Lower Austrian regional railways
The Niederösterreichisches Landesisenbahnamt or from 1908 the Niederösterreichische Landesbahnen (NÖLB) were an authority of the Crown Land of Lower Austria of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy or the federal state of the same name of the Republic of Austria , which was responsible for the financing, planning, construction and operation of local railways . It existed until 1922.
history
After the main railway network in Austria-Hungary had been largely completed during the second half of the 19th century, it became clear that no competitive economic development was possible outside of the railway lines. The road network was only rudimentary in rural areas. The originally time-limited Local Railway Act for the Austrian half of the dual monarchy of May 25, 1880, which was extended several times, provided a number of technical, operational and bureaucratic simplifications for the construction and operation of railways away from the main destinations. In addition to these measures by the state government, the Crown Lands themselves took initiatives to expand the route network, and their own resolutions at the state level should enable the creation of state railways .
By resolution of the provincial law of May 28, 1895, the creation of a regional railway office and a regional railway council was approved in Lower Austria. The state railways established by these authorities were formally independent stock corporations for which the state provided financial guarantees. Usually this was done by taking over up to 70% of the ordinary shares , as well as by buying additional shares issued by the railway company, securing operating income (in principle taking over the deficit ) or bonds . By 1914, 351 km of standard - gauge railway and 200 km of narrow-gauge railway had been built.
From around 1905, the term “Niederösterreichische Landesbahnen” was used as a collective term for the railway office and the lines it operates; from January 1, 1908, this name was made official by a resolution of the state parliament. At the same time, due to the increased scope of the activities to be carried out, the office was divided into a State Railway Directorate for the operation and administration of existing and a State Railway Construction Directorate for the planning and construction of new state railways.
With the outbreak of the First World War , the construction of railways that were not expressly used for war purposes came to a standstill. A number of projects that had already been worked out in detail were therefore no longer implemented, and construction work was no longer started for financial reasons after the war. The only project that was completed in 1927 was the local narrow-gauge Ruprechtshofen – Gresten railway, but construction had already started in 1914. When the financial situation of the country deteriorated in the years after the war and the country was no longer able to provide the funds to cover the loss of operations, the state railways first tried to maintain operations through restrictions. Nevertheless, the economic situation of the state railways deteriorated noticeably, so that the state initially leased the company on January 1, 1921. On September 30, 1922, the state railway management was dissolved and the railways were taken over by the Austrian Federal Railways BBÖ. The staff was integrated into the BBÖ and continued to work in their previous area of responsibility.
Route network
Taking into account the diversity of the landscape in the province of Lower Austria, railways of very different characters were built. So were z. For example, the routes in the Marchfeld classic flat local railways , for whose operation low-performance B-couplers were sufficient, while the narrow-gauge Mariazellerbahn was a demanding mountain railway, for which a special construction was developed with the Mh series . In the nodes with the higher-level route network, the state railways mostly had their own state railway stations, continuous trains between the state railways and the state railway were not run, and passengers always had to switch to the state railways.
Standard gauge railways
| route | society | Length in km | concession | opening |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Stammersdorf - Auersthal | Local railway Stammersdorf – Auersthal | 21,878 | Nov 16, 1901 | April 26, 1903 |
| Gänserndorf – Gaunersdorf (today Gaweinstal) | Local railway Gänserndorf – Gaunersdorf | 22,513 | March 15, 1902 | 13 Sep 1903 |
| Korneuburg –Ernstbrunn | Local railway Korneuburg – Ernstbrunn | 29,883 | June 18, 1904 | Nov. 27, 1904 |
| Ernstbrunn - Hohenau |
Local railway Ernstbrunn – Hohenau - Poysdorf – Gaunersdorf |
48.823 | Feb 14, 1906 | Nov 15, 1906 |
| Dobermannsdorf– Poysdorf |
Local railway Ernstbrunn – Hohenau - Poysdorf – Gaunersdorf |
21,556 | Feb 14, 1906 | May 8, 1907 |
| Mistelbach-Gaunersdorf (today Gaweinstal) |
Local railway Ernstbrunn – Hohenau - Poysdorf – Gaunersdorf |
12,544 | Sep 12 1906 | Nov 15, 1906 |
| Willendorf - Neunkirchen | Local railway Willendorf – Neunkirchen | 12,166 | June 26, 1907 | June 21, 1909 |
| Freiland - Türnitz | Freiland – Türnitz local railway | 9.242 | Nov 6, 1907 | Oct 14, 1908 |
| Auersthal - Groß-Schweinbarth | Local railway Stammersdorf – Auersthal | 7.557 | Jan. 6 1908 | Aug 9, 1909 |
| Bad Pirawarth - Zistersdorf | Local railway Stammersdorf – Auersthal | 20.628 | Jan. 6 1908 | July 15, 1911 |
| Zistersdorf– Dobermannsdorf | Local railway Stammersdorf – Auersthal | 8.265 | Jan. 6 1908 | Aug 14, 1909 |
|
Siebenbrunn-Leopoldsdorf - Engelhartstetten and Breitstetten - Orth an der Donau |
Local railway Siebenbrunn-Leopoldsdorf– Engelhartstetten – Orth |
22,248 5,688 |
June 27, 1908 | June 30, 1909 |
| Retz - Drosendorf | Local railway Retz – Drosendorf | 39.965 | July 27, 1908 | Aug 20, 1910 |
| Vienna - state border | Electric local railway Vienna border next to Hainburg | 60.775 | June 24, 1912 | Feb 5, 1914 |
| Pressburg - state border | Pozsony Országhatárszéli Helyiérdekű Villamos Vasút | 7.492 | June 5, 1909 | Feb 5, 1914 |
The Pressburger Bahn was operated electrically from the opening. Since it was located in both the Austrian and Hungarian halves of the empire, two separate companies had to be founded.
