Front of the plowman

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The Ploughers' Front (or also: Pflügerfront, Romanian : Frontul Plugarilor ) was a left-wing peasant party or political organization of the ploughmen in Romania , which was founded in Deva in 1933 and headed by Petru Groza .

history

The organization, which originated in the Hunedoara district , first expanded into the Banat and then into the rest of Romania. Groza, ex-minister (1926) from Alexandru Averescu's cabinet , aimed to improve the situation of the rural population. He called for a social security program and called for a tax reform that benefited small rural households.

In 1935 there was cooperation with the banned Communist Party of Romania. The corresponding agreement was signed in Țebea . From the communist point of view, this merger corresponded to the Stalinist Popular Front - doctrine .

However, until all political parties were banned in 1938, the “Ploughers' Front” never won more than 0.30% of the vote. Under Ion Antonescu the party remained underground and did not emerge again until 1944 after the fall of the regime.

In October 1944, the “Ploughers Front” became a member of the National Democratic Front (FND) dominated by the Romanian Communist Party, together with the “Union of Patriots”, the “Union of Hungarian Workers”, the “Socialist Peasant Party” and the Romanian Social Democrats Political party. In February 1945, the "Ploughers' Front" contributed to the failure of the government , although Nicolae Rădescu was represented in the cabinet .

Groza headed the third cabinet after the fall of Antonescu, which was formed on March 6, 1945. Although this cabinet was dominated by PCR, the "Front of the Ploughmen" also received the Ministry of Agriculture and Royal Goods, under the direction of Romulus Zăroni.

In the national elections of 1946, the "Ploughman Front" formed a common electoral platform with the communists. The Groza government was confirmed in this election, but apparently through massive election rigging. In the period that followed, the “Ploughers' Front” was actively involved with the communists in the development of communist Romania. While the party had called for the protection of small-scale farms at its party congress in July 1945, it now supported the collectivization of agriculture in Romania, as propagated by the communists .

In 1953 the "Ploughman Front" was dissolved.

Footnotes

  1. ^ Constantin C. Giurescu , Dinu C. Giurescu: Scurtă istorie a românilor. Editura Științifică și Enciclopedică, Bucharest 1977.
  2. ^ Hitchins: România, 1866-1947. 2nd Edition. 1998, pp. 390-391.
  3. ^ Hitchins: România, 1866-1947. 2nd Edition. 1998, p. 391.
  4. ^ Hitchins: România, 1866-1947. 2nd Edition. 1998, pp. 507-508.
  5. ↑ Frunză: Istoria stalinismului în România. 1990, pp. 287-292; Hitchins: România, 1866-1947. 2nd Edition. 1998, p. 517; Tismaneanu: Stalinism for all Seasons. 2003, p. 288.
  6. ^ Hitchins: România, 1866-1947. 2nd Edition. 1998, p. 511.

literature

  • Victor Frunză: Istoria stalinismului în România. Humanitas, Bucharest 1990, ISBN 973-28-0177-8 .
  • Keith Hitchins: România, 1866-1947. 2nd Edition. Humanitas, Bucharest 1998, ISBN 973-28-0843-8 (translation of the English-language original: Rumania 1866-1947. Clarendon Press, Oxford 1994, ISBN 0-19-822126-6 ).
  • Vladimir Tismaneanu : Stalinism for all Seasons. A Political History of Romanian Communism (= Society and Culture in East-Central Europe. 11). University of California Press, Berkeley CA et al. 2003, ISBN 0-520-23747-1 .

See also