kkStB U
| kkStB U NÖLB / StLB U Zillertalbahn 1–2 |
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 NÖLB U2 or ÖBB 298.52 on the Steyrtal Museum Railway
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| Numbering: | kkStB U.1-43 NÖLB 1-8; U1 – U8 BBÖ U.5–56 (with gaps) ÖBB 298.05−56 (with gaps) ČSD U 37.001–011 JDŽ 188 DR 99 791 (99 4712) |
| Number: | kkStB: 43 NÖLB: 8 Zillertalbahn: 2 StmLB: 1 |
| Manufacturer: | Krauss / Linz , StEG , BMMF / Prague , locomotive factory Floridsdorf |
| Year of construction (s): | 1894-1922 |
| Retirement: | 1982 (ÖBB) 1964 (ČSD) |
| Axis formula : | C1-n2t |
| Gauge : | 760 mm ( Bosnian gauge ) |
| Length over buffers: | 7,182 mm |
| Height: | 3,549 mm |
| Fixed wheelbase: | 900 mm |
| Total wheelbase: | 4,000 mm |
| Service mass: | 24.3 t / 24.0 t |
| Friction mass: | 19.5 t |
| Top speed: | 35 km / h |
| Indexed performance : | 165 kW |
| Driving wheel diameter: | 820 mm |
| Rear wheel diameter: | 570 mm |
| Control type : | Heusinger control |
| Number of cylinders: | 2 |
| Cylinder diameter: | 290 mm |
| Piston stroke: | 400 mm |
| Boiler overpressure: | 12 atm |
| Number of heating pipes: | 103 |
| Heating pipe length: | 3,250 mm |
| Grate area: | 1.0 m² |
| Radiant heating surface: | 4.42 m² (in contact with fire) |
| Tubular heating surface: | 42.25 m² (in contact with fire) |
| Evaporation heating surface: | 46.67 m² (in contact with fire) |
| Water supply: | 3.2 m³ |
| Fuel supply: | 1.4 t |
| Brake: | Heberlein cable brake, later vacuum brake |
The kkStB U was a narrow-gauge steam locomotive of the kk Austrian State Railways (kkStB) for 750 and 760 mm gauge . The U series is one of the most built narrow-gauge locomotives in Europe. The locomotives were also procured from numerous private local railways in what was then Austria . After 1953, the locomotives were given the series designation 298 by what was now the ÖBB .
history
kkStB U
In 1894 the Murtalbahn was put into operation in Styria . For this 76 km long stretch of a private stock corporation (later merged into the Styrian State Railways StLB), the kkStB, as the commissioned operator, needed more powerful machines than those types that were previously in use on the narrow-gauge lines of the Danube Monarchy.
For this reason, four machines were ordered from Krauss , which were based on the well-proven Steyrtalbahn locomotive. Their chassis and steam engine were taken over almost unchanged, the boiler, fire box and water boxes were enlarged. This further development of the Steyrtalbahn locomotive was able to transport a trailer load of 515 tons on the plain. With a gradient of 20 ‰, the locomotive was able to pull a load of 90 tons at a speed of 20 km / h. The maximum speed was set at 35 km / h. From 1897, following the scheme at that time, which gave narrow-gauge locomotives the first letter of their first place of use, this series received the letter U (for U nzmarkt , the starting point of the Murtalbahn) as the series designation.
These locomotives proved themselves so well that they were ordered in large numbers by almost all operators of narrow-gauge railway lines in the Danube Monarchy (except in Hungary, where locomotive construction went its own way) and built by several locomotive factories. In addition to the state railways kkStB, it was procured by the Styrian and Lower Austrian regional railways and the Zillertalbahn .
The last example of the U series was only built for the StLB in 1922, when more modern locomotive types had long since existed. Those locomotives of the U series that passed into the possession of the ÖBB until after the Second World War were given the series designation 298 with two-digit serial numbers from 1953 .
Due to their large number of units, numerous machines can still be seen in operation on museum and tourist railways today , some examples have also been erected as locomotive monuments.
Identical locomotives
Friedland District Railway
The Friedland District Railway procured three locomotives with the numbers 11 to 13 with the gauge of 750 mm used there for their narrow-gauge railway Friedland – Hermsdorf , which were largely similar to the KKStB U. Because of the cross-border traffic in the direction of Zittau , the locomotives were given the lever brake and funnel coupling that are common in Saxony . The ČSD later added the locomotives to the U 37.0 series and gave them the company numbers U 37.007 - 009.
The locomotive U 37.007 (formerly no. 11) was in April 1945 as 99 791 for repairs in Raw Chemnitz and remained with the narrow-gauge railways in Saxony after the end of the war . It was initially used on the Hetzdorf – Eppendorf – Großwaltersdorf narrow-gauge railway and later came to the Prignitzer Kreiskleinbahnen . In May 1957 it was redesignated there as 99 4712 in order to avoid double occupancy with the locomotives of the 99.77-79 series that were being delivered. The retirement took place on November 15, 1965.
The U 37.008 (formerly No. 12) was only withdrawn from the company park in Frydlant in 1966 and was then installed as a monument locomotive in front of the station in Nymburk . Today it serves as a spare parts dispenser for the U 37.002 museum locomotive in Jindřichův Hradec . The U 37.009 (former No. 13) was scrapped in Frydlant in 1963.
