Ortenberg Castle (Baden)
The locations Schloss is the symbol of the Ortenau and lies above the place Ortenberg at the end of Kinzigtal between Offenburg and Gengenbach .
The origins of Ortenau Castle go back to a castle from the 11th / 12th centuries. Century back. Ortenau Castle was originally built by the Zähringer family to protect the Kinzig Valley; today there is a youth hostel in Ortenberg Castle .
history
After the construction of Ortenberg Castle by the Zähringer in the 11th / 12th. In the 18th century, the castle was used as the seat of the Ortenau bailiffs during the Hohenstaufer rule . The administrative seat for the Landvogtei Ortenau was the realm tax center, court and customs authority.
The castle complex was first expanded in the 15th century when the castle was expanded to include the defense towers (roundabouts) with cannons. The castle was first destroyed in 1678 during the Franco-Dutch War , when Louis XIV had the castle destroyed by Marshal François de Créquy . After a reconstruction in the following years, the castle was destroyed again in 1697. As a result of this renewed destruction, the seat of the provincial bailiffs was moved to Offenburg by bailiff Franz de Neveu .
The present castle was built in 1838–1843 by Baron Gabriel Leonhard von Berckholtz (1781–1863) from Livonia , who had it rebuilt in the English style on the medieval ruins by Friedrich Eisenlohr . He entrusted the construction management to his student Georg Jakob Schneider . A subsequent owner was Theodor von Hirsch (1838-1916) from the Bavarian banking family of the Barons von Hirsch .
The castle has been used as a youth hostel since 1942. Further building repair measures to maintain the building fabric followed in 1974–1981. In the years 1984–1985 the painter's tower was restored. The Schimmel and Jakob storms followed in 1986–1988.
It was named " Monument of the Month February 2010" by the Monument Foundation Baden-Württemberg .
architecture
Towers
Painters tower
The Malerturm was once the painter's studio of Alexandra von Berckholtz , the daughter of the locksmith builder Gabriel L. Berckholtz. In the 15th century the tower was built as a powder tower ( arsenal ) and is now used by the municipality of Ortenberg as a wedding room.
Jakobsturm
During the reconstruction from 1838–1843, the original two floors of the lower Zwinger complex were added with a further tower. The Jakobsturm, named after the son of the locksmith builder, served as a defense against the enemies who had penetrated the neck ditch . The Jakobsturm was renovated inside in 1986/1987.
Schimmelturm
The Schimmelturm is the highest tower in the complex (mhd. Schimmel = main). It was internally renovated between 1986 and 1988 and received its current stair tower, which was blown off in 1678. As early as 1840 the actual tower was raised again in the Gothic style; today the tower contains a staircase that was not originally there. The doors that can be seen today do not come from the original buildings. The former dungeon was in the Schimmelturm , prisoners were lowered into the dungeon using a reel and were surrounded by 4 m thick walls. Even after the destruction in 1679–97, the dungeon was still used as a prison until the imperial governor's prison was built in the village in 1770. It is located in the old town hall. The Schimmelturm can be climbed as a lookout tower .
Chapel tower
The chapel tower is a former battery tower from the 15th century, the tower was partially blown up in 1678. In the years 1838–1843 it was renovated and used as a castle chapel.
Painters tower
Jakobsturm
Schimmelturm
Chapel tower
Rock cellar
The rock cellar, which was burned down in 1678, is still waiting to be excavated today.
literature
- Kurt Klein: Castles, palaces and ruins - witnesses of the past in the Ortenau district . Reiff Schwarzwaldverlag, Offenburg 1997, ISBN 3-922663-47-8 , pp. 89-90.
- Gernot Vilmar: Securing and repairing Ortenberg Castle in the Ortenau district . In: Denkmalpflege in Baden-Württemberg , 10th year 1981, issue 2, pp. 66–75. ( PDF )
Web links
- Ortenberg Castle - Baden's fairytale castle on a private website
- Blue blood at Ortenberg Castle - history of Ortenberg Castle
- Ortenberg Castle on palaces and castles in Baden-Württemberg
- Historical reconstruction drawing
Individual evidence
Coordinates: 48 ° 26 '37.7 " N , 7 ° 58' 22.4" E