Rockrose Shrike Family

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Rockrose Shrike Family
Yellow rockrose shrike (Cytinus hypocistis), illustration

Yellow rockrose shrike ( Cytinus hypocistis ), illustration

Systematics
Eudicotyledons
Nuclear eudicotyledons
Rosids
Eurosiden II
Order : Mallow-like (Malvales)
Family : Rockrose Shrike Family
Scientific name
Cytinaceae
( Brogn. ) A.Rich.
Yellow rockrose shrike ( Cytinus hypocystis ), parasite on rockrose ( Cistus monspeliensis ), location: south coast of Mallorca , beginning of April

The plant family of the rockrose shrike family (Cytinaceae) belongs to the order of the mallow-like (Malvales).

description

They are parasitic plants, more precisely they are called holoparasites, also called full parasites or full parasites . These are plant parasites that are no longer able to photosynthesize because they lack chlorophyll . They get all the necessary nutrients from their host's roots through haustoria . There are no roots. Leaves are actually only bracts of the inflorescences and not foliage leaves, these are reduced to opposite, alternate or mostly whorled, membranous scales. There are no stomata .

Only the inflorescences / fruit clusters are recognizable as the actual plant. There are monoecious ( monoecious ) or dioecious ( dioecious ) separate-sex species. The flowers stand together in mostly racemose , sometimes cephalic inflorescences . The unisexual flowers are small to medium-sized and have radial symmetry . In some species the flowers smell unpleasant. The inflorescence consists of four to nine sepals that have grown together to form a tube , with no petals . The male flowers contain eight to rarely 100 fertile stamens , with no stamens being recognizable, so the anthers are sessile. The pollen grain usually has two to three, rarely four apertures and is colpat or porate. In the female flowers are four to eight, rarely up to 14 carpels an under constant ovary fused with an equal number of chambers as carpels. In each ovary chamber there are 25 to 100 orthotropic, bitegmic, tenuinucellate ovules in parietal placentation . The long stylus ends in a trimmed scar. Ants and birds are given as pollinators .

Many berries with many seeds are produced. The tiny seeds contain no endosperm and only a rudimentary embryo at seed maturity .

Systematics

The Cytinaceae family was established in 1824 by Achille Richard in Dictionnaire classique d'histoire naturelle , 5, p. 301.

Only two genera with ten species belong to the family of the Cytinaceae:

The position in the system is controversial. Even at APG, it is listed both as part of the Malvales and without classification. Other authors put them in an order Rafflesiales, i.e. a taxon with only full parasites.

swell

Individual evidence

  1. page Cytinaceae on biowin.at
  2. Cytinaceae in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland.
  3. Entry in the Madagascar Catalog.
  4. Jump up ↑ PM Burgoyne: A New Species of Cytinus (Cytinaceae) from South Africa and Swaziland, with a Key to the Southern African Species , In: Novon , Volume 16, No. 3, 2006, pp. 315-319.

Web links

Commons : Cytinaceae  - collection of images, videos and audio files