Nenningen cemetery chapel
The Nenningen cemetery chapel , also known as the Mother of God Chapel in older literature , is a former field chapel in Nenningen .
description
The single-nave chapel has a semicircular apse . The portal and the windows have flat arches. The nave is 7.75 meters long and 6.1 meters wide, the choir 3.6 meters long and wide. The room height is 4.5 meters, the outer height up to the roof 5 meters, up to the roof ridge 10 meters and up to the cross point on the roof turret 14 meters.
Since December 8, 1774, the chapel has housed the Nenninger Pietà by Franz Ignaz Günther .
history
The predecessor of the Nenningen cemetery chapel was a small Gothic path chapel. It was mentioned several times in invoices, first in 1582, then again in 1592 and 1715. It may have housed a 60 centimeter high Pietà , which was later transferred to the parish church of St. Martinus.
In 1774 the wayside chapel was replaced by the later cemetery chapel. Presumably, the decision was made to build this building out of gratitude after the famine of the years up to 1772, which was probably caused by a volcanic eruption in Iceland , had been overcome.
The new chapel was planned by Pastor Sebastian Kibler by the Gmünd city master builder Johann Michael Keller , built by the master masons Melchior Waibel and Konrad Geiger from Nenningen. As patron saint, Max Emanuel von Rechberg and Rothenlöwen donated the building materials, the craftsmen were paid by the care of saints and the parishioners were called in for handicrafts and tension services.
Dean Schroz from Donzdorf consecrated the chapel on June 12, 1774 in honor of the Most Holy Trinity , the painful Mother of God , St. Florian and St. Wendelin . Auxiliary Bishop Wilhelm Josef Leopold von Baden arranged for the consecration of the chapel and the altar on August 4th of the same year .
In the year of the consecration, the Nenninger Pietà, a major work by the sculptor Franz Ignaz Günther, was created and placed in the chapel. The Nenninger Pietà is the only work of art by Günther that came to Württemberg . It is considered his most mature and last work. Max Emanuel von Rechberg und Rothenlöwen, as the king's chief steward, often lived in the Rechberg-Palais in Munich and thus in the neighborhood of Günther, who, along with Johann Baptist Straub , his teacher, was considered the most respected sculptor in Munich. Günther received 125 guilders for the Pietà, which the chief steward ordered from him for the Nenninger chapel. He died the year after this work was completed.
The pietà, made of linden wood, arrived in Nenningen on December 8, 1774 and was consecrated on the first Sunday of Lent in 1775. Then the first Holy Mass was celebrated in front of this work of art. From this point on, mass should be celebrated every Saturday in front of the work of art.
On November 14, 1775, a 39.5 kilo bell was delivered that had cost 52 guilders and 40 kreuzers.
At the time of the Enlightenment , a decree was issued by the Constance diocese administrator Ignaz von Wessenberg , in which the closure and demolition of the chapel was ordered. The Pietà should be transferred to the parish church. This decree of October 31, 1811, which was probably initiated by the local pastor Joseph Alois Rink , was not followed. The chapel became the property of the bourgeois community and was not returned to the parish until 1892.
Pastor Josef Eiser took office in 1811. Instead of having the chapel torn down, he saw to it that its ceiling and roof turret were renewed. In 1855 the Pietà was painted in color by the Gmünd painter Klein. This change was not reversed until 1951. In 1868 Xaver Kolb from Ehingen painted the walls and ceilings of the chapel with scenes from the life of the Virgin Mary; In addition, the chapel received colored windows and a floor covering made of Böhmenkircher panels, plus new chairs. The roof turret was covered with green glazed tiles. In 1870 a harmonium was purchased.
The chapel's centenary was celebrated with a triduum in 1874 . At that time, an adjacent piece of land was purchased on which the new Nenningen cemetery was built. From this time on the chapel served as a cemetery chapel .
The roof turret was badly damaged by a lightning strike on July 21, 1921. Since no bricks with green glaze could be obtained at that time, it was now covered with sheet metal. It was also fitted with a lightning rod . In 1925, the heavily reluctant altar was renewed.
When the Pietà was removed from the chapel for a long time in 1951 in order to be shown at exhibitions and to be restored, the chapel was rebuilt. The gallery was removed, as were the colored windows from the 19th century, which were replaced by light-colored slugs. The wall and ceiling paintings also had to give way and were replaced by two ceiling frescoes by August Braun . A round window that had been broken into the choir in 1813 was walled up and the high choir grille removed.
In 1969/70 the chapel was restored, which had become necessary due to moisture damage. The foundations on the west and south sides were renewed. The chapel was connected to the electricity and water supply and received heating. The flooring and the chairs were renewed, as well as the plaster inside and outside. The mid-century ceiling frescos and stucco were removed, as was the altar. The Pietà was placed on a shell limestone stele. The roof was re-covered and a larger roof turret was put on. A bell from 1425 weighing 230 kilograms was hung there. The window and door frames made of Donzdorf sandstone were scratched. This renovation cost a total of DM 136,000.
From 2003 to 2005 the chapel was renovated again and received a new floor, new benches, new windows and a new electrical system. As the only sacred building among 61 proposed and 15 awarded objects, it received an award in the competition "Exemplary Building."
literature
- Parish of St. Martinus Lauterstein-Nenningen (ed.), Lauterstein-Nenningen cemetery chapel and Pieta by Franz Ignaz Günther (1725–1775) , Lauterstein-Nenningen 1981.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ A b Isidor Fischer: Home book for Weißenstein and surroundings. 1st part: local history . Verlag der Rems-Zeitung, Schwäbisch Gmünd 1927, p. 191.
- ↑ a b c d Parish of St. Martinus Lauterstein-Nenningen (ed.), Lauterstein-Nenningen cemetery chapel and Pieta by Franz Ignaz Günther (1725–1775) , Lauterstein-Nenningen 1981.
- ↑ The Nenninger Pieta 1774 at www.denkmalpflege-bw.de (last accessed on June 26, 2019).
- ↑ cemetery chapel Nenningen on www.pieta-nenningen.de (last accessed on 26 June 2019).
- ↑ structure of the Pieta on www.pieta-nenningen.de (last accessed on 26 June 2019).
- ↑ Renovation on www.pieta-nenningen.de (last accessed on June 26, 2019).
Coordinates: 48 ° 42 ′ 31.7 " N , 9 ° 51 ′ 31.6" E