BHStB IVa5

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BHStB / BHLB / SHS IVa5
JDŽ series 83
ZB 4 III
Company photo of an 83
Manufacturer: Krauss , MÁVAG ,
Jung , Đuro Đaković
Years of construction: 1903-1949
Wheel alignment D'1 n2v D'1 h2
Gauge 760 mm / 1000 mm
Length over buffers: 13 700 mm
Top speed: 35 km / h
Service weight 36 t 38 t
Friction mass: 32 t
Driving wheel diameter: 900 mm
Impeller diameter: 650 mm
fixed wheel base: 3300 mm
Total wheel base: 5650 mm
Cylinder diameter: 370/550 mm 430 mm
Grate area: 1.7 m²
Boiler overpressure: 13 bar 12 bar
Evaporation heating surface: 112 m² 88 m²
Superheater area: - 24 m²

The IVa5 series was a narrow-gauge steam locomotive with a tender of the Bosnian-Herzegovinian State Railways (BHStB) and the Yugoslavian State Railways (JDŽ, later JŽ) built in large numbers . The locomotives of the JDŽ were designated as class 83 , and they continued to procure locomotives of this type for years.

particularities

  • Old Austrian narrow-gauge locomotive construction built in large numbers
  • built by five manufacturers in almost unchanged form over a period of 45 years
  • individual copies are still in use - and not just on museum railways
  • the majority went to 760 mm, some copies but were meter gauge executed
  • was in operation on the large south-east European narrow-gauge network in Bosnian gauge , also drove in Hungary, Austria and was also in use in the USSR

history

The 83-146 (ex IVa5 1023), here in 1968 in the Čapljina station, was a copy of the composite variant.
83-182 as a monument in Lajkovac
83-173 in Mokra Gora
The two-axle tender of the 83

In 1878, by resolution of the Berlin Congress, Austria-Hungary occupied the previously Ottoman (Turkish) countries of Bosnia and Herzegovina and incorporated them into the dual monarchy of that time as regions with a special status . Shortly afterwards, railway construction began with the then exotic gauge of 760 mm - it is still known today as the Bosnian gauge. The kk Bosnabahn, the Bosnian-Herzegovinian State Railways , which later became the Bosnian-Herzegovinian State Railways, operated a growing network with 760 mm narrow gauge, mostly in difficult terrain.

After a large number of different locomotive series, a design was achieved in 1903 that was to become the standard locomotive of the narrow-gauge network. Krauss / Linz , specializing in local railway and narrow-gauge machines, delivered as IVa 5 1000ff. a four-coupler wet steam composite construction with a tender , which should prove to be a good success for the rapidly growing narrow-gauge network. The superheated steam variant IVa 5 1100ff. could convince even more. Since the special status of Bosnia-Herzegovina provided for joint administration by the Austrian and Hungarian halves of the empire, the Budapest machine factory was also given individual tranches for replicas.

The end of the monarchy made Bosnia-Herzegovina part of the new SHS state . The state railways of this forerunner state of Yugoslavia expanded the 760 mm network extensively and connected the Bosnian-Herzegovinian with the Serbian routes. The need for further IVa 1100ff. was big, as there were new routes all the way to Belgrade . Since there were no locomotive factories of its own in the SHS state at that time, the production orders of the now went as 1300ff. as well as RU designated machines to Budapest as well as to Germany to Jung / Jungenthal . Two Serbian private railways also ordered a total of four machines.

After the founding of Yugoslavia , more machines were needed. The Yugoslav manufacturer Đuro Đaković and the Budapest locomotive factory , which has since been renamed MÁVAG , delivered the last examples in 1948 and 1949, the last of the series now designated as 83. The construction was now 45 years old.

The 83 with the highest number was the 83-182. The 182 is not the total number of machines built, because on the one hand there was a numbering gap and on the other hand, three Serbian private railway machines were later added to the state railway scheme with a second line-up.

Due to the long construction time and the large number of units, class 83 locomotives could keep in operation for a long time. In 1966, the Austrian journal Eisenbahn published official statistics for the Yugoslav State Railways. As of December 31, 1965, the "83 D1-n2v / h2" range still included:

Directorate number
Sarajevo 118
Belgrade 41
Titograd 10

.

According to their own information, the JŽ still had a total of 169 locomotives of the 83 series at that time. However, this list lacks seven machines that drove in the Zagreb division on the former kkStB route Split - Sinj , which had no connection with the large narrow-gauge network.

Some locomotives built by MÁVAG never came to Yugoslavia, but stayed in Hungary. They ran on meter gauge on a works railway in eastern Hungary until the 1980s. One of these machines was preserved as a monument locomotive. Another MÁVAG machine, the 83-040, was in use on the pioneer railway in Kharkiv in the Ukraine until the 1950s .

