Bergschule Schäßburg

Bergschule Schäßburg
type of school	high school
founding	before 1522
place	Sighișoara
circle	Mureș
Country	Romania
Coordinates	46 ° 13 '4 " N , 24 ° 47' 29" E Coordinates: 46 ° 13 '4 " N , 24 ° 47' 29" E

The Bergschule Schäßburg is a German-Romanian high school in Sighișoara .

history

The school founded by Transylvanian Saxons was mentioned in a document in 1522. Before that, there had been a Latin school; because between 1445 and 1521, 95 Schäßburg students studied at the University of Vienna . In 1607/08 the Schola majoris was built on the Schulberg , and a building was added in 1619. It bore the inscription

SCHOLA SEMINARIUM REI PUBLICAE

"The school - a planting place for the community"

In 1620 the four grades Quarta, Tertia, Secunda and Prima were introduced. The primans formed their own body of self-government , the Coetus . In 1684 Martin Kelp laid the foundation stone for the school library.

Togaten and Chlamydaten

The students living in the school wore a toga , the others a chlamys . In 1792/93 the main building of the grammar school was built on the site of today's mountain school. It bears the inscription

PATRIAE FILIIS VIRTUTI PALLADIQUE SESE VOVENTIBUS SACRUM

"To the sons of the fatherland who consecrate themselves to virtue and science - a sanctuary"

In 1818 the chlamydates received their own law. The Rector Georg Paul Binder put a plan in 1823, after the high schools , a teacher and seminary , a public school and a school scholars should include. In 1839 the Coetus was divided into togats (seminarians) and chlamydates (high school students). The Austrian organizational draft made the mountain school under Georg Daniel Teutsch (1850–1863) finally an eight-year grammar school with an emphasis on the natural sciences. The Protestant school opened up to children of other denominations and nations . The Hungarian language and the Romanian language were offered as electives. The later rector and pastor Johann Wolff ran the Alberthaus , a boarding school built in 1898 . The seminarium and with it the Togatencoetus were dissolved in 1892. The chlamydate coetus was also dissolved at the turn of the century because of behavior that was contrary to the school law . In 1901 rebuilt and extended, the main building was named after the former rector, Bischof-Teutsch-Gymnasium . The botanical garden was part of the new gardens around the school building. As rector (1905–1927), Johann Wolff reactivated the life of Coetus in 1906. The motto was Sursum corda (Eng. "High hearts"). Magyars , Romanians and Jews became fellow students with equal rights .

Between the wars, between the fronts

Transylvania in Romania (1917)

When Transylvania belonged to the Kingdom of Romania from 1919, the Romanian school laws came into force in 1924/25. In 1928, Rudolf Meschendörfer initiated the Schoolchildren's Olympiads, which took place every two years at one of the German grammar schools' locations. In 1938/39 a new building was added to the Alberthaus. In 1942 the "German Ethnic Group of Romania" took over the mountain school from the Evangelical Church AB in Romania . The coetus was dissolved. With Operation Jassy-Kishinev , lessons at the mountain school ended.

post war period

After Romania changed sides, the mountain school returned to the temporary care of the Protestant Church with the tacit tolerance of the authorities. In 1947 the upper classes of the mountain school tried to revive the Coetus; in the same year, however, the Coetus was finally dissolved. The students had to join the Uniunea Asociatiilor Elevilor din Romania - the communist pioneer organization. With the school reform in 1948, the autonomy of the denominational school ended. The mountain school was nationalized and now functioned as a "German pedagogical school". This amalgamation of the Schäßburg teachers 'college and the Hermannstädter boys' seminar meant the temporary end for the grammar school on the Schulberg. In 1948 Margot Göttlinger staged Kabale und Liebe and Der Auditor at the mountain school .

The pedagogical school was dissolved in 1956 and converted into the "German Mixed Middle School" with grades 8-11. Three years later, the Romanian lyceum with the mountain school became Lyzeum No. 2 , a Romanian high school with a German department. When the Alberthaus returned to the mountain school in 1964, foreign students could be accepted. In 1972 the school was renamed the Josef Haltrich Lyzeum at the 450th anniversary celebration . It was meant to be a reminder of Josef Haltrich , the fairy tale collector and former rector. When the school law to differentiate Romanian high schools came into force in 1980, the mountain school became Liceul industrial Josef Haltrich .

Turning point

When the Eastern Bloc collapsed, most of the Germans left Schäßburg. Accordingly, the number of German students at the mountain school decreased. In 1990 she was given the name Liceul teoretic Josef Haltrich with Romanian and German language of instruction. Parallel to the association of the same name in Schäßburg, the non-profit association Bergschule Schäßburg e. V. founded. The 475 year anniversary was celebrated in 1997 in the restored ballroom of the mountain school. 2001 was reminded of the renovation 100 years ago and the ten-year existence of the mountain school association.