Hohenwepel gallery grave
| Hohenwepel gallery grave | |||
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| Coordinates | 51 ° 32 '3.3 " N , 9 ° 8' 1.4" E | ||
| place | Warburg OT Hohenwepel , North Rhine-Westphalia , Germany | ||
| Emergence | 3500 to 2800 BC Chr. | ||
The Hohenwepel gallery grave is a megalithic burial complex of the Neolithic Wartberg culture near Hohenwepel , a district of Warburg in the Höxter district ( North Rhine-Westphalia ) , which has only survived in remains and is not visible above ground .
location
The grave is located near Hohenwepel on the "Engarheide" parcel. The completely destroyed gallery grave Borgentreich-Großeneder was 1.5 km to the north .
Research history
The grave was discovered in 1983 while plowing. An archaeological excavation was then carried out in 1983/84 under the direction of Klaus Günther .
description
architecture
The plant is oriented west-east. It has a total length of 24 m, a width between 3.2 m and 4 m and an original height between 1.2 m and 1.3 m. The burial chamber has an inner length of 23 m, a width between 2.2 m and 3 m and an original ceiling height of 0.8 m. It was sunk into the ground about three-quarters of its original height. The chamber was built from red sandstone slabs, of which only fragments and the standing holes were found during the excavation. Only the eastern end stone was still well preserved. It has a length of 2.2 m, a height of 1 m and a thickness of 0.5 m. The gaps between the wall stones were originally filled with dry masonry made of small sandstone and limestone slabs. The western end of the chamber may have been built entirely from dry masonry, as no scuff marks from wall panels could be found here. Cover plates were not preserved. The original access to the chamber was in the middle of the southern long side. A perforated door stone may once have been located here, but it has not been preserved. No signs of ventricular plaster were noted.
The building material for the chamber came from 3.5 km or 4.5 km away from the Rotenberg or the Hoppenberg. The material requirement is estimated at around 154.3 t.
Burials
Only a few human skeletal remains were found during the excavation. These were badly weathered and have not yet been examined in more detail.
Additions
A total of 67 ceramic shards were found during the excavation, but they cannot be reconstructed into vessels. The shards can be assigned to the Wartberg culture, but they also show possible influences of the spherical amphora culture . There are also numerous artifacts from flint and chert (blades, haircuts , triangular and cross-edged arrowheads , scrapers ) and a hatchet from rock.
literature
- Klaus Günther : Keyword “Warburg-Hohenwepel”. In: Excavations and finds in Westphalia-Lippe. Volume 1985, p. 264.
- Klaus Günther: A large stone grave in the Warburger Börde near Hohenwepel, town of Warburg, district of Höxter. In: Excavations in Westphalia-Lippe. Volume 4, 1986, pp. 65-104.
- Dirk Raetzel-Fabian : Calden. Earthworks and burial places of the early Neolithic. Architecture - ritual - chronology (= university research on prehistoric archeology. Volume 70). Habelt, Bonn 2000, ISBN 3-7749-3022-8 , p. 229.
- Kerstin Schierhold : Studies on the Hessian-Westphalian megalithic. Research status and perspectives in a European context (= Münster contributions to prehistoric and early historical archeology. Volume 6). Leidorf, Rahden / Westf. 2012, ISBN 978-3-89646-284-8 , pp. 261-262.
- Bendix Trier : Keyword "Hohenwepel". In: Neujahrsgruß 1985. 1985, pp. 24-26.
Web links
- The Megalithic Portal: Hohenwepel gallery grave