Retz
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Borough Retz
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| coat of arms | Austria map | |
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| Basic data | ||
| Country: | Austria | |
| State : | Lower Austria | |
| Political District : | Hollabrunn | |
| License plate : | HL | |
| Surface: | 45.02 km² | |
| Coordinates : | 48 ° 45 ' N , 15 ° 57' E | |
| Height : | 252 m above sea level A. | |
| Residents : | 4,255 (January 1, 2020) | |
| Population density : | 95 inhabitants per km² | |
| Postal code : | 2070 | |
| Area code : | 02942 | |
| Community code : | 3 10 37 | |
| NUTS region | AT125 | |
| UN / LOCODE | AT RTZ | |
| Address of the municipal administration: |
Hauptplatz 30 2070 Retz |
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| Website: | ||
| politics | ||
| Mayor : | Helmut Koch ( ÖVP ) | |
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Municipal Council : ( 2020 ) (25 members) |
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| Location of Retz in the Hollabrunn district | ||
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.JPG) Main square of Retz |
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| Source: Municipal data from Statistics Austria | ||
Retz is a municipality with 4255 inhabitants (as of January 1, 2020) in the Hollabrunn district in the state of Lower Austria in Austria . The wine town is located near the Czech border, twelve kilometers from Znojmo .
geography
Retz is located in the northwestern Weinviertel . The area of the municipality covers 45.02 square kilometers. 11.83 percent of the area is forested.
From 2004 to 2009, Retz was the place with the lowest rainfall in Austria.
Community structure
The municipality includes the following six localities (population in brackets as of January 1, 2020):
- Hofern (68)
- Kleinhöflein (298)
- Kleinriedenthal (183)
- Upper Alb (509)
- Retz (2499)
- Unteralb (698)
The community consists of the cadastral communities Hofern, Kleinhöflein, Kleinriedenthal, Obernalb, Retz Altstadt, Retz Stadt and Unterstalb.
Neighboring communities
climate
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Average monthly temperatures and rainfall for Retz
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history
The banks of the drained Lake Retz were already settled in the Neolithic , as numerous finds prove.
middle Ages
In the area of today's Angers von Retz, a village was formed, which was called "Rezze" (Slavic rěčica , means something like "small river", which was probably the Retzbach) as early as 1180 .
Rudolf von Habsburg gave Count Berthold von Rabenswalde (1278–1312) the county and rule of Hardegg as a fief . The count did not stay long in Hardegg, but moved to Retz, where he founded the Dominican monastery (the Dominican church was completed in 1295) and finally founded the town of Retz around 1300.
In 1314, the county of Retz and Hardegg came from the Käfernburger family to the Querfurt line Maidburg-Hardegg, which went out in 1483.
The preacher Franz von Retz was born around 1343 . He reformed the Dominican order, taught at the University of Vienna , was its dean five times and also represented the university at the Council of Pisa . He died in Vienna on September 8, 1427.
On November 25, 1425 the Hussites conquered Retz and a few days later Schrattenthal and Pulkau . The city was destroyed and many residents were killed. A chronicle from Klosterneuburg reports 6,000 prisoners, including Count Heinrich von Maidburg- Hardegg , who were taken to Prague. Almost 8,000 men are said to have been slain and over 30 Catholic churches destroyed. 1431 Another raid by the Hussites.
The Bürgerspitalkapelle between the Verderberhaus and the Znojmo Gate was consecrated in 1467 and again secularized in 1783. Today it serves as the town collection and home of the South Moravian Gallery under the name “Museum Retz” (known in Retz as “Citizens Hospital”).
After the reconstruction, Matthias Corvinus conquered the city on October 12, 1486 after a siege of four days . Retz belonged to his domain until 1490. During this time, the city received those wine trade privileges that established the city's future wealth. Retz also owes its extensive and multi-storey cellar facilities to these privileges. Today they are used for guided tours and during the Advent season for an Advent market.
16th and 17th centuries
From 1568 to 1569, the former church on the main square was converted into the town hall by installing a false ceiling. The Marienkapelle was built on the ground floor. The cabinet-maker Jakob Barth from Retz worked on the carvings for over 30 years.
In 1576 the sgraffito house was built. In 1928 the pictures, which had meanwhile been painted over, were rediscovered and exposed.
