Fricke van Twedorp

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Fricke van Twedorp (also Fricke von Zweydorff , as first name also Vricke / Friedrich ; * approx. 1355 probably in Braunschweig ; † 1428 ibid) was a German wholesaler and long-distance trader during the Hanseatic period and mayor of the Neustadt district in Braunschweig.

family

Van Twedorp belonged to the von Zweydorff patrician family, which can be traced back to Braunschweig in 1337 . He was born as the son of the Brunswick long-distance trader and councilor Lubbert / Ludbert van Twedorp (councilor in the Neustadt 1362–1373, † 1387) and his wife Kyne (née Lutherdes van Barberge). He was married twice: first to Alheid van Adenstede around 1390 and then to Alheyd van Ledinghusen, mentioned in 1427.

Work in Braunschweig

Van Twedorp was a councilor in 1386 and, as treasurer, was responsible for the finances of the new town. From 1392 to 1425 he was mayor. Like his father, he was a "Utwendiger", ie as an entrepreneur and long-distance trader, since 1384 he was also a member of the Beckenwerker Guild, which was one of the oldest and most distinguished in Braunschweig. He was also a member of the Kramer Guild, an association of merchants and merchants. Van Twedorp invested a large fortune in house interest, land and tithe holdings, including ducal fiefs, and was considered the dominant person in terms of his wealth and the economic strength developed in the new town.

Postcard (probably from the 1920s): Fricke Tweedorp brings Pope Johannes XXIII's founding document. for the two Latin schools Martineum and Katharineum from Konstanz to Braunschweig.

He was entrusted with diplomatic tasks in the foreign policy of the city of Braunschweig, which was reflected, among other things, in his mission to the Hanseatic days or the mediation missions between the dukes, the city and the bishops of Hildesheim. His name among several letters of honor ( hereditary homage ) to the dukes, the actual city lords of Braunschweig, shows the political influence that he had already developed around the year 1400. He belonged to the Braunschweig family who, as part of the so-called Pfaffenkriegs (1413-1420), were supposed to protect the interests of the city vis-à-vis the local clergy, the bishops (especially Hildesheims) and the dukes. When this dispute had also extended to the legality of the establishment of council schools independent of the clergy, he got the founding charter of two schools - under the sovereignty of the council - from Pope John XXIII in 1415 . from the Council of Constance on Lake Constance. This affected the schools St. Martini and St. Katharinen in the Weichbildern Altstadt and Hagen, today's Martino-Katharineum grammar school , which thus became the oldest municipal school in Braunschweig and Lower Saxony.

To a large extent, van Twedorp was involved in the robber baron mischief of the time . His name can be found on April 23, 1384 among the founding members of the Braunschweig Brotherhood of Arms of the Lilienvente . In doing so he undertook to go into battle on horseback and provided six horses, i.e. mounted soldiers. Presumably he took part in the Battle of Winsen an der Aller four years later, as part of the War of the Lüneburg Succession .

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Jürgen Bohmbach: The social structure of Braunschweig around 1400. In: Braunschweiger Werkstücke (=  publications from the city archive and the city library . Volume 10 , row A). tape 49 . Orphanage printing and publishing house, Braunschweig 1973, OCLC 164809231 , p. 71 u. 86 .
  2. ^ Copy from Henricus Bünting, Br.-Lün. Chronica 1722, III., Chapter 51, p. 702.
  3. ^ Copy from Henricus Bünting, Br.-Lün. Chronica 1722, III., Chapter 51, p. 686. // Sudendorf UB July 9, 1405 (p. 119, 127, 273, 342, 347, 348, 349, 359), Sudend. UB June 23, 1406. Goswin Frhr. von der Ropp, Hanserecesse I., 1876, pp. 52, 72.
  4. ↑ The chronicles of the nieders. Cities, Vol. II, 1962 - "The Pfaffenbuch", pp. 24, 37.
  5. ↑ The chronicles of the nieders. Cities, Vol. II, 1962 - "The Pfaffenbuch", pp. 24, 37.
  6. ^ Heinrich Dürre: History of the City of Braunschweig in the Middle Ages, Braunschweig 1861, pp. 203f.
  7. ↑ Gerd Biegel: "... to no small harm and disadvantage ..." The foundation of the Martino-Katharineum 600 years ago. - In Brunswick homeland. I / 2015.
  8. ^ The chronicles of the cities of Lower Saxony. Braunschw. Vol. I, (1962) p. 68. // Cf. the essay "Braunschweig in the everyday guerrilla war of the Middle Ages" in: L. Haenselmann, Werkstücke Vol. I, Wolfenb. 1887.
  9. ↑ Joachim Lehrmann: '' Robber barons between Heide, Harz and Weser '', Lehrte 2007, pp. 196-200.
  10. ↑ PC Ribbentrop, Descr. D. City Braunschweig, Meyer, 1789, p. LXXXIVff. From Gerickens Chr. Von Braunschweig.
personal data
SURNAME Twedorp, Fricke van
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Tvedorp, Vricke van
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German wholesalers and long-distance traders during the Hanseatic period, mayor of the Neustadt district in Braunschweig
DATE OF BIRTH around 1355
PLACE OF BIRTH uncertain: Braunschweig
DATE OF DEATH 1428
Place of death Braunschweig