Garritya polymorpha
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Garritya polymorpha ( Basionym : Flexibacter polymorphus Lewin 1974 ) is a type of bacteria that belongs to the division of Bacteroidetes . It is the type species of the genus Garritya .
Appearance
Garritya polymorpha forms long cell threads with a width of 1.1 µm and a length of several 100 µm, the individual cells reach a length of 3.5 to 7 µm. The transverse walls are visible in phase contrast. The filaments can be branched. In addition to these long filaments, there may be shorter and more slender cell threads, the length is 10 to 40 µm, the width 0.6 µm. Under certain growth conditions, helical, curved and left-handed filaments can form. Broader and flattened cells sometimes appear in the middle of the threads. Garritya polymorpha is by gliding motil ("gliding motility") and very active. There are no flagella . Spores are not formed. The gram test is negative. Cobalamin is needed for growth . The colonies are colored orange. The main carotenoid is saproxanthin . The catalase test is negative.
Growth and metabolism
Garritya polymorpha is strictly aerobic and chemo-organotrophic . Metabolism is breathing . Salt water is required for growth, the necessary salinity is 2.0 - 7.5%. The optimal temperature for growth is 32 ° C, the tolerated pH value around 7 to 8.5.
Systematics
The species Garritya polymorpha was first described by Ralph A. Lewin in 1974 under the basonym Flexibacter polymorphus . On the basis of further genetic studies of the species in the Bacteroidetes department , the original systematic allocation of many species to the Flexibacter genus was no longer tenable and the majority of the species were assigned to other genera. Originally the species was in the family Cytophagaceae . Garritya polymorpha is the only species of the genus Garritya (as of May 2019).
etymology
The generic name Garritya was chosen in honor of George M. Garrity , an American micro and molecular biologist . The species name G. polymorphus is derived from the Greek adjective "polumorphos", which means something like "in many forms". The generic name of the basonym Flexibacter is derived from the Latin adjective "flexus" (twisted) and the Greek word "baktron", which means something like stick, and refers to the cell shape, screw-like, curved shapes can occur.
Individual evidence
- ^ Jean Euzéby, Aidan C. Parte: Genus Garritya. In: List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature ( LPSN ). Retrieved October 24, 2019 .
literature
- Jiri Hausler: Freshwater Flora of Central Europe, Vol. 20: Schizomycetes . Springer, 1982, ISBN 978-3-8274-2141-8 , pp. 150 .
- War, NR; Ludwig, W .; Whitman, WB; Hedlund, BP; Paster, BJ; Staley, JT; Ward, N .; Brown, D .; Parte, A .: Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology. Volume 4: The Bacteroidetes, Spirochaetes, Tenericutes (Mollicutes), Acidobacteria, Fibrobacteres, Fusobacteria, Dictyoglomi, Gemmatimonadetes, Lentisphaerae, Verrucomicrobia, Chlamydiae, and Planctomycetes . Springer, 2010, ISBN 978-0-387-68572-4 , pp. 392-397 .