Yellow-spotted black butterfly

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Yellow-spotted black butterfly
Erebia manto female hochtor.jpg

Yellow-spotted Mohrenfalter ( Erebia manto )

Systematics
Class : Insects (Insecta)
Order : Butterflies (Lepidoptera)
Family : Noble butterfly (Nymphalidae)
Subfamily : Eye butterflies (Satyrinae)
Genre : Erebia
Type : Yellow-spotted black butterfly
Scientific name
Erebia manto
( Denis & Schiffermüller , 1775)

The yellow-spotted Mohrenfalter ( Erebia manto ) is a butterfly (day butterfly ) from the family of the noble butterfly (Nymphalidae). The specific epithet is derived from Manto , the daughter of the seer Teiresias from Greek mythology .

features

butterfly

The forewings of the moths, which have a wingspan of about 25 to 32 millimeters, are dark brown in color and show great variability, which is also geographically based. Sometimes they are monochrome brown, sometimes they show red-brown bandages in the post-fiscal region . For this reason they are similar to other species of black butterflies, but no generally valid distinguishing features can be given for the male butterflies. The females, on the other hand, are very easy to recognize, mostly showing very conspicuous yellow spots on the underside of the hind wing, which is also where the German name of the species can be traced back. Occasionally these spots can turn out whitish or orange-yellow.

Caterpillar, pupa

The caterpillars are greenish to ocher yellow in color and have fine black bristles. Several rows of black commas can be seen on the sides. The pupa has a yellowish color and shows wing sheaths drawn in black.

distribution and habitat

The yellow-spotted Mohrenfalter occurs in European mountains at altitudes of about 900 to 2500 meters, for example in the Alps , the Pyrenees , the Cantabrian Mountains , the Massif Central , the Vosges , the Carpathian Mountains and the Hercegovina Mountains The species is primarily found on mountain meadows rich in flowers, grassy slopes, alpine pastures and pastures as well as on the edges of forests.

Way of life

The moths live in one generation from July to September. The development cycle lasts two years. The caterpillars prefer to feed on fescue species ( Festuca ), especially common red fescue ( Festuca rubra ). They pupate freely on the ground and the moths hatch just three weeks later.

Danger

In Germany, the species occurs only in a few places in the Bavarian Alps and is listed on the Red List of Endangered Species in Category R (species with geographical restriction). In very local places, it can appear quite numerous.

swell

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Arnold Spuler: The butterflies of Europe . tape 1 . E. Schweitzerbartsche Verlagbuchhandlung, Stuttgart 1908, p. 36 .
  2. ^ A b Walter Forster, Theodor A. Wohlfahrt: The butterflies of Central Europe. Volume 2: Butterflies. (Rhopalocera and Hesperiidae). Franckh'sche Verlagshandlung, Stuttgart 1955, DNB 456642188 .
  3. ^ A b Tom Tolman, Richard Lewington: The butterflies of Europe and Northwest Africa , Franckh-Kosmos Verlags-GmbH & Co, Stuttgart 1998, ISBN 3-440-07573-7
  4. ↑ Federal Agency for Nature Conservation (Ed.): Red List of Endangered Animals in Germany . Landwirtschaftsverlag, Münster 1998, ISBN 3-89624-110-9

literature

  • Tom Tolman, Richard Lewington: The butterflies of Europe and Northwest Africa , Franckh-Kosmos Verlags-GmbH & Co, Stuttgart 1998, ISBN 3-440-07573-7 .
  • Walter Forster , Theodor A. Wohlfahrt : The butterflies of Central Europe. Volume 2: Butterflies. (Rhopalocera and Hesperiidae). Franckh'sche Verlagshandlung, Stuttgart 1955, DNB 456642188 .

Web links

Commons : Gelbfleckter Mohrenfalter  - Album with pictures, videos and audio files