The 83-175 hauled the farewell train on May 26, 1979 on the last Bosnian narrow-gauge line from Bijeljina to Bosanska Mezgraja . The last 83 in service in Serbia were the 83-020, 035, 037, 064 and 182. They drove on the Mladenovac - Aranđelovac - Lajkovac route until 1983 . Six 83s came to the Banovići coal railway , where two locomotives are being kept operational as reserves. This railway is considered to be the last place of use in the series' commercial freight train service in its traditional area of ​​operation.

The IVa5 is also considered a model for the Mh / Mv (ÖBB 399/299) built by Krauss / Linz for the Lower Austrian State Railways - both types are occasionally confused. Both designs differ fundamentally, despite their external similarities, while the standing tank on the class 83 locomotives is supported by a trailing axle, the Mv and Mh are from the NÖLB support tank locomotives . The 85 series of the JD® is considered a more powerful further development of the 83 series .

Preserved copies

83-173 with a freight train
The 83-076 of Club 760 in Mariazell
83-180 in Weiz, Feistritztalbahn
RMU Banovići 83-158 (2015)
In Mosonmagyaróvár one of the Hungarian meter-
gauge locomotives has been preserved as a monument.

Since the series was built in large numbers for over four decades without any noteworthy change, a number of copies could be obtained. "Survivors" of the 83 are known not only in Bosnia and Herzegovina and Serbia, but also in Croatia, Macedonia, Hungary and Austria.

For Austrian railway enthusiasts, the events on the railways of Southeast Europe were of great interest, as numerous series of old Austrian construction drove partly, mostly or even entirely beyond the current state borders. When steam production came to an end in these countries too, interest decreased. From around 1975 onwards, the Austrian trade journals no longer reported quite as intensively on the railroad events beyond the red, white and red border bars. Bans on photography at the railway companies made reporting even more difficult. Nevertheless, during this time the Austrian Club 760 managed to acquire several Yugoslavian narrow-gauge locomotives, including an 83, for museum preservation.

In 1987, at the celebrations for the 150th anniversary of the Austrian railways, the focus was briefly on the 83-076, which was rescued and externally restored during this campaign, and an Austrian locomotive that had never before operated in what is now Austria. The 83-076 is owned by Club 760, was loaned to the Zillertalbahn and, after being repaired in the Meiningen steam locomotive works , runs there as the ZB 4 III.

The last place of work in the area of ​​the former Yugoslavia is the Banovići coal railway . The 83-158 and 159 are still in use there occasionally after the turn of the millennium. The inoperable machine 83-181 is also located there. The steam locomotives were preferred for shunting in Banovici because they are more powerful than the existing diesel locomotives of the former 740 series of JŽ. The 83-180 was from the Banovići coal mine in August 1998 to the Feistritztalbahn Betriebsges. mbH was sold for the Feistritztalbahn , but was only transferred from Bosnia to Styria in 2001.

Copies of this series could also be reserved for the newly built Serbian museum and tourist railway Šarganska osmica near the border with Bosnia and Herzegovina. The 83-052 and 83-173 received a general inspection and have been in use for several years.

Further specimens can be found in the narrow-gauge railway museum in Požega (Serbia) and as monuments in various places, such as the 83-182 mentioned in Lajkovac.

Operational examples of the 83 series were available in 2016 on the Banovići coal railway, the Šarganska osmica, the Zillertal Railway and the Feistritztal Railway.