The striking Verderberhaus dates back to 1583. It owes its name to the Verderber family, who bought the house in 1848.
The Thirty Years War brought destruction and the Swedes under Lennart Torstensson , who opened their headquarters in Schrattenthal.
David Gregor Corner (later 45th abbot of Göttweig Abbey Gregor I. Cornerus ) was pastor of Retz from 1619 to 1624.
Gatterburg Castle was built between 1660 and 1670 as the family seat of the von Gatterburg family . Today it is home to the Retz Bicycle Museum. In 1680 there was a plague epidemic in the city. The Trinity Column at the lower end of the square is reminiscent of this.
Since 1696 the houses have been allowed to be higher than the city wall. The Dominicans took this as an opportunity to add a third floor to their monastery.
18th and 19th centuries
In the years 1701 to 1713 the church tower was redesigned in Baroque style, from 1721 to 1728 the church itself was enlarged, rebuilt and redesigned in Baroque style. The altarpiece of Saint Stephen, painted by Leopold Kupelwieser , dates from 1852.
The first windmill in Retz came from 1772 and was made of wood. She later got a neighbor. This was already made of stone. This mill is only used as a residential building. In 1831 the wooden windmill was dismantled and the still functional mill was built in its place. A bricklayer from Liliendorf ( Lesná u Znojma ) in nearby South Moravia was also involved in this work . He used the knowledge he had acquired to also build a windmill in his hometown, which the son of the Retz wind miller later took over. In 1927 the company was closed. The duel scene for the TV series “ Der Kurier der Kaiserin ” with Klausjürgen Wussow was filmed here.
Not far from the mill is the Calvary . It was built between 1727 and 1737 and comes from Jakob Seer's workshop .
On November 1, 1871, Retz was connected to the international rail network by the Austrian Northwest Railway. In 1896 a Jewish prayer house was built, but it no longer exists today. The post office dates from 1897.
20th century
Today's Cardinal Christoph Schönborn also lived in the Dominican monastery, which still exists today . The poet Peter Turrini also stayed in this monastery for some time. Since then, both have been close friends. In the television series " Julia - An Unusual Woman ", the main character Julia Laubach (played by Christiane Hörbiger ) worked in the Retz district court; the castle formed the backdrop for the gendarmerie post.
coat of arms
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Blazon : "On a blue shield, a gelöwter gold, gold-winning and gold reinforced lion." |
Population development
Community partnerships
- since 2006 Rötz in Bavaria , Germany
- since ? Hainburg in Hessen , Germany
- since ? Znojmo (Znaim) in Moravia , Czech Republic
politics
The municipal council has 25 members.
- With the municipal council elections in Lower Austria in 1990, the municipal council had the following distribution: 17 ÖVP, 5 SPÖ, 2 FPÖ and 1 other.
- With the municipal council elections in Lower Austria in 1995, the municipal council had the following distribution: 17 ÖVP, 6 SPÖ, 1 FPÖ and 1 citizen's list lifting dispute for justice.
- With the municipal council elections in Lower Austria in 2000, the municipal council had the following distribution: 18 ÖVP, 6 SPÖ and 1 FPÖ.
- With the municipal council elections in Lower Austria in 2005 , the municipal council had the following distribution: 16 ÖVP, 8 SPÖ and 1 Greens.
- With the municipal council elections in Lower Austria in 2010 , the municipal council had the following distribution: 16 ÖVP, 7 SPÖ, 1 Greens and 1 FPÖ.
- With the municipal elections in Lower Austria in 2015 , the municipal council had the following distribution: 10 ÖVP, 7 FÜRETZ – We for Retz, 6 SPÖ and 2 Greens.
- With the municipal council elections in Lower Austria 2020 , the municipal council has the following distribution: 17 ÖVP, 3 WFR – We for Retz, 3 Greens and 2 SPÖ.