Kleinbahn Königshof – Beraun – Koněprus
The Kleinbahn Königshof – Beraun – Koněprus (KBK) acquired two largely identical locomotives from Krauss in Linz in 1897, and a third followed in 1908. They were named TETÍN , KONĚPRUSY and DAMIL . By order of the Czechoslovak Ministry of Transport, they were given the ČSD numbers U 37.901 to U 37.903 in 1938. They remained on their main route until they were closed and were scrapped there.
The U series in the successor states of the Danube Monarchy
After the collapse of the Habsburg Monarchy after the First World War, numerous locomotives in the series remained in the successor states, including in Czechoslovakia , Poland , Italy and Yugoslavia .
The U series in Czechoslovakia
After the First World War, nine kkStB locomotives remained in the newly founded Czechoslovakia. From 1924 these were given the new series designation U 37.0. The three identical locomotives of the Friedländer district railway with 750 mm gauge were also classified as U 37.007 - 009. The Czechoslovak State Railways ČSD continued to use the locomotives on their regular routes, and later some of them were also used on the Ružomberok – Korytnica kúpele narrow-gauge railway in Slovakia . In 1929 two more locomotives returned from Poland to their original routes in Bohemia .
The Deutsche Reichsbahn designated the ČSD locomotives taken over from 1938 as the 99.784 series. The locomotives of the former Friedland District Railway were given road numbers 99 791 to 793 , analogous to the Saxon narrow-gauge locomotives .
Several locomotives came to Austria during the Second World War. For this purpose, a composite locomotive of the Uv series and another U were now in the inventory of the ČSD.
From 1957 new diesel locomotives of the T 47.0 series were put into service by the ČSD , which made the U series unnecessary. In 1964 the last U 37.0 was taken out of service by the ČSD.
The locomotives U 37.002, today operational museum locomotive in Jindřichův Hradec , and U 37.006 as a monument locomotive in Ružomberok have been preserved .
The U series in Poland
Three U series locomotives were put into service by the kkStB in 1897 for the Łupków - Cisna route . After 1918 these became part of the newly founded Polish State Railways PKP.
After the Second World War , the narrow-gauge lines of the PKP were converted to the uniform gauges of 600 and 750 mm and the locomotives were then decommissioned. In Poland, no locomotive of the former U series has been preserved for posterity.
The U series in Italy (Parenzanabahn)
In 1902 the kkStB procured four U-series locomotives for the Triest – Parenzo local railway . Another four locomotives were added from 1908 onwards. After the First World War , these seven U-series locomotives, including the line, were sold to the Italian State Railways FS . The FS operated the Trieste – Parenzo line until August 31, 1935, after which the systems were demolished and the locomotives scrapped. After 1945 a former U.37 was installed as a monument locomotive in the now Yugoslavian Koper (Italian: Capodistria), the locomotive was built in 1908 by the Wiener Neustädter Lokomotiven Fabrik (Snr. 4867) and is an original locomotive of the Parenzaner Bahn.
The U series in Yugoslavia
During the First World War, several U-series machines were also requisitioned for use in the Balkans. Most of them were used by the Imperial and Royal Army Railway South from Prijedor on the Steinbeisbahn network, a route network originally built by Otto von Steinbeis as a forest railway in Bosnia . Several locomotives remained in the newly founded Kingdom of Yugoslavia after the end of the war . They were included in the numbering scheme of the Yugoslav State Railways as number 188. Since they were not sufficient for the services required on the long stretches of the Yugoslav narrow-gauge network, they were now mainly used on forest railways and in industrial companies.
Three U-series locomotives were already part of the kkStB line from Split to Sinj before the war . After they were replaced on their main line by other locomotives, including the class 83 , also numbered as class 188, it ended up on various routes of the extensive narrow-gauge network.
Further developments
The series NÖLB Uv , NÖLB Uh and BBÖ Uh are further developments of the U series .
literature
- Roland Beier: Transpress vehicle portrait U series . Transpress-Verlag, Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-613-71152-4 .
- Walter Krobot, Josef Otto Slezak , Hans Sternhart: Narrow gauge through Austria. History and fleet of narrow-gauge railways in Austria (= International Archive for Locomotive History . Vol. 3). 4th edition. Slezak, Vienna 1991, ISBN 3-85416-095-X .
- Josef Pospichal, Johann Blieberger: The locomotives of the kk Austrian state railways. Volume 4: Rows 83 to 100, narrow-gauge and non-steam-powered types. bahnmedien.at, Guntramsdorf 2011, ISBN 978-3-9502648-8-3 .
- Dieter Zoubek: Preserved steam locomotives in and from Austria. = Preserved Austrian Steam Locos. Self-published, Guntramsdorf 2004, ISBN 3-200-00174-7 .
Web links
- The 298 series and related types at dampflok.at
- Picture gallery at Railfaneurope.net
- Picture gallery of the StLB
- Description of the ČSD series U 37.0 (Czech)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Michal Martinek, Bohuslav Zeman, Radim Šnábl, Vlastimil Novotný: KBK Malodráha Králův Dvůr - Beroun - Koněprusy 1897–1962 ; Stopou dějin našich traťi - 2; KHKD Nymburk, 1987
- ↑ Locomotive statistics
- ↑ Narrow gauge railways in Europe