Fulldome

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The term FullDome ( English , all-dome ') is an immersive dome-based projection environment , inter alia, in planetariums is used and mobile domes.

Full dome projection in the Zeiss Planetarium Jena

function

The projection takes place on a hemispherical surface, the dome . The image has a 360 degree expansion in the horizon and at least 180 degrees above the zenith and surrounds the viewer. The dome, horizontal or inclined, is played with real-time (interactive) or pre-rendered computer animations or with real image or video recordings. Image material in the so-called "full dome format" is called the dome master . The images have a round initial format.

user

Planetariums all over the world are increasingly using fulldome technology. The number of planetariums with the option of showing fulldome videos and offering interactive presentations is also growing in German-speaking countries. The media dome at the Kiel University of Applied Sciences is a pioneer in the verification of the fulldome medium.

Planetariums with fulldome technology (selection)

There are 990 planetariums with fulldome technology around the world, 450 of them in the USA alone.

Germany

Large planetariums

More planetariums

Switzerland

Large planetariums

More planetariums

  • Kreuzlingen Planetarium
  • Schaffhausen Planetarium
  • SIRIUS observatory and planetarium, Schwanden

United States

Australia

Fulldome at universities

Various universities in Germany are now also dealing with the fulldome medium: The Kiel University of Applied Sciences has its own "media dome", which also offers public programs. In the Multimedia Production, Bachelor and Master courses, both technical and content-related topics of the full domain are dealt with.

The Potsdam University of Applied Sciences also has a dome, the Powerdome , in which the use of fulldome technology for information visualization for education, e.g. for schools and museums, is tested. The research takes place here in cooperation with the Fraunhofer Institute for Computer Architecture and Software Technology (FIRST).

At the Bauhaus University Weimar , projects and seminars on fulldome production have been offered regularly since 2006. The Bauhaus University does not have its own dome; projects are carried out with the Zeiss Planetarium Jena. During this collaboration, one of the most famous fulldome festivals worldwide, the FullDome Festival Jena , came into being in 2007 .

Fulldome film festivals

Projectors

Multi-channel projection devices for full domes are for example Zeiss Powerdome, Evans & Sutherland Digitar 3, Skyskan DigitalSky, Kodak Minolta MediaGlobe and Spitz ElectricSky II.

Domemaster format

equidistant projection, 180 ° curvature

The Dome Master format (or dome master) is the image standard for full-dome medium. This is a distorted circular image that is embedded in a square image and is used for full-dome projection. The Domemaster therefore corresponds to the fisheye projection . Here, single image sequences are usually used in file formats such as JPG , PNG and TGA with 29.97, 30 or 60 images per second, which have to be converted into a special video format within the system for the respective system. Usual resolutions are 1k (1024x1024), 2k (2048x2048), 3k (3072x3072), 4k (4096x4096), 8k (8192x8192) depending on the system and dome size.

A dome master is made with real image recordings through a fisheye lens, these are mainly timelapse recordings that were created with digital (mostly single lens reflex) cameras. Five or multi-camera rigs are rarely used in which several individual cameras for each required direction are combined to form a so-called rig and film in parallel. The so-called stitching is done either live by special real-time software or by video processing programs afterwards. For 2D or 3D animations, either virtual five-camera rigs or special fulldome cameras, distortion filters or shaders that have been specially programmed for this purpose are used. The latter offer the advantage that subsequent stitching is not necessary.

File specification under development

So far, the definition has been more of a design guideline in order to be able to reproduce an image optimally in a fulldome environment. However, the professional association IMERSA is working on an official technical file specification in which features such as encryption, metadata, sound etc. are taken into account.

Web links

Commons : Fulldome  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Quo Vadis Fulldome? , PDF file
  2. ↑ a b Fulldome 1x1 from Carl Zeiss Jena GmbH 2008 (PDF; 277 kB), p. 3
  3. ↑ Kiel Media Cathedral
  4. ↑ http://www.lochnessproductions.com/lfco/lfco.html
  5. ↑ http://www.redshift-live.com/de/magazine/articles/Planetarien/13188-Planetarien_in_Deutschland_Erkrath-1.html
  6. ↑ http://www.redshift-live.com/de/magazine/articles/Planetarien/13336-Ververzeichnis_der_Planetarien-1.html
  7. ↑ Planetarium . In: Swiss Museum of Transport . ( verkehrshaus.ch [accessed on April 10, 2017]).
  8. ↑ Planetarium and observatory Kreuzlingen | Home. Retrieved April 10, 2017 .
  9. ↑ Planetarium - Natural Research Society / Schaffhausen Observatory. Retrieved on April 10, 2017 (Swiss Standard German).
  10. ↑ Planetarium - The weatherproof starry sky - Observatory - Planetarium SIRIUS, Schwanden ob Sigriswil. Retrieved April 10, 2017 .
  11. ↑ http://www.mediendom.de/
  12. ↑ Archive link ( Memento of the original dated August 9, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / design.fh-potsdam.de
  13. ↑ http://www.first.fraunhofer.de/projekte/digital-dome/  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www.first.fraunhofer.de  
  14. ↑ Archive link ( Memento of the original dated December 5, 2006 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.domefest.com
  15. ↑ Archived copy ( Memento of the original dated February 5, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / pineappleware.undonet.com
  16. ↑ http://www.zeiss.de/C12567B000352701/EmbedTitelIntern/12_Fulldome/$File/12-Fulldome.pdf
  17. ↑ http://software.multimeios.pt/fulldome/
  18. ↑ http://www.uni-weimar.de/medien/wiki/images/5CameraRig-2.pdf
  19. ↑ http://artslab.unm.edu/82/making-a-hemi-cubic-3d-camera-in-maya
  20. ↑ Archive link ( Memento of the original from April 22, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.360flicks.com
  21. ↑ Archived copy ( Memento of the original from March 13, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.imersa.org