Friedrich von Suhtscheck-Hauschka

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Fridrich (Friedrich) von Suhtscheck-Hauschka (born December 3, 1883 , † March 9, 1944 ) was an Austrian German philologist . He represented the thesis of an oriental origin of the Parzival legend .

theses

According to Suhtscheck, in the 12th century the Armenian Kyot (Giut) found a Persian book called Pārsīwalnāmä, written in Manichaean script, in the royal castle (Dolet) in Spane (Spâhân - Ispâhân ) and translated it into Old French . This translation served Wolfram von Eschenbach as the basis for his Parzival. "Pārsīwalnāmä" ("Book of Parsiwal") is a hypothetical title devised by Suhtscheck, which u. a. due to inaccurate newspaper reports it was sometimes mistaken for the name of a really existing manuscript and caused confusion.

Originally, the Parzival material was a parable of salvation handed down in Manichaean circles. His oldest known version is the pearl song that within the apokrophyen Acts of Thomas has survived and is dated to between 250 and 350. Suhtscheck is based on a Middle Persian original of Parzival, written before 650 , in which various legends were linked. A more recent version, enriched with heroic romance in the succession of Firdausi, was made around 1150. As a result, the Parzival consists of 6.5% of Wolfram's property, 61% of post-medieval heroic romance and 32.4% of Parsian legends.

The name of Parzival's father Gahmuret goes back to a Middle Persian Gēhmurd. Mont Salwatsche is Koh i sal chwadsche = Kuh-e Khwaja on the bank of Lake Hamun . The grail be up, go up, the same as the pearl from the pearl song. Klingsor or Clinchor in the castle at Kaps in terra de Labur was Chindschil, a Buddhist Pope-King at Kapisa ( Bewam north of Kabul ) in the kingdom of Lahur. Artus is Kawi Haosrawah in Yasht 19 = Kai Chosrau near Firdausi, for which Arta Chusrus is an alternative name. Lohengrin is Lohr-angrin (red courier), an epithet of the Sistani water god Apam, who, like Lohengrin, comes pulled on a swan.

reception

Suhtscheck presented his research at the fifth German Orientalist Day in Bonn in 1928 and the sixth German Orientalist Day in Vienna in 1930. He also gave popular lectures. His theses received attention, especially in the daily press, but were often rejected by philologists. The music historian Max Unger was a particularly keen supporter of Suhtscheck . The harsh criticism of the Indo-Germanist Hans Reichelt from Graz , who polemicized Suhtscheck's “presumptuous language, as well as ... the astonishing method and argumentation” and declared his work to be entirely “untenable”, turned out to be fatal for Suhtscheck's scientific success . Ultimately, Suhtscheck did not succeed in finding a publisher for his main work Parsiwal, the fundamental factual commentary on Wolframs von Eschenbach Parzival , on which he worked from 1924 and which he completed in 1933.

In the second half of the 20th century, Suhtscheck was at least included in two standard works, Iranian Studies ( Jan Rypka : History of Iranian Literature , Dordrecht 1968, p. 54 f.) And German Studies ( Joachim Bumke : Wolfram von Eschenbach , 5. Edition, Stuttgart 1981, p. 44 f.). In 1969, the Iranologist Walther Hinz came to similar conclusions as Suhtscheck in an article on Persian in “Parzifal” , namely that “the core of the Grail saga comes from one of those numerous parables or didactic stories that the followers of the Iranian prophet Mani (216-276) believe have used the promotional spread of his faith foundation “and expressly appreciated that. Arguments for an Iranian origin of the Grail saga were also provided by János Harmatta ( Les sources iraniennes de la légende du Gral , 1994).

Others

Suhtscheck was a member of the German Oriental Society from 1928 to 1935. He lived in Graz .

Works

  • Literature and literary science. Outline of a critical system in 3 parts. Leuschner & Lubensky, Graz 1923.
  • Wolframs von Eschenbach rhyming the Pârsîwalnâmä. In: Klio. Vol. 25, 1932, pp. 50-71.
  • Parsiwal, the basic factual commentary on Wolframs von Eschenbach Parzival. Unprinted manuscript in the Graz University Library .

literature

  • Walter Slaje : Fridrich von Suhtscheck and the "Pārsīwalnāmā". In: Journal of the German Oriental Society (ZDMG). 139: 93-103 online (1989) .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Slaje 1989, p. 99 f.
  2. ^ Klaus Beyer : The Syrian Pearl Song. A redemption myth as a fairy tale poem. In: ZDMG 140 (1990), pp. 234-259, here: p. 237 online
  3. ↑ : Friedrich von Suhtscheck v Mr. Wolfram. Eschenbach rhymed Pārsīwalnāmä translation. In: ZDMG 84 (1930), pp. 106 * -107 * (report from the sixth German Orientalist Day) online
  4. ↑ Summaries in ZDMG 82 (1928), pp. LXXXII-LXXXIV online and ZDMG 84 (1930), 106 * -107 * online
  5. ↑ Max Unger: The Iranian Origin of the Grail Legend. In: Deutsche Rundschau. Vol. 234 (1933), pp. 122-130 cf. Slaje 1989, p. 94 f.
  6. ↑ Hans Reichelt: Das Pârsîwalnâmä. In: Viennese magazine for the customer of the Orient. Vol. 40 (1933), pp. 37-49, cited in Slaje 1989, p. 98
  7. ↑ Slaje 1989, p. 100
  8. ↑ Walther Hinz: Persian in "Parzifal". In: Archaeological Communications from Iran. NF 2 (1969), pp. 177-181, cited from Slaje 1989, p. 99
  9. ↑ János Harmatta: Les sources iraniennes de la légende du Grail. In: Neohelicon. 21/1 (1994), pp. 209-216
  10. ↑ ZDMG 82 (1928), p. CXXXI online
  11. ↑ ZDMG 89 (1935), p. * 2 online
  12. ↑ Slaje 1989, p. 94; the table of contents is printed on pp. 100–103
personal data
SURNAME Suhtscheck-Hauschka, Friedrich von
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Suhtscheck, Fridrich von
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian Germanist
DATE OF BIRTH December 3, 1883
DATE OF DEATH March 9, 1944