Overview of all locomotives

BHStB no. BHLB no. SHS JDŽ no. Manufacturer Factory number / year of construction
    1301-1337 83-001 - 83-037 MÁVAG 4963-4999 / 1929
    1338-1344 83-038 - 83-044 MÁVAG 5001-5007 / 1929
    RU 1 - RU 24 83-045 - 83-068 Jung / Jungenthal 3527-3550 / 1923
  IVa5 1101 IVa5 1101 83-069 Krauss / Linz 5972/1909
  IVa5 1102-1108 IVa5 1102-1108 83-070 - 83-076 Krauss / Linz 6029-6035 / 1909
  IVa5 1109-1111 IVa5 1109-1111 83-077 - 83-079 MÁVAG 2674-2676 / 1911
  IVa5 1112-1115 IVa5 1112-1115 83-080 - 83-083 Krauss / Linz 6442-6445 / 1911
  IVa5 1116-1117 IVa5 1116-1117 83-084 - 83-085 Krauss / Linz 6583-6584 / 1912
  IVa5 1118-1119 IVa5 1118-1119 MÁVAG 3030-3031 / 1912
  IVa5 1120-1125 IVa5 1120-1125 83-088 - 83-093 Krauss / Linz 6725-6730 / 1913
  IVa5 1126-1128 IVa5 1126-1128 83-094 - 83-096 Krauss / Linz 6892-6894 / 1914
  IVa5 1129-1131 IVa5 1129-1131 83-097 - 83-099 MÁVAG 3577-3579 / 1914
  IVa5 1132-1135 IVa5 1132-1135 83-100 - 83-103 MÁVAG 3966-3969 / 1914
  IVa5 1136-1139 IVa5 1136-1139 83-104 - 83-107 Krauss / Linz 7141-7144/1916
  IVa5 1140-1151 IVa5 1140-1151 83-108 - 83-119 Krauss / Linz 7289-7300 / 1917
  IVa5 1152-1155 IVa5 1152-1155 83-120 - 83-123 Krauss / Linz 7500-7503 / 1919
IVa5 1001-1004 IVa5 1001-1004 IVa5 1001-1004 83-124 - 83-127 Krauss / Linz 5068-5071 / 1903
IVa5 1005-1010 IVa5 1005-1010 IVa5 1005-1010 83-128 - 83-133 Krauss / Linz 5189-5194 / 1904
IVa5 1011-1017 IVa5 1011-1017 IVa5 1011-1017 83-134 - 83-140 Krauss / Linz 5472-5478 / 1906
IVa5 1018-1024 IVa5 1018-1024 IVa5 1018-1024 83-141 - 83-147 Krauss / Linz 5763–5769 / 1907 and 1908, respectively
IVa5 1025-1029 IVa5 1025-1029 IVa5 1025-1029 83-148 - 83-152 MÁVAG 2063-2067 / 1908
      83-153 - 83-162 Ðuro Ðakovic 48-57 / 1948
      83-163 - 83-168 MÁVAG 5676-5681 / 1948
      83-173 - 83-182 Ðuro Ðakovic 129-138 / 1949

Some original machines ended up in Hungary, where they were partially included in the series scheme of the Hungarian State Railways MÁV:

MÁV
83-021 -
83-032 483.101
83-043 483.001
83-070 483.102 (?)
83-105 483.103 (?)

On the other hand:

MÁVAG machines that stayed in Hungary and never made it to Yugoslavia
MÁVAG MÁV intended as
5682/1950 OKÜ 29 (83-169)
5683/1950 Diosgyor 485.5002 (83-170)
5684/1950 OKÜ 36 (83-171)
5685/1950 OKÜ 30 (83-172)
Serbian private railway machines, which were added to the JZ as an alternate
built Private railway number JŽ number
Jung 3808/1926 POŽ 11 83-021 II
Jung 3808/1926 POŽ 12 83-035 II
O&K 11800/1928 POŽ 21 JDŽ П 21 II
Jung 3999/1926 ŽDB S 83-3 83-043 II

literature

  • H. Strach: The history of the railways of the Austro-Hungarian monarchy .
  • Bernhard Schmeiser: Krauss locomotives . Slezak publishing house
  • Tadej Braté: The steam locomotives of Yugoslavia . Slezak publishing house, Vienna 1971, ISBN 3-900134-01-4
  • Walter Krobot, JO Slezak, H. Sternhart: Narrow gauge through Austria . 4th edition. Slezak publishing house, Vienna 1991, ISBN 3-85416-095-X
  • Keith Chester: The Narrow Gauge Railways of Bosnia-Hercegovina. Stenvall Verlag, 2006, ISBN 91-7266-166-6
  • Johann Rihosek : The locomotives of the Bosnian-Herzegovinian state railways . Reprint 2005
  • Zoran Veresić: Steam in Serbia 1882-2007 . Royal Railway Society of Serbia, Belgrade 2007
  • Werner Schiendl , Franz Gemeinböck: The railways in Bosnia and Herzegovina 1918–2016 . Edition Bahn im Film, Vienna 2017, ISBN 978-3-9503096-7-6 .

Web links

Commons : JDŽ 83  - collection of images, videos and audio files

References and comments

  1. Hellmuth Fröhlich: The stock of narrow-gauge locomotives of the JŽ on December 31st. 1965 . Eisenbahn Österreich 7/1966, pp. 146–147.
  2. Paul Engelbert, The TU2 pages: Pioneer railways in the Ukraine ( Memento from September 29, 2007 in the Internet Archive )
  3. Banovici: Double Headed Class 83. Accessed on 30 December 2012 .
  4. ^ Bosnian-Herzegovinian state railways