Geneva Protocols

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The Geneva Protocols of October 4, 1922 were a state treaty between the Republic of Austria and Great Britain , France , Italy and Czechoslovakia within the framework of the League of Nations . Austria got a League of Nations loan of 650 million gold crowns for 20 years in order to end the hyperinflation after the First World War by introducing the schilling . The Geneva Protocols included an international guarantee of Austria's sovereignty. In return, the state undertook to remain independent, i.e. not to join the German Reich ( connection ban ).

The Dutchman Alfred Rudolph Zimmermann took over the control of the Austrian state finances as general commissioner of the League of Nations . The fiscal consequences of the protocols were radical austerity measures, downsizing of civil servants and strict control of the printing press. The negotiators on the Austrian side were Ignaz Seipel and Albert Mensdorff-Pouilly . In parliament , the Geneva Protocols were ratified only by the Christian Socials and the Greater Germans , but not by the Social Democrats . With the handling of the Geneva Protocols, the Western powers were able to successfully raise an objection to the Austro-German customs union of 1931 .

The installments for the repayment of the League of Nations bonds were paid regularly until the "Anschluss" to the German Reich in 1938, but were suspended during the Second World War . After its end, Austria continued to repay its debt until it was repaid in 1980.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Arnold Suppan , Österreichisches Ost- und Südosteuropa-Institut (ed.): Between bankruptcy and Geneva restructuring: June 11, 1921 to November 6, 1922. Foreign policy documents of the Republic of Austria 1918-1938 , Volume 4. Verlag für Geschichte und Politik, Vienna 2002, ISBN 3-70280-355-6 , pp. 8 and 446.
  2. ^ A. Breycha-Vauthier:  Mensdorff-Pouilly-Dietrichstein Albert Graf. In: Austrian Biographical Lexicon 1815–1950 (ÖBL). Volume 6, Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Vienna 1975, ISBN 3-7001-0128-7 , p. 224.
  3. ^ Arnold Suppan: Yugoslavia and Austria 1918–1938. Bilateral foreign policy in the European environment. Verlag für Geschichte und Politik, Vienna 1996, ISBN 3-486-56166-9 , p. 171.
  4. ↑ Entry on Geneva Protocols in the Austria Forum  (in the AEIOU Austria Lexicon )
  5. ^ Peter Huber: Credit or Downfall: When Austria was facing bankruptcy. The press of November 14, 2011.

literature

  • Gottlieb Ladner: Seipel overcoming the national crisis of summer 1922. On the history of the genesis of the Geneva Protocols of October 4, 1922. Stiasny publishing house, Vienna 1964.
  • Helmut Strauss: The Geneva and Lausanne Treaties in their economic, political and social context. Diploma thesis, Vienna 1988.