A special feature of the Freiland – Türnitz local railway was that although it was a regional railway, the state railways kkStB were entrusted with the operation.
Narrow-gauge railways
All narrow-gauge lines of the NÖLB were built according to the specifications of the army administration in the so-called Bosnian gauge of 760 mm.
| route | society | Length in km | concession | opening |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Gmünd - Litschau and Alt Nagelberg - Heidenreichstein |
N. Ö. Waldviertelbahn | 26,020 13,039 |
Nov 12, 1898 | 4th July 1900 |
| Gmünd - Steinbach | N. Ö. Waldviertelbahn | 24.234 | Nov 12, 1898 | Aug 10, 1902 |
| Steinbach - Great Gerungs | N. Ö. Waldviertelbahn | 19,410 | Nov 12, 1898 | March 1, 1903 |
|
St. Pölten - Kirchberg an der Pielach and Ober-Grafendorf - Mank |
Local railway St. Pölten– Kirchberg an der Pielach − Mank |
31.316 18.007 |
July 11, 1896 | July 4, 1898 July 27, 1898 |
| Mank- Ruprechtshofen | Local railway St. Pölten– Kirchberg an der Pielach − Mank |
8.280 | June 1, 1904 | Aug 6, 1905 |
| Kirchberg an der Pielach - Laubenbachmühle | Local railway St. Pölten– Kirchberg an der Pielach − Mank |
17.105 | Oct 15, 1904 | Aug 6, 1905 |
| Laubenbachmühle - Mariazell | Local railway St. Pölten– Kirchberg an der Pielach − Mank |
35.914 | Oct 15, 1904 | Dec 17, 1906 |
| Mariazell - foundry | Local railway St. Pölten– Kirchberg an der Pielach − Mank |
7.130 | Oct 15, 1904 | July 15, 1907 |
After completion of the Mariazellerbahn , the company of the local railway St. Pölten-Kirchberg an der Pielach-Mank was renamed in July 1908 in "Lower Austria-Styrian Alpine Railway". From 1911 the Mariazellerbahn was operated electrically.
Driving resources
Steam locomotives
Steam railcar
Narrow gauge locomotives
Narrow gauge steam railcar
Electric locomotives
The state of Lower Austria as rail operator from 2010
In January 2010 , the state of Lower Austria, the federal government and the ÖBB decided to hand over several lines from the federal government to the state of Lower Austria by the end of the year. This affected 26 lines with a total length of 624 km, including several sections on which no operations had been carried out for years. Some such as the Mariazellerbahn and other narrow-gauge lines, the Wachau Railway or the line to Drosendorf will continue to be operated by the state under the direction of NÖVOG as a new regional railway company. The change of owner and operator took place with the timetable change on December 12, 2010.
Individual evidence
- ↑ H. Felsinger: “Die Mariazellerbahn.” P. 19, Verlag P. Pospischil, Vienna 2002.
- ↑ Wolfdieter Hufnagl: "The Lower Austrian State Railways." Transpress, Stuttgart 2003, p. 28
- ↑ a b R. Holzinger: “Die Niederösterreichische Landesbahnen.” Journal Eisenbahn 12/1968, Verlag Bohmann, Vienna, p. 209
- ↑ R. Holzinger: "The Lower Austrian State Railways." Railway magazine 12/1968, Verlag Bohmann, Vienna, p. 208
- ^ Lower Austria: A federal state as a railway company in the press , March 26, 2010, accessed on April 30, 2010
literature
- Rudolf Elmayer-Vestenbrugg: "Memorandum on the establishment of the Lower Austrian state electricity works as the foundation of NEWAG and on the electrification of the Lower Austrian-Styrian Alpine Railway St. Pölten-Mariazell-Gusswerk". NEWAG, 1961
- Horst Felsinger, Walter Schober: "The Mariazellerbahn." Pospischil, Vienna 1971, 1973, 1979, 2002.
- Wolfdieter Hufnagl: "The Lower Austrian State Railways." Transpress, Stuttgart 2003, ISBN 3-613-71214-8
- Reimar Holzinger: "The Lower Austrian State Railways." Railway magazine 12/1968, Bohmann Verlag, Vienna