Yellow rockrose shrike
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Yellow rockrose shrike ( Cytinus hypocistis ) |
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| Cytinus hypocistis | ||||||||||||
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The Yellow Zistrosenwürger ( Cytinus hypocistis ) is a plant type from the family of cytinaceae .
features
The rockrose shrike is a parasitic plant. More precisely, they are called holoparasites , also full parasites or full parasites. These are plant parasites that are no longer able to photosynthesize because they lack chlorophyll . They get all the necessary nutrients from their host's roots through haustoria. This species parasitizes on rockrose species ( Cistus ) underground . The underground part can be several meters long and runs through the roots of the host plant like a mushroom mycelium.
The plant appears above ground only at flowering time with about 2 to 5 cm short fleshy shoots. Leaves are actually just the bracts of the inflorescences and not foliage leaves. There are narrow, egg-shaped scale leaves attached to the stems, which are yellow at the base, but orange to scarlet red towards the tip.
The plants are single sexed ( monoecious ). The flowers are five of us to tenth densely tufted at the end of the stem axis . These are each surrounded by two bracts. The inflorescence consists of four sepals that have grown together to form a tube: you can see four protruding tips from the calyx tube, the petals are missing. In the male flowers eight stamens are united to form a column. The female flowers have a subordinate ovary with a widespread stigma. Ants and birds are given as pollinators. There are berries formed with many small seeds (less than 0.5 mm). The berries are eaten by beetles and so the seeds endochorically spread.
Flowering time is from April to June.
The number of chromosomes is 2n = 32.
Occurrence
In the Mediterranean and the Canaries common. Dry maquis and garigues are preferred as locations . The rockrose shrike occurs in the Canary Islands, Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya, Spain, Portugal, France, Italy, Malta, Albania, Croatia, Greece, Turkey, Cyprus, Lebanon, Syria and Israel.
literature
- Dankwart Seidel: Flowers on the Mediterranean. Determine accurately with the 3-check . BLV, Munich 2002, ISBN 3-405-16294-7 .
- Clara de Vega, Montserrat Arista, Pedro L. Ortiz, Carlos M. Herrera, Salvador Talavera: Endozoochory by beetles: a novel seed dispersal mechanism. In: Annals of Botany Volume 107, No. 4, 2011: 629-637, doi: 10.1093 / aob / mcr013 .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Cytinus hypocistis at Tropicos.org. In: IPCN Chromosome Reports . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
- ^ Cytinus in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved June 13, 2017.