Friedrich Müller the Elder

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Friedrich Müller the Elder
(painting by Carl Dörschlag)

Friedrich Müller the Elder (born May 15, 1828 in Schäßburg , † April 25, 1915 in Sibiu ) was a Transylvanian Protestant bishop and historian.

Live and act

Müller began as a private tutor in Klausenburg in 1845 and studied theology, history and philology in Leipzig and Berlin from 1846–1848.

In the Hungarian Revolution of 1848/49 he participated on the side of the Habsburgs as a lieutenant in the Schäßburg militia . 1848–1863 he was a teacher and 1863–1869 principal of the Bergschule Schäßburg , for which he worked out a new teaching constitution.

1869–1874 Müller worked as a pastor in Leschkirch . In 1870 he became a member of the regional consistory of the Evangelical Church, and from 1874–1893 he served as pastor of Sibiu. Here he was active in the social and diaconal field, created a primary school regulation in 1870, renovated the orphanage in 1883 and built a Protestant nursing home in 1888. During this time he was also successful in ensuring that the assets of the Brukenthal Fideikommiss Foundation fell to the regional church in accordance with the will of the founder after their evangelical line had died out; a Catholic heir had started an eleven year trial on the matter.

In 1883 Müller was appointed Episcopal Vicar , and from 1893–1906 he was Bishop of the Evangelical Church A. B. in Transylvania . In view of the Magyarization that had prevailed since the Austro-Hungarian Compromise of 1867 , Müller advocated an overall Austrian monarchy and for the German nation-state and against Magyar nationalism. He tried to improve the internal structure of the church. He resisted the laws of the Hungarian government of 1894/95 on marriage law, state registration and the use of Hungarian instead of German place names.

Müller also dealt with archeology and epigraphy , building and art history for Transylvanian church building, bells and goldsmithing. He made a collection of Transylvanian sagas and conducted research on the Transylvanian-German written language. Müller was a member of the Coetus Clamidatorum Schäßburgensis. From 1852 he was married to Henriette Melas (1831-1918), with whom he had nine children.

Publications (selection)

  • Contributions to the history of belief in witches and the witch trial in Transylvania, 1854
  • History of the Transylvanian hospitals up to 1625, 1856
  • Transylvanian Legends. 1857, 2nd edition 1883
  • The church architecture of the Romanesque style in Transylvania. With 3 lithographic plates, 23 woodcuts and 2 facsimiles. In: year books of the k. k. Central Commission for the Study and Conservation of Architectural Monuments. Vienna 1858.
  • Our election of pastors and the draft of the Protestant State Consistory AB of March 6, 1862.
  • That our schools have a long-missed means of youth education in gymnastics. Sibiu 1863.
  • That gymnastics should also offer our people a strong, contemporary education. Speech at the inauguration of the Schässburg gym on November 14th, 1863. Sibiu 1863.
  • German language monuments from Transylvania. From written sources of the XII. to XVI. Century. Sibiu 1864.
    • German language monuments from Transylvania (Monumente lingvistice germane din Transilvania), Editura Kriterion, Bucrești 1986.
  • The Roman inscriptions in Dacien . Collected and edited by M. J. Ackner and Friedr. Müller. Vienna 1865. (Austrian weekly).
  • Presentation on the curriculum for the seminaries, 1871
  • Tested and passed, amendment, 1892
  • Redeemed, 1894
  • From the late summer freshness, 1894
  • On the Schässburg women's question, 1895
  • Light and Shadow, 1897
  • The "Transylvanian Bishop", 1897
  • Fraterna caritas, 1900

literature

Web links

Wikisource: Friedrich Müller  - Sources and full texts

Individual evidence

  1. ^ G. Gündisch :  Müller, Friedrich, bishop and historian. In: Austrian Biographical Lexicon 1815–1950 (ÖBL). Volume 6, Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Vienna 1975, ISBN 3-7001-0128-7 , p. 414.
  2. ^ Konrad Gustav Gündisch:  Friedrich Müller the Elder. In: Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon (BBKL). Volume 6, Bautz, Herzberg 1993, ISBN 3-88309-044-1 , Sp. 237-239.  ( Article / beginning of article in Internet archive )
  3. ↑ Young Life, 2/2012, p. 13.
personal data
SURNAME Müller, Friedrich the Elder
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Transylvanian evangelical bishop and historian
DATE OF BIRTH May 15, 1828
PLACE OF BIRTH Schäßburg
DATE OF DEATH April 25, 1915
Place of death Sibiu