Friedland District Railway

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The Friedländer Bezirksbahnen (FBB), officially Czech from 1919: Frýdlantské okresní dráhy (FOD) was a railway company in Austria and its successor state Czechoslovakia . The company was based in Friedland in Bohemia (Frýdlant v Čechách) in today's Czech Republic .

history

As the company's first railway line, the regular-gauge local railway from Raspenau (today: Raspenava) to Weißbach (today: Bílý Potok) was inaugurated on May 3, 1900 . However, the Friedland District Railways became known for their narrow-gauge railway from Friedland to Hermsdorf in Bohemia (today: Heřmanice u Frýdlantu), which opened on August 25, 1900 , which connects to the narrow-gauge railway Zittau – Hermsdorf of the Kgl. Saxon State Railways . On February 15, 1899, the legally required concession for the Friedland-Reichs border line near Hermsdorf was published in the Reichsgesetzblatt.

Because of the cross-border traffic, this narrow-gauge railway was designed in the usual gauge of 750 mm in Saxony, which was unusual but not unique for the Austro-Hungarian dual monarchy . Another regular gauge local railway was built by the Friedland district railways from Friedland to Heinersdorf (today: Jindřichovice pod Smrkem), which established a connection there to the Silesian lines of the Prussian state railways . This line was opened on November 1, 1904.

On December 31, 1924, the Czechoslovak State Railways (ČSD) took over the management of the Friedland District Railways , at the same time the state bought its first shares. The final nationalization and dissolution of the company only came about as a result of the annexation of the Sudetenland to Germany in autumn 1938. The law of August 2, 1940 “regarding the takeover of railways in the Reichsgau Sudetenland and in the parts of the southern German incorporated into the Reichsgaue Oberdonau and Niederdonau Territories on the empire ”regulated u. a. the nationalization of nine local railways with a total length of 169.77 km, in which the Czechoslovak state had already held the majority of the shares. The FBB lines were henceforth part of the network of the Deutsche Reichsbahn , Reichsbahndirektion Dresden . After the end of the Second World War , they came back to the ČSD.

The narrow-gauge railway lost its cross-border traffic in 1945 and was completely discontinued in 1976. The two regular-gauge lines still exist (status: 2014).

The routes

Locomotives

Narrow gauge locomotives

The Friedländer Bezirksbahnen purchased three narrow-gauge locomotives from Krauss in Linz for their narrow-gauge railways , which were largely similar to the U series of the kkStB . They were given the numbers 11 to 13 and the names EHRLICH , FRIEDLAND and HERMSDORF . Because of the cross-border traffic, the locomotives were given the lever brake and funnel coupling common in Saxony . The ČSD later added the locomotives to the U 37.0 series and gave them the company numbers U 37.007 to 009.

The locomotive U 37.007 (formerly no. 11) was located as 99 791 in April 1945 for repairs in Raw Chemnitz and remained with the narrow-gauge railways in Saxony after the end of the war . It was used on the Hetzdorf – Eppendorf – Großwaltersdorf narrow-gauge railway , later moved to the former Prignitzer Kreiskleinbahnen , where it was renamed 99 4712 and withdrawn in 1965. The U 37.008 (formerly No. 12) left the company park in Frýdlant in 1966 and was then installed as a monument locomotive in front of the station in Nymburk . Today it serves as a spare parts dispenser for the U 37.002 museum locomotive in Jindřichův Hradec . The U 37.009 (formerly No. 13) was scrapped in Frýdlant in 1963.

Standard gauge locomotives

Krauss also supplied the locomotives for the standard-gauge local railways in Linz. The FBB procured a triple-coupled type, which looked quite similar to the T 3 procured at the same time for the Prussian State Railways . The locomotives always remained on their regular routes and were only taken out of service by the ČSD after the Second World War.

Overview
FBB number Gauge number Manufacturer Construction year Axis formula ČSD number DR number
MILDENAU , HAINDORF 1435 mm 2 Krauss , Linz 1899 Cn2t 310.801 / 802 98 7741/7742
No. 11-13 750 mm 3 Krauss , Linz 1899 C1'n2t U 37.07 - 09 99 791-793
No. 21-24 1435 mm 4th Krauss , Linz 1902/1908 Cn2t 311,501-504 98 7751-7754

literature

  • Siegfried Bufe, Heribert Schröpfer: Railways in the Sudetenland. Bufe-Fachbuch-Verlag, Egglham 1991, ISBN 3-922138-42-X .
  • Wilfried Rettig: Railways in the border triangle of Eastern Saxony (D) / Lower Silesia (PL) / Northern Bohemia (CZ) - Part 2: Secondary, small and narrow-gauge railways, railway operations and repair shops, railway mail , EK-Verlag, Freiburg 2011, ISBN 978-388255 -733-6 , pp. 72ff.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ ÖNB-ALEX - Reichsgesetzblatt 1849-1918. Retrieved October 10, 2019 .
  2. ^ Siegfried Bufe, Heribert Schröpfer: Railways in the Sudetenland. Bufe-Fachbuch-Verlag, Egglham 1991, ISBN 3-922138-42-X , p. 54f
  3. ^ Law on the takeover of railways in the Reichsgau Sudetenland and in the parts of the southern German territories incorporated into the Reichsgaue Oberdonau and Niederdonau to the Reich of August 2, 1940
  4. ↑ Karel Just: Parní lokomotivy na úzkorozchodných tratích ČSD. Vydavatelství dopravní literatury Luděk Čada et al., Litoměřice et al. 2001, ISBN 80-902706-5-4 , p. 47.