Hirsch on Gereuth
Hirsch auf Gereuth is the name of a Franconian court factor and aristocratic family , whose family line begins with Moses Hirsch (around 1740–1810), a merchant in Königshofen (now Gaukönigshofen ) near Ochsenfurt . The family was of Jewish origin.
The original line in Gereuth died out in 1896, the Planegger branch still exists.
history
- The Bavarian nobility with the name increase "auf Gereuth" was awarded on August 13, 1818 in Munich for Moses' son Jacob (or Jakob) Hirsch , landlord of Gereuth , wholesaler and royal Bavarian court banker in Würzburg , with matriculation in the Kingdom of Bavaria with the aristocratic class at August 23, 1818. In 1815 he acquired the former prince-bishop's country palace Gereuth in Lower Franconia (now part of Untermerzbach ) and in 1824 the Hofmark Planegg a few kilometers southwest of Munich from the Count of Thürheim .
- Jacob's son, the royal Bavarian court banker Joseph von Hirsch auf Gereuth , landlord on Planegg with Krailling and Fronloh , Harlaching with Hellabrunn and Siebenbrunn , with enrollment in the Kingdom of Bavaria in , received the Bavarian baron status as "Freiherr von Hirsch" in Munich on April 2, 1869 of the baron class on May 6, 1869.
- Joseph's grandson Theodor (Baron) von Hirsch (* 1868) received the Bavarian baron status at Hohenschwangau Castle on January 13, 1882, with enrollment in the Kingdom of Bavaria with the baron class on February 20, 1882.
- The Hirsch banking house on Munich's Promenadeplatz existed until 1885.
Coat of arms (1818, 1869)
In gold on a green three-hill an erect natural stag . The deer growing on the helmet with its blue and gold covers .
Gereuther Zweig
Jacob's successor in the von Hirsch auf Gereuth line was his first-born son Julius Jakob Joel, born in 1789. Gereuth Castle, acquired by Jakob von Hirsch in 1815 , was sold again in 1859.
In contrast to other noble families of Jewish origin (e.g. the Freiherren von Oppenheim in Cologne), the Hirschs on Gereuth did not convert to Christianity, but remained true to the Jewish faith and their Jewish identity even as aristocratic barons. The Planegger line later became Catholic.
Bearer of the name Hirsch on Gereuth
- Jakob von Hirsch (born September 22, 1765 in Gaukönigshofen near Ochsenfurt, † December 24, 1840 in Planegg) was a German banker and merchant of the Jewish faith.
- Julius Jakob Joel von Hirsch auf Gereuth (1789–1876), founder of a bank in 1811, most important Würzburg entrepreneur and banker in the 19th century
- Karl Hirsch and Joseph Hirsch (1831–1920), sons of Joel Jakob von Hirsch
- Baron Maurice de Hirsch (1831–1896), actually Moritz Freiherr von Hirsch auf Gereuth, nephew of Jakob von Hirsch. Baron Hirsch multiplied his fortune with railway concessions in the Ottoman Empire and became the most important Jewish philanthropist of the second half of the 19th century.
- Lucian de Hirsch (1857–1887) died childless. His father was the last of the sex and outlived him by nine years. The father reacted to the death of the son with the words "I have lost my son, but not my heir, my inheritance is humanity".
- Paul Alarich Baron von Hirsch auf Gereuth, born on May 27, 1874 in Würzburg; murdered August 26, 1942
Planegger branch
Jakob von Hirsch bequeathed the properties in Planegg and Krailling to his second son Josef , born in 1805.
The Planegg Castle was the target of a major attack in the Kristallnacht in November 1938, it was set on fire and several rooms were gutted by fire. The brothers Karl von Hirsch and Rudolf von Hirsch were deported to the Theresienstadt ghetto in 1942, the older Karl died there in 1944, and Rudolf was forced to cede Planegg Castle to the city of Munich. After 1945 he got it back; it is still owned by the von Hirsch barons.
Bearer of the Planegger branch
- Josef von Hirsch (1805–1885), co-founder of the artificial fertilizer factory Süd-Chemie
- Theodor von Hirsch (1838–1916), lord of the castle at Ortenberg Castle (Baden)
- Karl von Hirsch (1871–1944), brewery director, died in the Theresienstadt ghetto
- Rudolf von Hirsch (1875–1975), banker and landowner
- Ferdinand von Hirsch (1906-2001)
- Andreas von Hirsch (* 1934), legal philosopher and criminal theorist
- Hubert von Hirsch (* 1938), graduate chemist and patent attorney
- Philipp von Hirsch (* 1969), consultant in market research and CSU local politician
literature
- Erika Bosl: The von Hirsch-Gereuth family in the 18th and 19th centuries, bankers . In: Manfred Treml and Wolf Weigand (eds.): History and culture of the Jews in Bavaria. CVs (publications on Bavarian history and culture 18), Munich [u. a.] 1988, pp. 63-70, ISBN 3-598-07544-8 .
- Genealogisches Handbuch des Adels , Adelslexikon Volume V, page 232, Volume 84 of the complete series, CA Starke Verlag, Limburg (Lahn) 1984.
- Lilian Harlander: "... a perfect brewery is close to perfection." The von Hirsch family and their castle brewery in Planegg near Munich. In: Lilian Harlander, Bernhard Purin (ed.): Beer is the wine of this country. Jewish brewing stories , Volk Verlag, Munich 2016, ISBN 978-3-86222-211-7 , pp. 71-93.
- Joseph Prys: The Hirsch family on Gereuth. , Munich 1931.
See also
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Ursula Gehring-Münzel: The Würzburg Jews from 1803 to the end of the First World War. In: Ulrich Wagner (Hrsg.): History of the city of Würzburg. Volume III / 1–2: From the transition to Bavaria to the 21st century. 2007, pp. 499-528 and 1306-1308, here: pp. 507 f.
- ↑ Ursula Gehring-Münzel: The Würzburg Jews from 1803 to the end of the First World War. In: Ulrich Wagner (Hrsg.): History of the city of Würzburg. Volume III / 1–2: From the transition to Bavaria to the 21st century. 2007, pp. 499-528 and 1306-1308, here: pp. 524 f.
- ↑ stolpersteine-wuerzburg.de: Biography Paul Alarich Baron von Hirsch auf Gereuth , accessed on May 21, 2017