Furylfuramide
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| General | ||||||||||
| Surname | Furylfuramide | |||||||||
| other names |
( Z ) -2- (2-furyl) -3- (5-nitro-2-furyl) acrylamide |
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| Molecular formula | C 11 H 8 N 2 O 5 | |||||||||
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| Molar mass | 248.19 g mol −1 | |||||||||
| Physical state |
firmly |
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| As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions . | ||||||||||
Furylfuramid is a chemical compound from the group of nitrofurans that is effective as a preservative .
Furylfuramid was used under the trade name AF-2 from 1965 in Japan to preserve tofu , sausage and fish products. In a 1971 study, no carcinogenic effects were found. In 1972, however, a mutagenic effect was found in various Ames tests . As a result, the animal experiments were repeated under more sensitive conditions (young rats, increased enzyme activity and higher feeding doses), although in 1973 a carcinogenic effect was found. Following a campaign by the Japanese consumer protection association, the government banned the substance in 1974. Furfurylamide causes cancers of the forestomach, stomach and breast in rats.
Shortly afterwards, a carcinogenic effect was also found in mice.
literature
- IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans: Some Food Additives, Feed Additives and Naturally Occurring Substances (Vol. 31), 1983, pp. 47-61.
Individual evidence
- ↑ This substance has either not yet been classified with regard to its hazardousness or a reliable and citable source has not yet been found.
- ↑ a b Mijayi (1971), cited in 2402. Japanese work on furylfuramide toxicity . In: Food and Cosmetics Toxicology . tape 10 , no. 5 , 1972, p. 717-719 , doi : 10.1016 / S0015-6264 (72) 80163-9 .
- ↑ Entry on furylfuramide in the ChemIDplus database of the United States National Library of Medicine (NLM), accessed on March 8, 2017.
- ↑ Y. Tazima: Consequences of the AF-2 incident in Japan. In: Environmental Health Perspectives . tape April 29 , 1979, pp. 183-187 , PMC 1637377 (free full text).
- ^ History: 1970s , Consumers Union of Japan.
- ↑ Sea-Uck Lukas Jung: Nutrition and biomarkers of genotoxicity in the human breast . 2005, p. 13 ( PDF - dissertation).
- ^ Taisei Nomura: Carcinogenicity of the food additive furylfuramide in foetal and young mice . In: Nature . tape 258 , no. 5536 , 1975, pp. 610-611 , doi : 10.1038 / 258610a0 .