- mayor
- until 2005 Karl Fenth (ÖVP)
- 2005–2015 Karl Heilinger (ÖVP)
- since 2015 Helmut Koch (ÖVP)
Attractions
.JPG)
- Retz city wall and old city center
- Retzer Erlebniskeller: one of the largest historical wine cellars in Central Europe (see web links)
- City Museum Retz: can be found in the Bürgersaal in the town hall
- Museum Retz: Local History Museum and South Moravian Gallery, "Citizens Hospital"
- Cinema: Retz has a cinema and a film club; the cinema is on the main square
- Main square with pillory and Holy Trinity column : extensive wine cellars lie under the main square
- Town hall: with town hall tower (guided tours are offered)
- Town hall chapel: decorated with magnificent ceiling frescoes
- Sgraffito house
- Spoiler house
- Gatterburg Castle
- Dominican Church and Dominican Monastery
- City parish church St. Stephan: first mentioned in 1200
- Retz windmill : one of the last two operational windmills in Austria, the only completely original windmill in Austria
- Calvary
- Military cemetery - is a little hidden not far from the windmill and Calvary. Created in 1979. All German fallen soldiers (as well as women and men from other nations) who had previously been buried in the Weinviertel found a common resting place.
- Bicycle museum: the bicycle museum is located in the Schüttkasten , below Gatterburg Castle
- War memorial 1809
- Nalbertor
- Znaimertor
- Phylloxera express: the nostalgic train runs on weekends from 1.5. until October 26th on the Retz-Drosendorf route (see traffic)
- Schußbergmarter
- The Gupferte Berg east of Unteralb is a former medieval local mountain and is home to one of the few Austrian occurrences of the subshrub Radmelde ( Bassia prostrata ).
- Natural monuments
Protected natural monuments according to the Lower Austrian Nature Conservation Act:
- Eierstein: The Eierstein is a rock north-west of the city that is reminiscent of a giant egg with a partially peeled shell.
- Schredlkeller art cave system in Obernalb
- Rock formation Hangenstein with dry grass southeast of the city
- Heidenstatt rock formation or sacrificial stone near Hofern
- Regular events
- Wine days: annually, from Corpus Christi for 10 days
- Grape harvest festival: annually, from Friday to Sunday on the last weekend in September
- Pumpkin festival in the Retz region
- Festival Retz: Festival of classical music, takes place annually on the first two weekends in July
economy
Retz is a traditional wine and trading town.
In 2001 there were 206 non-agricultural workplaces, agricultural and forestry operations 315 according to the 1999 survey. According to the 2001 census, the number of people in employment at the place of residence was 1,709. In 2001 the employment rate was 42.08 percent.
Obernalb has one of the largest vineyards in Weinviertel .
traffic
- Road: Retz can be reached by car in around an hour from Vienna. Retz is located on the two state roads Retzer Strasse (B 35) and Thayatal Strasse (B 30). The B 35 leads north via the now closed border crossing Mitterretzbach to the Czech Republic , the B 30 continues via the cadastral community of Hofern towards Drosendorf .
- Train: Retz can be reached by train from Vienna (city limits) in around 60 minutes, usually every hour on weekdays (every half hour at peak times) and every 2 hours on weekends. The Retz station is a separation station with three platform tracks. It is the northernmost station of the Nordwestbahn in Austria with a dispatcher . From here one of the steepest standard-gauge lines in Austria leads to Drosendorf-Zissersdorf (built in 1910, local railway Retz-Drosendorf ), on which passenger traffic was discontinued on June 9, 2001. The remaining freight traffic to Weitersfeld was also discontinued in December 2010 when the line was taken over by NÖVOG. During the summer months a nostalgic train, the " Phylloxera Express", brings cyclists and hikers to Drosendorf on weekends and public holidays . After the opening of the border, rail traffic to Znojmo was resumed in the 1990s . Since the 2007 timetable, the train has been running on a modernized and electrified route to Schattau and, since December 12, 2009, has continued to the current terminus in Znojmo.
education
- Elementary school, pre-school and associated special school
- Hauptschule and new middle school
- Polytechnic
- Higher federal college for tourism
- Federal Commercial School and Federal Commercial Academy: Founded in 1925 as a municipal commercial school
- After the opening of the border in 1989, the latter two schools have mixed classes with Austrian and Czech students. In 1996 the first Matura examination of a "bicultural class" took place at the Retz Federal Commercial Academy.
- music school
Sports
- Adventure pool Retz: The adventure pool Retz is an outdoor pool with a normal pool with a water slide and a large sports pool. In winter there is an ice rink next to the sports pool. The bath is located near the castle of the Suttner-Gatterburg family.
- Skatepark : a newly built skate park is located near the local exit towards Kleinhöflein by the volunteer fire department .
