years) over the course of the respective camp period, coming from all over Germany, but also from other countries such as Denmark, Austria and Switzerland. The central political affiliations of the camp participants were the women's, lesbian and peace movements. What was striking about the protests was the far-reaching left political alliances that the feminists forged for the first camps.

The idea of ​​building a temporary tent village as a separatist women's place was also a response to the experiences of sexism, androcentrism and the lack of feminist perspectives on war and the military in mixed-gender peace contexts, for example during the mixed blockade in Großengstingen in the summer of 1982. A model for Hunsrück campers was u. a. the English women's peace camp in Greenham Common , a US air force base.

The "camp women", as they called themselves, were used as forms of protest. a. Demonstrations, vigils, blockades, occupations, disruptions to military processes, acts of sabotage against military construction sites, spraying and other actions such as the setting up of alternative memorial plaques. The one-day occupation Particularly spectacular was a construction crane company Hochtief in the military exclusion zone is 18 women on 27 August 1984th

The discussion topics of the women's resistance camps, which went beyond militarism and other forms of violence, were diverse, among others: " Anti-Semitism (such as taking over struggles, making them invisible), xenophobia, fascism (entanglement in family histories, historical commemoration), classicism (social origin, money issues), Consumption (denial, subsistence), ecology (nuclear power, handling of resources, nutrition), racism (racist language and socialization, separate camp rooms for blacks [women]), repression ('security laws'), lesbian separatism , sexual violence, Differences among women as well as different forms of resistance that were practiced in parallel. "

In the early years, the camps received a lot of media attention: It reported the ARD - Tagesschau on 23 July 1983 and the SWR on August 1, 1983; In addition, articles appeared in women's movement media such as Courage and Emma, ​​in the peace movement press such as the Hunsrück Forum, but also in magazines as diverse as Brigitte (13/1985), Quick (September 1983) and Stern (August 1983). Furthermore, the protests were accompanied by numerous articles in local, regional and national newspapers - often negative.

“Over the years, the character of the camps shifted in favor of dealing with sexualized violence; the anti-militarism discussions and actions took a back seat. Regarding the connection between 'militarism and violence', the Hunsrück has repeatedly referred to the 'change in consciousness' that took place in the region through the women's resistance camps. "

The respective duration of the political camping varied between four and eight, mostly it was seven weeks. The women's resistance camps were preceded by various local, supraregional and nationwide preparatory meetings lasting several days and followed by appropriate follow-up work. The last tents were pitched in the summer of 1993; the camp planned for 1994 was no longer carried out. After the “women's resistance camps” in the Hunsrück, there were no longer any explicitly anti-militarist and feminist camps that were comparable in terms of topics or scope.

literature

  • Anna Feigenbaum, Fabian Frenzel, Patrick McCurdy: Protest camps. Zed Books, London 2013, ISBN 978-1-78032-355-8 .
  • Matthias Kagerbauer: The peace movement in Rhineland-Palatinate. The Hunsrück as the center of the protest against retrofitting . Master's thesis in the Department of History and Cultural Studies at Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz 2008. online, (download 6/2009) ( Memento from February 1, 2014 in the Internet Archive ).
  • Ulrike Müller: Women in the Peace Movement. In: Women's history of the Hunsrück region. Between tradition and new beginnings published by the Frauenforum project team. Idar-Oberstein 2010, pp. 137–177.
  • Christiane Leidinger : 11 years of resistance: Women's resistance camps in Reckershausen in the Hunsrück from 1983 to 1993 . In: W & F. Science and Peace. 2/2010, pp. 47–50 (in the online version with many references, including source material). (online) .
  • Christiane Leidinger: Chronology of the anti-militarist and feminist women's resistance camps in Reckershausen in the Hunsrück (1983-1993 / 1994) . In: W & F. Science and Peace. 3/2010 .
  • Christiane Leidinger: Controversial coalitions in the political laboratory camp - anti-militarist-feminist alliances and alliance work as contingent, social processes. In: Austrian Journal for Political Science. 3/2011, pp. 283-300.
  • Christiane Leidinger: Potential of Political Camping - Old and New Camps as Action Laboratories. In: LuXemburg. Social analysis and left practice. H. 4, 2012, pp. 110-117. online (since 3/2013) at: zeitschrift-luxemburg.de
  • Christiane Leidinger: Feminist resistance par excellence - political camping in the Hunsrück. In: Bargetz, Brigitte / Fleschenberg dos Ramos Pinéu, Andrea / Kerner, Ina / Kreide, Regina / Ludwig, Gundula (eds.): Criticism and Resistance: Feminist Practices in Androcentric Times (= Politics and Gender Series, Volume 26). Opladen / Berlin / Toronto: Verlag von Barbara Budrich, pp. 79–95.

Web links

See also

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ z. B. Christiane Leidinger : Potentials of political tenting. 2012; Anna Feigenbaum u. a .: Protest camps. 2013.
  2. ↑ z. B. Anita Heiliger: What is called peace is everyday war against women - lesbians in anti-violence work. In: Gabriele Dennert, Christiane Leidinger, Franziska Rauchut (eds.): Keep moving. 100 years of lesbian politics, culture and history. With the collaboration of Stefanie Soine. Berlin 2007, pp. 91–94, here, p. 91.
  3. ^ Christiane Leidinger: Controversial coalitions in the political laboratory camp - anti-militarist-feminist alliances and alliance work as contingent, social processes. In: Austrian Journal for Political Science . 3/2011, pp. 283-300; Christiane Leidinger: 11 years of resistance: Women's resistance camps in Reckershausen in the Hunsrück from 1983 to 1993. In: W & F. Science and Peace. 2/2010, pp. 47-50, here p. 48.
  4. ↑ See e.g. B. Gabriele Dennert, Christiane Leidinger, Franziska Rauchut: Lesbians in anger - lesbian movement in the FRG in the 1970s. In this. (Ed.): Keep moving. 100 years of lesbian politics, culture and history. With the collaboration of Stefanie Soine. Berlin 2007, pp. 31–61, here, p. 51.
  5. ↑ Cf. Christiane Leidinger: 11 years of resistance: women's resistance camps in Reckershausen in the Hunsrück from 1983 to 1993. In: W & F. Science and Peace. 2/2010, pp. 47-50, here p. 47f.
  6. ↑ See Harford, Barbara / Hopkins, Sarah (eds.): Greenham Common. Women in Resistance, Munich: Women's Offensive 1984.
  7. ↑ See Karola Maltry: The new women's peace movement. Origin, development, meaning. Frankfurt am Main / New York 1993, p. 148.
  8. ↑ See women's resistance (ed.): Women's resistance in the Hunsrück. In: Frauengeschichte (n) 1983–1985. Self-published women's resistance, 1985, p. 261.
  9. ↑ Christiane Leidinger: 11 years of resistance: Women's resistance camps in Reckershausen in the Hunsrück from 1983 to 1993. In: W & F. Science and Peace. 2/2010, pp. 47-50, here p. 48.
  10. ↑ See Tagesschau (1983): Tagesschau message on the women's resistance camp in the Hunsrück on July 23, 1983, 8 p.m. Report by Rutger Eicker.
  11. ↑ Christiane Leidinger: 11 years of resistance: Women's resistance camps in Reckershausen in the Hunsrück from 1983 to 1993. In: W & F. Science and Peace. 2/2010, pp. 47–50, here p. 47.
  12. ↑ See Ulrike Müller: Separation, Provocation, Action, Meditation - The Women's Resistance Camp. In: Projektteam Frauenforum (ed.): Between tradition and awakening - women's history of the Hunsrück region. Simmern 2009, pp. 165-170.