- Basketball and soccer field : located right next to the skate park
- Stadium of SC Retz : the stadium of SC Retz is close to the station. It holds around 2500 spectators, of which around 1200 are covered. It was built in the summer of 1955, the opening game was played against the then Italian first division club FC Bologna .
- The Eastern Austrian Grenzlandweg and the European long-distance hiking trail E8 run through Retz . The Thayatalweg also ends here .
Personalities
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- Honorary citizen of the community
- Alois Richter
- Christiane Hörbiger (* 1938), Austrian actress, leading actress in the TV film Julia - An Unusual Woman, shot in Retz
- Cyrill Blei , master baker
- Sons and daughters of the church
- Ludwig Czischek-Christen (1855–1951), inventor, technician
- Franz Zeidler (1883–1945), judge and judge
- Leopold Leutgeb (1891–1948), clergyman and politician
- Bruno Buzek (1911–1973), architect
- Walter Mayr (* 1943), politician, member of the Austrian Federal Council
- Hermes Phettberg (* 1952 in Hollabrunn as Josef Fenz), actor, author and presenter
- Clara Luzia (* 1978 as Clara Luzia Maria Humpel), musician
Movies
- The TV series Julia - An Unusual Woman with Christiane Hörbiger and Peter Bongartz in the leading roles was filmed in Retz and the surrounding area around the Weinstadt . The films were broadcast on ORF and on the First German Television Program .
literature
- Wilhelm-Christian Erasmus: castles, pens and palaces. Regions Waldviertel, Danube Basin, South Bohemia, Vysočina, South Moravia. Destination Waldviertel, Zwettl 2007, ISBN 978-3-9502262-2-5 , p. 134 f.
Web links
- 31037 - Retz. Community data, Statistics Austria .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Statistics Austria: Population on January 1st, 2020 by locality (area status on January 1st, 2020) , ( CSV )
- ↑ The Cardinal and the Poet ( Memento of the original dated December 15, 2005 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. on ORF on August 27, 2005, accessed on November 10, 2008.
- ^ Result of the local council election 1995 in Retz. Office of the Lower Austrian State Government, March 30, 2000, accessed on April 4, 2020 .
- ^ Election result of the municipal council election 2000 in Retz. Office of the Lower Austrian State Government, February 4, 2005, accessed April 4, 2020 .
- ^ Election result of the local council election 2005 in Retz. Office of the Lower Austrian State Government, March 4, 2005, accessed on April 4, 2020 .
- ^ Election result of the local council election 2010 in Retz. Office of the Lower Austrian State Government, October 8, 2010, accessed on April 4, 2020 .
- ^ Election result of the 2015 municipal council election in Retz. Office of the Lower Austrian State Government, December 1, 2015, accessed on April 4, 2020 .
- ↑ Results of the municipal council election 2020 in Retz. Office of the Lower Austrian State Government, January 26, 2020, accessed on April 4, 2020 .
- ↑ Godfrid Wessely, Ilse Draxler , Georg Gangl and Peter Gottschling: Geologie von Niederösterreich , Verlag der Geologische Bundesanstalt, Vienna 2006, S368f, ISBN 3-85316-239-8
- ↑ http://www.reblaus-express.at/
- ↑ Weblink: [1]
- ↑ Weblink: [2]
Alberndorf im Pulkautal | Göllersdorf | Digging | Guntersdorf | Hadres | Hardegg | Haugsdorf | Heldenberg | Hohenwarth-Mühlbach am Manhartsberg | Hollabrunn | Mailberg | Maissau | Nappersdorf-Kammersdorf | Pernersdorf | Pulkau | Ravelsbach | Retz | Retzbach | Schrattenthal | Seefeld-Kadolz | Sitzendorf an der Schmida | Wullersdorf | Zellerndorf | Ziersdorf
Cadastral communities: Hofern | Kleinhöflein | Kleinriedenthal | Obernalb | Retz old town | Retz city | Unteralb
Locations: Hofern | Kleinhöflein | Kleinriedenthal | Obernalb | Retz | Unteralb
City: Retz Villages: Hofern | Kleinhöflein | Kleinriedenthal | Obernalb | Unteralb Other locations: Hölzelmühle | Windmill
Counting district: Retz city center | Retz area | Obernalb | Unteralb | Kleinhöflein | Kleinriedenthal | Hofern